JPS5886025A - Synthetic resin film for mulching - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a synthetic resin film for mulching, and more specifically to a mulching film for promoting the growth of useful plants and suppressing pests that parasitize useful plants. This invention relates to a synthetic resin film for use.

Conventionally, when cultivating useful plants such as vegetables, flowers, and grains, the ground for cultivating useful plants was covered with a transparent or translucent flexible synthetic resin film, and holes were formed in the covered film. The so-called mulching cultivation method, in which a seed is sown in a field or a seedling is planted in a field, is widely practiced.

When using a cultivation method that uses mulching film,
It has the following advantages:

(b) It is possible to prevent moisture from evaporating from the soil surface and prevent soil from drying out.

(b) It is possible to prevent the active ingredients present in the soil from being washed away by rainwater.

(c) Destruction of the aggregate structure of the soil due to rainwater can be prevented, and the three-phase distribution of the solid phase, gas phase, and liquid phase of the soil can be preferably maintained.

2) It prevents soil particles from flying up due to rainwater, wind, etc., so the useful plants being cultivated do not become contaminated.

(e) Preventing the growth of weeds.

In the cultivation method using such a mulching film, especially for the purpose of early shipping of useful plants, even when accelerated cultivation is carried out in a cage or tunnel during the low temperature period, the underground temperature is suitable for the growth of useful plants. There is a problem that it does not rise to a sufficient level.

In order to solve such problems, Jikosho≠f-263
As described in Publication No. 6, heating wires may be placed under the mulching film, or electricity or oil may be used to increase the air temperature in the greenhouse or tunnel, or underground Various improvements have been attempted, such as raising the temperature of the ground by passing hot air or hot water through pipes buried in the ground. However, in either case, there are problems in terms of workability and economy.

On the other hand, in order to eliminate cattle aphids, whiteflies, etc. that parasitize cultivated useful plants, it has been put into practical use to use synthetic resin films coated with metals such as aluminum as mulching films. Although metallized films are suitable for use in summer, they have the problem of not increasing the temperature of the ground because they reflect sunlight at a high rate, making them unsuitable for use outside of summer.

Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies with the aim of increasing the soil temperature of the soil for cultivating useful plants to promote plant growth, and to suppress pests that parasitize these useful plants. When a synthetic resin film is colored in a specific color and has a solar transmittance within a specific range and is used for mulching, the above objectives are met.
The present inventors have discovered that this can be accomplished, and have completed the present invention.

Therefore, the gist of the present invention is to provide a mulching film made of a flexible synthetic resin film that covers the ridges for cultivating useful plants, the entirety of which is colored red, and
A synthetic resin film for mulching is characterized in that the total light transmittance is adjusted to fall within the range of 30 to 70%.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The mulching film according to the present invention is made of a flexible synthetic resin film. Examples of flexible synthetic resin films include films made of soft compounded polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyamides, polyesters, and the like. The flexible synthetic resin film is not limited to those exemplified above.

There are no particular restrictions on the film manufacturing method, including T-die extrusion,
It can be manufactured by conventionally known methods such as inflation molding and calendar molding.

There are no particular restrictions on the thickness of the synthetic resin film, but it is several microns-0,! ;It is better to set it within the dragon's range.

The width of the synthetic resin film can be appropriately selected within the range of several tens of centimeters to several meters.

The mulching film according to the present invention needs to be colored red. The reason why the insects are colored red is to avoid this color and prevent them from approaching useful plants, and also because the red color, which activates the photosynthetic reaction of cultivated crops, is selectively reflected on the leaves of cultivated crops. . To color a synthetic resin film, a coloring agent may be added to the base synthetic resin when the synthetic resin film is manufactured, or a coloring agent may be applied after the film is manufactured.

For coloring red, any pigment or dye that exhibits a red color can be used without limitation. Specific examples of red pigments or dyes include the following, but it goes without saying that they are not limited to the exemplified ones.

Standard Name C1 Work No. 1 Para Red /2070 Permanent Red FRR/2310 Lake Red IR/2/20 Permanent Red R/201! Brilliant First Scarlet /23/! Virazoron Red, Do B 2//20 Little Red /J't30 Ru Killed C
issza5 Brilliant Carmine IB /szaSO Lakebold 10B
/J'♂g.

Valve handle −
Congo Red D/R27 Acid Fast Red 3 G A/R/Brilliant Scarlet 3RA/R/1 Brilliant Scarlet
RA/R73 Acid Anthracene Red 3B D
/Rf Taashi Red R8, D/R Tata Days Birth Scarlet B D/R/Disperse Red RD/R17 The mulching film according to the present invention is colored red, and further has a total light transmittance i in the range of 30 to 70%. It needs to be adjusted so that it falls into the fourth category. Here, "total light transmittance" is calculated by using a luminometer that measures the illuminance of sunlight, using sunlight as a light source, measuring the illuminance before and after covering the light-receiving surface with a sample film, and using the following formula. refers to value.

(Here, T is the illuminance after coating with the sample film (IX
)a means, and To means the illuminance (IX)'e before the light receiving surface is covered with the sample film. ) Adjusting the total light transmittance of the mulching film according to the present invention so that it falls within the range of 30 to 70% means that the mulching film does not completely block sunlight, but allows it to reach the ground and is used to raise soil temperature. This is to make it possible to do so.

Using the mulching film according to the present invention.

To cultivate useful plants, first plow the ground for cultivating useful plants in the open ground or in a greenhouse, create ridges, cover some or all of these ridges with a mulching film, and insert the edges of the film into the soil. fill in. Next, 1. Holes of an appropriate diameter are made on the surface of the mulching film at appropriate intervals, and seeds are sown or seedlings are planted in the ridges through the holes. Then,
It may be cultivated according to the usual cultivation method for sown or transplanted plants.

When cultivating useful plants using the mulching film according to the present invention, in addition to all the effects of cultivating using the mulching film, the following effects are also achieved, and the industrial value is high. It is extremely large.

(1) When using the mulching film according to the present invention, since the film is colored red, pests can be prevented from flying to or crawling onto useful plants by avoiding this color.

(2) The present invention (the mulching film according to the present invention is colored red, so it selectively reflects the red light that activates photosynthesis of cultivated crops on the leaf surface of cultivated crops, and as a result, the growth of crops is promoted. Ru.

(3) Since the mulching film according to the present invention adjusts the transmittance of sunlight within a certain range, the sunlight can reach the ground, and the effect of increasing the soil temperature can be expected.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples, but the gist of the present invention will be explained below. However, it is not limited to the following examples.

Examples and Comparative Examples (Preparation of sample film) Permanent Red R was blended into polyethylene (Mitsubishi Yuka ■, Yucalon YK-30) in the proportions shown in Table 1, and the resin and colorant were tumbled. Mixed uniformly with a mixer. This mixture was kneaded with an extruder and extruded through an inflation die to prepare a film with a thickness of 20 microns (Film I-Film 7).

A film with a thickness of 10 microns on which aluminum is vapor-deposited is referred to as film g.

For each film, a Tokyo Kogaku illuminance meter ('ro
Table 1 also shows the results of measuring the total light transmittance using pcoN spnee7/)i. .

Table 1 (Plant Cultivation Test) Compound chemical 3-10-10 was applied to the soil with a loop of 7 m' and tilled, and the ridge width was 70 CIrL and the ridge spacing was 30 cyu.
, a comb with g ridges of tA height l0CIrL and ridge length l1m. Each ridge was covered with one mulching film of a width of 0.5 cm, and the edges of the film were buried in the soil. Next, the diameter IC is placed at the center of each ridge.
m hole, -row'! Perforations were made at OCR intervals.

Into this perforated area, all seeds of Japanese Kagakuzume (Tokyo Wase) were sown on June 2, 1943. On June 30th.

We counted the degree of growth of the key nails and the number of pests that were parasitic on them.
It is shown in Table 2.

In Table 2, ``growth status'' is expressed as an average value per 70 plants, and ``degree of pest infestation'' is determined by pulling out 1.0 plant plants, placing them in a polyethylene bag, and sealing them. The number of insect pests (adult insects) that fell into a polyethylene bag after being left for days.

In addition, remove insect insects (adult insects) attached to leaves, stems, etc. with a paintbrush dipped in ethanol, count the number of insects that have fallen on each plant, and calculate the average value per plant. means.

From Table 2, the following becomes clear.・(1) A red colored film was used as mulching (Film L-Film T).

Compared to the one using transparent film (film 7),
The degree of parasiticism of the stationary type is low. However, a film with a light degree of red coloring (film 1) is not sufficient to suppress pest infestation.

(2) Although the vapor-deposited film (film g) suppresses the infestation of pests, it completely blocks the transmission of sunlight, so
Soil temperature does not rise easily, and crop growth is poor.

(3) Even if the film is colored red, the film that transmits a small percentage of sunlight (film t) is more likely to be used for crops than other red films that allow sunlight to pass through, perhaps because it does not increase the soil temperature. Growth is not good.

(4) Colored red, total light transmittance of sunlight is 30
Films in the range of ~70% (film λ to film j) suppress pest infestation and also promote crop growth.

Applicant: Mitsubishi Monsanto Chemicals Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Haseyo (7 others)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A mulching film made of a flexible synthetic resin film that covers the ridges in which useful plants are cultivated, the whole of which is colored red and has a total light transmittance of 30 to 70%.
A synthetic resin film for mulching, characterized in that it is adjusted to fall within the range of.