JPS60126352A - Composite synthetic fiber fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a fabric using composite synthetic fiber filament yarn. Furthermore, it relates to a fabric that has the depth of one color, luster, and drape, exhibits silk-like squeaking and water absorption, and is extremely comfortable to wear.

[Prior art and its problems]

Synthetic fibers are widely used as clothing fibers due to their excellent functionality, and many new products have been provided and put into practical use in the field of silk-like woven and knitted fabrics. However, since it basically has a hydrophobic substrate, it does not have the function of absorbing and discharging liquid or gaseous moisture such as sweat from the body, so it is not satisfactory in terms of comfort. Many techniques have been proposed to improve this property of synthetic fibers, but all of them have impaired the functionality of the synthetic fibers 9 and have insufficient sweat wicking capabilities. For example, fibers are made by blending a hydrophilic component with hydrophobic synthetic fibers, fibers are made using a core-sheath method, in which a hydrophilic component is placed in the core, and the sheath is composed of hydrophobic synthetic fibers, or fibers are knitted in a core-sheath method. These include fibers containing hydrophilic components and exposing the hydrophilic components on the surface. In the former, the hydrophilic components exist discontinuously, resulting in poor moisture transport performance and insufficient perspiration drainage function.Furthermore, the fiber surface is rough, causing diffused reflection, resulting in poor color development, and the fibers are not uniform. Therefore, it has drawbacks such as easy fibrillation. In the case of the latter, in the case of the core-sheath method, the hydrophilic components are localized, causing dyeing irritation, and at the same time, the hydrophilic components are largely engulfed, resulting in a state of devitrification and a decrease in color development. Since the cross-sectional shape is such that the hydrophobic synthetic fiber wraps the hydrophilic component, the opening of the hydrophilic component to the fiber surface is small.
Although the amount of water absorption or moisture absorption is relatively high, the rate of water or moisture release is slow. There are drawbacks such as the hydrophilic component is heavily bitten and the hydrophobic component with high fiber-forming properties becomes thin, making it easy for the two components to peel off and form fine fibers, that is, to form fibrils.

The biggest drawback of conventional synthetic fibers is that the surface of the fibers is smooth and does not squeak due to friction, and they have a waxy feel that is typical of synthetic fibers, making it difficult to obtain a smooth surface touch. Furthermore, the conventional example [object of the present invention] The present invention aims to improve the drawbacks of the conventional example. In other words, by making the fibers that make up the fabric a composite synthetic fiber with a specific cross section, without impairing the inherent properties of synthetic fibers such as stiffness, dyeability, and luster.

The purpose is to provide a new fabric that exhibits water absorption performance and has two-color depth and creak. .

[Configuration of the present invention]

The present invention consists of the following configuration.

“In textiles using composite synthetic fiber filament yarns,
The cross-sectional shape of the single fiber of the composite synthetic fiber has a wedge-shaped groove portion in the inner direction of the fiber, and the inside of the groove portion has a higher hydrophilic component than the outer layer portion of the fiber, and the inside of the groove portion The grooves are arranged so that they appear on the surface of the fabric, and the water absorption time by the dripping method of the fabric is less than 100 seconds. A composite synthetic fiber fabric characterized by having a stick-slip width of ID0g or more as measured by a fabric friction method. In the present invention, the composite synthetic fiber is composed of A component and B component, as shown in the model in the 1st to 4th teeth, and the A component is mainly exposed in the grooves that are continuous in the fiber axis direction, It is necessary that the component is more hydrophilic than component B. The hydrophilic nature of component A basically refers to those blended with hydrophilic polymers, those made porous, etc. in order to increase moisture absorption and water absorption ability.

Contains composite synthetic fibers made of polymers whose surfaces are easily coated with hydrophilic substances or whose surfaces are easily graft-polymerized with hydrophilic substances during post-processing. The hydrophilic components of these grooves, combined with the capillary effect of the grooves, increase water diffusion in the fabric, reducing uneven moisture pressure, increasing the moisture dispersion area, and physically retaining a large amount of water. However, because the surface of the fabric is structurally easy to touch the skin and contains hydrophobic component B, it does not cause discomfort such as stickiness. The cross-sectional shape of the composite synthetic fiber is as shown in Figures 1 to 4. In order to effectively utilize the fibers, the depth of the groove is 2.
'P' is 06 microns or more, groove entrance width M'L' is 0
A thickness of 4 microns or more is desirable, and in order to obtain a silk-like luster, it is desirable that the basic cross-sectional shape has a multi-lobed cross-section of three or more leaves, with a groove at the tip of at least one leaf. Here, the fifth
The figure shows the vertices P and G where the A component exists from the fiber center of gravity G, G.
A point Q closest to the fiber center of gravity G of the A component on the P line, a boundary point ML on the outer periphery of the A component and the daily component, a line PQ and a line M
Figure 6 shows the groove Q'M'P'L' formed by dissolving and removing part of the component A in Figure 5, and the point near the fiber center of gravity of the groove is Q/, the groove. Let the points on the left and right of the entrance of
, the midpoint of line M'L' is P', and the width of the entrance of the groove is M'
L', the depth of the groove is exemplified by Q7 p/.

Next, in the present invention, it is necessary that the inside of the groove has a higher fine unevenness than the outer layer of the fiber. These grooves are arranged so that they appear on the outer surface of the fabric, so if the grooves have minute irregularities inside, light is absorbed into the grooves.

This gives the dyed fabric a deep look. In terms of color development, the depth of the groove and the width of the groove entrance are also important.

For example, in the case of FIG. 6, it is desirable that the groove depth Q/p/ be 2.0 microns or less and the groove entrance width M'L' be 2.0 microns or less. Therefore, the groove shape is preferably such that the depth of the groove is in the range of 0 to 20 microns and the width of the entrance of the groove is in the range of 0 to 4 to 20 microns, in order to exhibit the squeaking effect and the coloring effect at the same time.

Next, in the present invention, the water absorption time of the fabric by the dripping method is 100%.
It must be within seconds. Wearing the woven fabric of the present invention absorbs and diffuses sweat, giving it a comfortable feel.

This is to improve the comfort of wearing to a level higher than that of silk fabrics. In this case, the drip method water absorption time is approximately 100 seconds or less, while the conventional silk-like synthetic fiber fabric has a water absorption time of over 100 seconds, and generally 200 to 400 seconds.
It is about seconds. The single fiber cross-sectional shape of composite synthetic fibers is also important in terms of water absorption properties.In the thickness range of fibers used for general clothing, the depth of the grooves is deep and the width of the entrance of the grooves is relatively wide. The wider the groove area when viewed, the better it is, but overall, including the color development and squeaking effect, the depth of the groove is 0.3 to 20 microns, and the width of the entrance of the groove is 0.4 to 2.0 microns. A range of microns is preferred.

Here, the water absorption time by the dropping method is 20 x 20 cm for textiles.
After taking 2 pieces and sewing them with a sewing machine to prevent fraying around them, I washed them in an automatic reversing spiral type electric washing machine with 40゛C±2'0 02% anionic detergent 25J7 gold pouch, and then Add 500g of fabric and process in a washing machine on strong conditions for 5 minutes. After further centrifugal dehydration for 1 minute, rinse for 10 minutes while allowing water to overflow, and centrifuge dehydration for 1 minute again.

Drip dry. After repeating the above washing operation four times, two test pieces of approximately 15 x 15 cm were collected.

Stretch it horizontally on the entrance side of a beaker with a diameter of 6 cm or more.

Secure with a rubber band without applying any extra tension.

A 1cc injection needle (TERUMO2
(6G 1/20.45 x 13 pieces in principle) is fixed to the holder so that the tip is 5c+n away from the surface of the horizontally placed test piece. Start the stopwatch at the same time as the water droplets fall onto the test piece, and measure the time when the water droplets on the test piece no longer exhibit any particular reflection.

Expressed as the average value of 5 locations.

Next, in the present invention, it is necessary that the stick-slip width of the fabric by the friction method is 100 g or more. The preferred size is 150 g or more. This is to make the squeaky silk sound more similar to real silk. If the width of the stick-slip is less than 100 g, it will not be possible to exhibit a silk-like squeak or silky sound. No conventional silk-like synthetic fiber fabric had this value of less than 100 g.

Here, the stick-slip width measured by the friction method is calculated by placing a piece of fabric to be measured flat on a board with a smooth surface without wrinkles, and then placing a piece of fabric on a smooth surface with an area of 4 x 9 cl on top of it.
When the fabric is attached to a load of magnitude I+, the friction area is 36
cm2. Load 63g/cm2. It is determined by moving at a friction speed S Cy and measuring the friction stress at this time.

Here, the meaning of load 63 g10 II2 corresponds to the force applied to the fingers of two people when they put cloth together with their fingers and listen to the sound of clothes shifting. Namely.

As shown in FIG. 7, the difference K between the average values of the maximum and minimum values of the friction force curve is defined as the stick-slip width. This value physically represents the difference between static friction force and dynamic friction force. Figure 7 shows the friction force curves of fabrics with the same structure, (
]) is the product of the present invention, (2) is real silk.

(3) shows a conventional silk-like polyester fiber.

Next, in the present invention, as the B component of the composite synthetic fiber.

Possible polymers include polyamide, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, and polyurethane, among which polyester polymers are effective. In other words, it is a general silk-like synthetic fabric.

In the dyeing process, it is treated with alkali and processed to give it the drape and resilience of real silk fabric.

In the present invention, polyester filament fibers containing ethylene terephthalate as a main component are desirable in order to facilitate texture adjustment.

Further, the A component is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer that is compatible with the B component, does not easily split, and has higher hydrophilicity than the B component, but preferably has a higher solubility than the B component. Polymers with high For example, when trying to obtain the grooves as shown in FIG. 6, which are the object of the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 5, a thread in which the A component is compounded into the B component in a wedge shape is used.

After this yarn is made into a fabric, it is treated under conditions where the dissolution rate of the JA acid component is higher than that of the B component, so that grooves can be easily formed in the inner direction of the fibers as shown in FIG.

In the fabric of the present invention, the fibers having the wedge-shaped cross section and known fibers may be used in any combination.

[Actions and effects of the present invention]

1 to 4 show cross-sectional views of an example of the composite synthetic fiber filament yarn of the present invention. That is, FIG. 1 shows an example of two grooves with a round cross section, FIG. 2 shows an example of four grooves with a round cross section, FIG. 3 shows an example of three grooves with a three-lobed cross section, and FIG. 4 shows an example of five grooves with a many-leaf cross section. The inside of the groove is made up of Component A, which is more hydrophilic than the outer surface of Component B, which, together with the capillary effect of the groove, increases the water diffusivity in the fabric.

Moreover, the surface of the fabric, which is easy to touch the skin, is mainly composed of the hydrophobic component B, and does not cause discomfort such as stickiness. The grooves have the effect of changing the frictional properties and suppressing the waxy state, particularly the slimy feeling when wet, which has been considered a drawback of conventional synthetic fibers, and also providing a squeaky and supple feel at the same time. In addition, hydrophilic polymers generally have low dye fastness, especially friction fastness of dyed products, but in the present invention, the fiber cross-sectional structure has almost no hydrophilic components on the surface of the fabric, so there are relatively few problems. . The hydrophilic component A in the present invention is.

Because it exists in a limited state, it can fibrillate like a uniform blend throughout the fiber,
Unlike those that exist in a core-sheath state, they do not have the disadvantages of decreased color development and slow release rate of absorbed water, that is, low drying rate.

The inside of the groove of the present invention has many fine irregularities compared to the outer surface of the B component of the fiber, and the groove portions are arranged so as to appear on the surface of the fabric.

Unique reflection and absorption of light to enhance two-color development.

By changing the reflectance of light depending on the viewing angle, a glossy window with a quality similar to silk can be obtained. What is the cross-sectional shape of the groove?

The width of the entrance of the groove part is 0.4 to 2.0 microns, and the depth is 0.
A range of 3 to 2.0 microns is preferable, but if this shape is used, it is possible to obtain high color depth and color development, which are the objectives of the present invention, and at the same time, the effect of exhibiting silk-like squeaking can be obtained.

The woven fabric containing the composite synthetic fiber filament yarn of the present invention can be produced, by way of example, as follows.

At the time of melt spinning, the B component has a cross section as shown in Figure 5, and the A component, which is more hydrophilic and more soluble in solvents than the B component, is melt-spun into a wedge-shaped composite fiber inside the B component. shall be. Next, stretching (uniform stretching, non-uniform stretching, cold stretching, hot stretching, post-stretching heat treatment, etc.), false twisting, stretch false twisting, pre-twist false twisting, false twisting and additional twisting.

A yarn suitable for the desired product is obtained by appropriately selecting known processing such as actual twisting or dissolving and removing part of the A component in the yarn, or yarn dyeing treatment. After that, it is woven and refined.

The product of the present invention is obtained through known processing such as strong embossing, heat setting, dissolving and removing part of the A component and B component with a textile, dyeing, and finishing. The shape of the grooves is important in order to obtain the object fabric of the present invention, and when obtaining the grooves as shown in FIG. 6 by dissolving and removing mainly the component A of the composite fiber shown in FIG. Selection of A and B components during spinning, composite form of A and B components.

It is important to select the conditions for dissolving and removing component A. In order to easily dissolve and remove the A component and to create and adjust the texture of the fabric in the current dyeing process, the composite synthetic fiber is a polyester filament fiber whose main component is ethylene terephthalate. Component B is preferably a component having different solvent solubility, particularly different dissolution rate to alkali.

Furthermore, the woven fabric of the present invention can be used for Western clothing, Japanese clothing, thin fabrics, and thick fabrics.

It is useful regardless of whether it is printed or plain dyed. In other words, 2 habutae, twill, satin, voile, georgette crepe, de chine crepe.

Palace crepe, willow crepe, double crepe.

Strong linen fabrics such as chiffon and crepe, as well as two-piece fabrics.

Fabrics with varying textures using 椴子, Koma-Zhushi, crest design, silk, shioze, pongee, jacquard, dobby, etc.

It is effective and applicable to a wide range of tissues and textiles.

Furthermore, the fiber of the present invention can be mixed with any other filament,
Intertwisting, interweaving or intertwisting with any other spun yarn or composite yarn,
The effect can also be obtained with mixed woven fabrics.

Next, a detailed explanation will be given using examples.

Example 1 Component B was ordinary polyethylene terephthalate, component A was 10 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate in a 10 mol ratio, and 5 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 10 mol% polyethylene glycol. Using blended polyethylene terephthalate, the cross-sectional shape is trilobal, and the A component is combined at the three tips of the trilobal.
The composite ratio of component and B component was 25:75 by weight, and the composite was spun and drawn to obtain a composite polyester filament yarn of 75 denier and 66 filaments. Here, single component fiber filament yarns containing only component A and component B are melt-spun in advance.

The official moisture content of the A-component single filament yarn obtained by drawing was 09%, and the official moisture content of the B-component single filament yarn was 04%. Furthermore, the drawn yarns of component A and component B were subjected to a total weight reduction treatment of 27% with an alkaline aqueous solution.

In the alkali treatment under the same conditions, the A-component-only yarn had a higher weight loss rate than the B-component-only yarn (27%. When the external appearance of the fiber after weight loss was observed using an electron microscope, it was found that the fiber surface of the B-component yarn had a higher weight loss rate than that of the B-component yarn alone. In contrast, the A-component single yarn became a porous fiber with a long shape in the fiber axis direction both on the surface and inside of the fiber.

Using the composite polyester filament yarn 75 tenier and 6 filaments, the warp yarn is 200 T/l in the S direction.
A twist of n is inserted, and the weft yarns are virtually untwisted, and the density is 138 yarns/1n vertically and 118 yarns/square horizontally.

2/2 twill weave. This gray fabric was subjected to the usual polyester fabric processing steps of relaxing scouring, intermediate setting, alkali weight loss treatment, dyeing, and finishing setting to obtain the fabrics shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 A trilobal cross-section filament yarn of conventional polyester fiber was woven with the same design as the fabric of the present invention.
Comparative Example 2 is a commercially available genuine silk 2/2 twill fabric with a design similar to the fabric of the present invention.

The resulting decomposed yarn of the present invention was observed under an enlarged microscope cross-sectional view and an enlarged image of the appearance of the fabric using an electron microscope. As shown in Figure 6, the cross-sectional shape is trilobal, with the A component at each tip forming a continuous groove in the fiber axis direction, and the surface of the A component forming the groove is finely uneven compared to the B component. It has a shape with many fine cavities along the fiber axis, and some of the grooves are arranged facing the outer surface of the fabric, and the width of the entrance of the groove part is 1.6 mm.
The groove depth was 0.7 microns.

As shown in Table 1, this fabric was compared with the conventional fabric using polyester fiber of Comparative Example 1 and the fabric using real silk of Comparative Example 2, and its water absorption, squeaky feeling, and color development were measured. The woven fabric of the present invention had water absorption time and stick-slip width equal to or higher than that of real silk, had water absorption and a squeaky feeling, and had a low black dyeing value, so-called a woven fabric with high color development. In addition, when a beige-dyed product of this fabric was sewn into a women's blouse and tested on actual wear, the diffusion rate and drying rate of sweat were higher than that of the conventional polyester fiber fabric of Comparative Example 1, even though it absorbed sweat. It was relatively non-sticky and had a smooth and gentle texture. Other silk-like luster, drape,
The product had a nice texture and an excellent appearance.

Table 1 Note 1) Width of the entrance of the groove and depth of the groove: Take an enlarged microscopic photograph of the disintegrated yarn of the fabric as shown in Figure 6, and measure the width of the entrance of the groove M'L using a caliper from the 2000 times enlarged photograph. ' and the groove depth Q/P/.

Note 2) L value of black dyed fabric: Measure the L value of saturated black dyed fabric using a digital colorimetric color difference calculator manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. high).

Example 2 Normal polyethylene terephthalate was used as the B component, and a joint polymerized polyester with 10 moles of ethylene glycol and 90 moles of ethylene terephthalate was used as the A component.The cross-sectional shape was trilobal, and the A component was composited at the three tips of the trilobes. The composite ratio of component A and component B is 20: by weight.
A composite polyester filament yarn of 50 denier, 24 filaments and 75 denier, 36 filaments was obtained. Here, the official moisture content of the A component single filament yarn obtained by melt spinning and drawing single component fiber filament yarn containing only the A component and only the B component is 1.2%.

The official moisture content of the B-component single filament yarn was 0.4%. Furthermore, the single threads of component A and component B were treated with an aqueous alkali solution to reduce the total weight by about 27 mm. In the alkali treatment under the same conditions, the A-component-only yarn had a higher weight loss rate than the B-component-only yarn, and when the appearance of the fibers after the two-component 27 weight loss was observed using an electron microscope, it was found that the fiber surface of the B-component yarn had a higher weight loss rate. While it was only slightly rough compared to the previous yarn, the A component single yarn became a porous fiber with a long shape in the fiber axis direction both on the surface and inside of the fiber.

Two habutae using the composite polyester filament yarns 50 denier and 75 denier, Fuji silk.

The fabric was woven into satin georgette crepe and subjected to the following two usual polyester fabric processing steps: relaxing scouring, intermediate setting, alkali weight loss treatment, dyeing, and finishing setting to obtain a finished fabric. Here, Habutae uses 50 denier yarn for the warp and weft yarns, has a twist of 250 T0n in the S direction, and has a plain weave density of 94 yarns/in in the vertical direction and 96 $/in in the horizontal direction.

Fuji silk uses 180 T0n in the S direction of two 75 denier threads twisted together for the warp and weft threads, and the density is 70 threads/in.
+ Plain weave with 60 wefts/ln.

The satin georgette crepe uses a real weft thread of 50 denier in the vertical direction and 200 T0n in the S direction, and a weft thread of 75 denier in the S direction and a temporary twist number of 34 in the S direction with a tip weft of 750 T0n.
40 T0n and tip twist Z direction 750 T0n has a tentative twist number Z direction of 3440 T0n's tentative twist temperature 220°C is used alternately, and the vertical density is 227 threads/1n.

It was made of 5-ply satin with a width of 87 pieces/in.

Table 2 shows the woven fabric of the present invention and trilobal cross-section filament yarns of conventional polyester fibers, which were woven with the same design as the woven fabric of the present invention.
The fabric properties of Comparative Example 1, which was dyed and processed, and Comparative Example 2, which is a commercially available real silk fabric with a design similar to the fabric of the present invention, are shown. An enlarged cross-sectional photograph of the fabric of the present invention was observed using a decomposition microscope and an enlarged photograph of the appearance of the fabric using an electron microscope. As shown in Figure 5, the cross-sectional shape of Habutae, Fuji silk's warp and weft yarn, and satin georgette's warp are trilobal, with the A component at each tip forming a continuous groove in the fiber axis direction. The surface of component A, which forms the fabric, has a finely uneven shape compared to component B, and has many fine cavities along the fiber axis, and some of the grooves are arranged facing the outer surface of the fabric. was. The weft of satin georgette has a slightly deformed fiber cross section and groove shape due to temporary twisting.

It had almost the same characteristics as other woven yarns.

All of the fabrics of the present invention had water absorption times and stake slip widths comparable to that of real silk, and were fabrics with excellent water absorption and squeaky feel compared to conventional it''-lead ester fiber filament yarn fabrics.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 4 show examples of cross-sectional shapes of fibers used in the fabric of the present invention. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show examples of a composite fiber cross section and a composite grooved fiber cross section when manufacturing the woven fabric of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows friction force measurement data of the present invention. A: Groove component B: Width of nistic slip in the basic component G: Fiber center of gravity Boundary point on the outer periphery of LEA component and B component L': Groove entrance M: Boundary on the outer periphery of A component and B component - difference point M': Entrance of the groove 1q: Intersection of line PQ and line ML P: Vertex p/ of A component, midpoint of line M/L/ Q: Point closest to the fiber center of gravity of A component Q': Center of fiber gravity of the groove Patent applicant Azuma Shi Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a woven fabric using composite synthetic fiber filament yarn, the cross-sectional shape of the single fiber of the composite synthetic fiber has a wedge-shaped groove portion in the inner direction of the fiber, and the inside of the groove portion is smaller than the outer layer portion of the fiber. The fiber has a higher hydrophilic component, and the inside of the groove portion exhibits a higher fine unevenness shape than the outer layer portion of the fiber, and the groove portion is arranged so that it also appears on the surface of the fabric. Water absorption time by dripping method is 10
A composite synthetic fiber fabric characterized in that the stick-slip width is 100 g or more when measured by a fabric friction method. (2) The width of the entrance of the groove part is 04 to 2.0 microns. Composite synthetic fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth is in the range of 03 to 02 microns. (3) The composite synthetic fiber fabric according to claim (1), wherein the composite synthetic fiber filament yarn is a polyester filament fiber containing ethylene terephthalate as a main component.