JPS6127936A - 2,3,5−トリメチル−ハイドロキノンの製造方法 - Google Patents
2,3,5−トリメチル−ハイドロキノンの製造方法Info
- Publication number
- JPS6127936A JPS6127936A JP59147320A JP14732084A JPS6127936A JP S6127936 A JPS6127936 A JP S6127936A JP 59147320 A JP59147320 A JP 59147320A JP 14732084 A JP14732084 A JP 14732084A JP S6127936 A JPS6127936 A JP S6127936A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tmbq
- trimethyl
- catalyst
- benzoquinone
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- AUFZRCJENRSRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C)C(C)=C1O AUFZRCJENRSRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- QIXDHVDGPXBRRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)C(C)=C(C)C1=O QIXDHVDGPXBRRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QQOMQLYQAXGHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,6-Trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1C QQOMQLYQAXGHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 35
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical class [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrosulfide Chemical compound [SH-] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXBDYQVECUFKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC CXBDYQVECUFKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001550224 Apha Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-ylmethyl)-1-oxa-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-2-en-8-yl]-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]methanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CC1=NOC2(C1)CCN(CC2)C(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(C)(C)C AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyacetone Chemical compound OCC(=O)CO RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDJXVNRFAQSMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinhydrone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 BDJXVNRFAQSMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940052881 quinhydrone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000001459 whitebark Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59147320A JPS6127936A (ja) | 1984-07-16 | 1984-07-16 | 2,3,5−トリメチル−ハイドロキノンの製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59147320A JPS6127936A (ja) | 1984-07-16 | 1984-07-16 | 2,3,5−トリメチル−ハイドロキノンの製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6127936A true JPS6127936A (ja) | 1986-02-07 |
JPH0456811B2 JPH0456811B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-09-09 |
Family
ID=15427515
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59147320A Granted JPS6127936A (ja) | 1984-07-16 | 1984-07-16 | 2,3,5−トリメチル−ハイドロキノンの製造方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6127936A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006522106A (ja) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-09-28 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | ブロモフェノール及びベンゾキノンの混合物からヒドロキノンを製造する方法 |
CN107185571A (zh) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-22 | 南京工业大学 | 钴催化剂及其制备方法和在催化合成2,3,5‑三甲基苯醌中的应用 |
-
1984
- 1984-07-16 JP JP59147320A patent/JPS6127936A/ja active Granted
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006522106A (ja) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-09-28 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | ブロモフェノール及びベンゾキノンの混合物からヒドロキノンを製造する方法 |
CN107185571A (zh) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-22 | 南京工业大学 | 钴催化剂及其制备方法和在催化合成2,3,5‑三甲基苯醌中的应用 |
CN107185571B (zh) * | 2017-05-18 | 2019-12-24 | 南京工业大学 | 钴催化剂及其制备方法和在催化合成2,3,5-三甲基苯醌中的应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0456811B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-09-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2018692C (fr) | Procede de preparation de l'acide ascorbique | |
BE1008403A4 (fr) | Procede de cristallisation d'iopamidol. | |
EP0092909B1 (en) | Process for producing aminophenyl-beta-hydroxyethylsulfone | |
US4992598A (en) | Purification of 1, 1, 1-tris(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethane | |
JPH0142271B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
CA1132996A (en) | Process for producing naphthoquinone | |
CH649555A5 (fr) | Compose chromogene. | |
CA2343012A1 (fr) | Procede de cristallisation d'acide carboxylique | |
JPS6127936A (ja) | 2,3,5−トリメチル−ハイドロキノンの製造方法 | |
US4546201A (en) | Process for the optical resolution of (±)2-(6'methoxy-2'-naphthyl)-propionic acid | |
CA2222367C (fr) | Procede de preparation de diacides a partir des eaux de lavage des produits d'oxydation du cyclohexane | |
KR100392740B1 (ko) | 아디프산의제조방법 | |
US2898350A (en) | Ozonolysis of coal-tar products | |
KR20230007754A (ko) | 2,5-디아미노톨루엔 황산염의 제조방법 | |
JPS61281159A (ja) | 橙色色素の製造法 | |
JPH07509439A (ja) | 2−フェニル置換−1,3−プロパンジオールの合成 | |
CN112225653A (zh) | 天然苯甲醛的绿色合成方法 | |
DE68901996T2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von pyruvat. | |
JPS60123461A (ja) | m−アミノフェニル−β−ヒドロキシエチルスルホンの製造方法 | |
US3864399A (en) | Catalytic reduction of nitroparaffins to oximes and catalyst therefor | |
CH314008A (fr) | Procédé de préparation de thréo-1-p-nitrophényl-2-acylamidopropane-1,3-diols | |
JPH02268176A (ja) | 無水マレイン酸の精製方法 | |
SU381659A1 (ru) | Способ получения дихлорбензолдикарбоновых | |
JP3257371B2 (ja) | 5−フタルイミド−4−オキソペンテン酸またはそのピリジン塩の製造方法 | |
JPH0512344B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |