JPH1189367A - Rhizome harvester and back-facing carrier therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject harvester, allowing efficient harvesting treatment by designing its back-facing carrier in such a way to keep its carrying function protected from stem and leaf pieces entangled in the carrier or its periphery. SOLUTION: This harvester is provided with (A) a pulling-out/carrying device 5 in the front, (B) a back-facing carrier 9 equipped with a steering handle 31 in the rear, the carrier 9 extending backward almost horizontally from the lower front of the device 5, and (C) a cutter between the device 5 and carrier 9. The carrier 9 is also equipped with belts to carry stem and leaf pieces while holding them in-between and scraper in the rear, which separates the stem and leaf pieces from the belts.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rhizome harvester for extracting and harvesting onions, carrots and the like planted in rows on a ridge, and a rearward transport device as a component thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pull-out transfer device is provided at a front portion, and a steering handle is provided at a rear portion. A rearward transfer device is provided substantially horizontally rearward from a lower front portion of the pull-out transfer device. There are rhizome harvesters with a cutting device in between.

[0003] In this harvester, the pulling and conveying device pulls the onion and the like from the ridge surface by sandwiching and raising the foliage such as onion and the like, and on the other hand, the rearward conveying device removes the root (neck) of the foliage and the like. It is pinched and conveyed horizontally rearward, and in this conveyance process, the cutting device cuts the middle of the length of the foliage, and the cut onions and the like fall to the ground via the conveyance end of the backward conveyance device. .

[0004]

In the above-mentioned rhizome-harvesting machine, stems and leaves may be entangled with the working part, and smooth harvesting may be impaired.

[0005] In particular, since a cutting device is provided above the backward conveying device, a cut portion (foliage piece) of the foliage at the time of cutting processing by this cutting device falls on the backward conveying device, and its operating part and the like. It is likely to be caught in the surrounding area and clogged easily. The removal of the clogged foliage pieces is extremely troublesome and troublesome because the backward transport device is located in a low and narrow place.

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a rhizome harvester capable of solving such a problem and a backward conveying device used for the same.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, in the rhizome harvester of the present invention, a pulling and conveying device is provided at the front.
And a rear handle is provided with a steering handle at the rear, and a rearward conveying device is provided substantially horizontally rearward from a lower front portion of the pulling and conveying device, and a rhizome harvester provided with a cutting device between the pulling and conveying device and the rearward conveying device, A scraper is provided at the rear of the backward conveying device to separate the foliage pieces that the holding and conveying belt of the backward conveying device rotates from the belt. At this time, it is preferable that the position of the scraper can be changed with respect to the backward transport device.

According to the above-mentioned harvester, the scraper separates the foliage pieces from the belt before the foliage pieces carried by the nipping conveyor belt reach the clogging point, and removes the foliage pieces to a position where there is no hindrance.

[0009] The rearward transport device is specifically configured as follows. In other words, a pair of guide wheels, which are opposed to each other in front and rear directions and are rotated about a vertical axis, are provided with a main transport portion around which an endless nip transport belt is wrapped, so that the right and left transport main portions are nipped and transported. The belt operates so as to pinch the neck of the foliage of a crop such as onion and convey it rearward.A scraper is provided at the rear of each of the main parts for conveyance, and the scraper is provided on the peripheral surface of the pinch conveyance belt. The structure is such that the attached foliage pieces are separated from the peripheral surface.

More specifically, a cover plate is provided on the nipping / conveying belt for each of the essential parts of the conveyance, and a scraping unit located at a peripheral portion of the nipping / conveying belt; A scraper having an overhang guide portion positioned at a height between the upper side surface of the nipping and conveying belt is provided at a rear portion of each of the main transporting portions, and the scraper adheres to a peripheral surface of the nipping and conveying belt at a scraping portion. The foliage pieces thus separated are separated from the peripheral surface, and the foliage pieces that are going to enter the space between the cover plate and the nipping and conveying belt by the overhanging guide portion are removed to the outside of the nipping and conveying belt. In this way, both the scraping section and the overhanging guide section prevent clogging of the foliage pieces.

The overhanging guide section is preferably arranged along the peripheral surface of the rear arc-shaped portion of the nipping and conveying belt. With this configuration, the foliage that is going to enter the space between the cover plate and the upper side surface of the nipping and conveying belt is smoothly removed to the outside of the nipping and conveying belt.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a harvester according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertical weeding weed raising device provided at the forefront portion of the fuselage at regular intervals in the left-right direction. In the raising device 1, the foliage of a crop w such as an onion is caused to be caused by the locking projection 1a which is moved obliquely upward f1 (see FIG. 2) while the fuselage is moving.

A root cutting rod 2 extends obliquely forward from the tip of each weed raising device 1. The root cutting rod 2 is used to cut off the foliage of the crop w while the body is in progress, and to cut the root of the crop w in each row at the side.

Numeral 3 denotes a raking device composed of a pair of right and left raking main portions 4, 4 for moving the locking projections 4a of each raking main portion 4 from the outside of the raking device 3 toward the center. Subsequently, by moving it diagonally upward, the foliage w1 caused by the raising device 1 is scraped into the lower center of the raking device 3 and pushed up diagonally upward.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a drawing and conveying device comprising a pair of right and left drawing and conveying main parts 6 and 6. Each pull-out transporting main part 6 has a pull-out transport belt 7 on a pulley opposed on an upwardly inclined line.
Is formed. The transport belts 7, 7 of these main parts 6, 6 are opposed to each other on the left and right, and a space between the belts 7, 7 forms a pull-out transport path k.

The pulling and conveying device 5 receives the relatively upper portion of the foliage stalked by the raking device 3 at the conveying start end of the pulling and conveying path k, and subsequently clamps it with the pulling and conveying belts 7, 7 to obliquely upward f2 ( (See FIG. 2). In this transport process, the crop w of the ridge surface U dug by the lower excavating blades 8, 8 is pulled out from the soil.

Below the pull-out transport device 5, a backward transport device 9 is provided, and as shown in FIG. 3, support plates 9 respectively fixed to pipe frames p1 and p2 forming a part of the body.
It comprises a pair of left and right rearward transport main parts 10, 10 mounted via 1a, 91b. The transport device 9 has almost no front-back inclination and is directed substantially horizontally rearward.

Each of the above-mentioned rearward transport main parts 10 is as follows. That is, a pair of front and rear end pulleys 11, 1
2 on the support plate 91a or 91b,
An endless holding and conveying belt 13 is wrapped around 1 and 12. The left and right nipping and conveying belts 13, 13 are opposed to each other, and a space between the belts 13, 13 forms a conveying path k1 of the foliage w1.

A cover plate 92a or 92b is provided above each of the nipping and conveying belts 13 in the same body as the support plate 91a or 91b. It is mounted so that the position can be adjusted. The scraper 93 is formed by bending a single metal plate and includes a flat scraping portion 93a and an arc-shaped overhanging guide portion 93b as shown in FIG. At this time, the scraping section 93a is located at a specific position on the outer peripheral surface of the nipping and conveying belt 13, and the overhanging guide section 9
3b is the cover plate 92a or 92b and the nipping and conveying belt 13
The belt 13 is positioned along the peripheral surface of the rear arc-shaped portion 13a at a height between the belt 13 and the upper side surface.

As shown in FIG. 2, a cutting device 14 is provided between the pull-out conveying device 5 and the backward conveying device 9, and the cutting device 14 is configured to rotate a disk blade by a motor.

Following the backward conveying device 9, the aligning device 15
Is provided. The main part of the aligning device 15 is provided at the front and rear high and low points so that the pair of pulleys 16 and 17 can be rotated substantially along the vertical surface or the lower part of the pulleys 16 and 17 is inclined to the left. Together with these pulleys 1
An endless conveyor belt 18 is wrapped around 6 and 17, and the rotation of a dedicated electric motor 19 is transmitted to the front pulley 16 as shown in FIG. It is formed to drive to f3.

Between the aligning device 15 and the lower transport device 9, there is provided a transversal transfer device Y between the front and rear. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the side-to-side transfer device Y fixes a star wheel 21 to a rotation center shaft 20 integrated with a pulley 12 on the rear left side of the backward transfer device 9, and The rotation center shaft 2 is located below the pulley 12 on the rear left side.
The guide roller 22 is freely rotatable around zero.

Reference numerals 23a and 23b denote two guide rods which form part of the aligning device 15 and are arranged in relation to the transport path of the backward transport device 9 and are provided below the transport belt 18 so as to oppose each other in the left-right direction. It is a thing. This guide bar 23
a and 23b are fixed at the front end near the lower surface of the rearward conveying device 9 in front of the pulley 12 on the rear left side of the conveying device 9, and gradually rise as they move rearward to form the rearward conveying device 9 and the guide roller. 22 and close to the rearward conveying path k1, and further rearward diagonally rearward along the lower tension portion 18a of the conveying belt 18, and one guide rod 23b is moved toward the rear end. To gradually move the conveyor belt 18 sideways.

Thus, in the aligning device 15, the root-side weight part w2 of the foliage w1 of the crop w is raised to increase the foliage w1.
The guide plate 24 is provided as posture changing means for reducing the bending of the guide plate. The guide plate 24 is fixed to only one of the guide rods 23b, and exists over substantially the entire range from the guide start point to the guide end point.

Reference numeral 25 denotes an engine; 26 and 26, wheels for transmitting the rotation of the engine 25 via a transmission mechanism; 27, a bearing portion for supporting a drive shaft 28 for transmitting the rotation of the engine 25 to the pull-out / conveyance device 5; , 29 are gage wheels for holding the front of the body at an appropriate height, and 30 is a gage wheel 29.
A rotating operation handle for vertically displacing the
31 is a control handle, 32 is a foliage discharge device protruding obliquely rearward from the upper end of the left pull-out and transporting main part 6, and 33 is a front-rear moving through a crank mechanism for oscillating the digging blade 8 around the fulcrum 34. It is a connecting rod.

The left pulling and transporting main part 6, the left scraping main part 4, the left excavating blade 8, and the supporting member 35 for supporting the excavating blade 8 are integrally assembled. This assembly is fixed at the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 in the normal state, while the clogging removal operation can be performed in the non-normal state such as when the foliage w1 or weeds is clogged in the operating portion. As shown in FIG.

At this time, the connecting rod 33 is provided with a hinge joint 36a which can be bent in the middle of its length and an insertion portion 36b which can change its entire length, so that the swing of the assembly is prevented. I am trying not to be.

On each of the right and left sides of the machine body, the space between the upper part of the scraping main part 4 and the upper surface of the pulling and conveying main part 6 is covered by a cover plate 37.
I am wearing it. The cover plate 37 is bent along the semicircular outer periphery of the rear end of each of the rake-in portions 4, and the portion located on the outside of the body is positioned so as to cover the upper portion of the connecting rod 33. is there.

Next, the main operation when the onion w is harvested by the harvester configured as described above will be described. When the airframe runs along the ridge surface U, the weeding and weeding apparatus 1 separates the foliage w1 of the onion w planted in a row on the ridge surface U from the adjacent row, and then the scraping device 3 Scrapes the foliage w1 into the transport start end of the pull-out transport device 5. The pulling and conveying device 5 pinches and conveys the relatively upper part of the foliage w1 that has been scraped, pulls out the onion w, and subsequently conveys it to the rear obliquely upward f2.

The locking projection 4a of the scraping device 3 is connected to the foliage w1.
After being squeezed, at the rear end of each squeezed main part 4, it is moved in an arc shape from the center of the body to the side outward. In this movement, foliage pieces separated from the foliage w1 are removed. The whole onion that has not been properly processed will be carried together.
When the foliage and onion are not provided with the cover plate 92a or 92b, the space around the inner space of the cover plate 92a or 92b (particularly, the main part 4 on the left and right sides).
And the connecting rod 33), and the operation of the scraping device 3 is impaired. However, in this embodiment, since the cover plate 92a or 92b exists, the cover plate 9
2a or 92b guides the foliage pieces to the outside of the fuselage and drops them to the ground, so that the above-mentioned obstacles due to the retention of the foliage pieces do not occur.

The onion w conveyed by the pull-out conveyance device 5 is supplied with the neck of the foliage w1 to the conveyance start end of the backward conveyance device 9, and thereafter the nipping conveyance belts 13, 13 are moved to the foliage w.
1 and is conveyed substantially horizontally rearward.

During the transport by the pull-out transport device 5 and the backward transport device 9, the pull-out transport device 5 pulls the foliage w1 upward, while the backward transport device 9 pulls the nipping transport belt 1
The ball portion w2, which is the weight portion on the root side, is locked via 3 and 13 to prevent the ball portion w2 from rising. Accordingly, the pull-out transport device 5 applies a pulling force to the foliage w1 located between the pull-out transport device 9 and the backward transport device 9 to bring the foliage w1 into a tensioned state.

When the transport of the foliage w1 by such a backward transport device 9 or the like progresses, the cutting device 1 in this transport process.
4 cuts the foliage w1 at a fixed height position. At the time of this cutting process, a large number of foliage pieces separated from the foliage part w1 fall on the nipping transport belts of the respective rearward transport essential parts 10, and are transported backward along with the movement.

When the left and right nipping and conveying belts 13, 13 move around the rear end pulley 12, the foliage pieces conveyed along with the belt 13 end between the cover plate 92 a or 92 b and the belt 13. There is a case where the user tries to intrude toward the rotation center of the pulley 13, but the overhang guide portion 93b
Guides the foliage pieces to the outside of the belt 13 and drops them. Some foliage pieces are transported in a state of being attached to the outer peripheral surface of the belt 13. It is scraped off the belt 13 and dropped. Therefore, the foliage does not reach the conventional foliage clogging locations such as the center of rotation of the end pulley 12 and the location m1 where the belt tensioning mechanism is present, as in the related art, and the foliage clogging at these locations is prevented. You.

At this time, it is important that the scraping section 93a is close to the nipping and conveying belt 13, but this close state can be easily changed by moving the scraper 93 back and forth through bolts and nuts.

On the other hand, the onion w from which the upper part of the stem and leaf portion w1 has been cut and removed by the cutting device 14 is conveyed to the backward conveying device 9 and eventually reaches the relaying device Y. Before reaching the transfer end point of the backward transfer device 9, the foliage w 1 having reached the transfer device Y is connected to the front end portion of the left sandwiching transfer belt 13 or the guide rods 23 a and 23 b shown in FIG. In the course of this conveyance, the foliage w1 is engaged by the star wheel 21 and the ball w2 is guided by the guide roller 22.

At this time, the foliage w1 is a star wheel 2
The ball portion w2 is moved rearward on the left side along the arc of the outer circumference of 1, while the ball portion w2 is smoothly moved rearward in contact with the peripheral surface of the guide roller 22, so that the onion w is surely brought to the sideways posture.

The foliage w1 that has been laid down in this way is fed by the conveying belt 18 and the guide rods 23a,
After being held between the flaps 23b, the conveyor belt 18
7 is conveyed obliquely downward and rearward while being pressed from above onto the guide rods 23a and 23b as shown in FIG. 7. During this conveyance, the ball w2 is suspended by the foliage w1. Is guided by the guide plate 24, and is gradually pushed to the right side so as to be gradually raised.

When the ball portion w2 reaches the transport end of the aligning device 15, the bent portion of the neck portion of the foliage portion w1 is relaxed even if the falling posture of the stem portion w1 does not change. Then, it is released in this posture and dropped on the ridge surface U.

Such an operation is performed continuously for each onion w which is pulled out while the machine is in progress, and the harvested onion w is in a constant sideways posture on the ridge surface U of the running trace of the machine. Are aligned.

The tip of the foliage w1 separated by the cutting device 14 is further transported upward by the pull-out transport device 5 and then laterally transported by the foliage discharge device 32, where the flutes on the side of the machine body are provided. Is dropped to.

[0042]

According to the present invention described above, when the foliage of the crop to be harvested is cut by the cutting device, the foliage pieces separated from the foliage are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the nipping transport belt of the backward transport device. If the foliage is attached and transported together, the foliage pieces will be sequentially removed by the scraper.Therefore, the conventional situation that the foliage pieces are entangled in or around the backward-facing transport device and impair its transport function. No longer occurs, and efficient harvesting can be performed.

Further, since the scraper can be located near the operator having the steering handle, the clogging of the scraper with foliage pieces and the cleaning can be easily performed during harvesting.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the overhanging guide section removes the foliage pieces that are going to enter between the cover plate of the main part of the backward transport and the nipping transport belt, so that the foliage pieces are moved backward. Or, the situation that the transport function is impaired by being entangled in the periphery thereof is more reliably prevented, and the harvesting process can be performed more efficiently.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to smoothly remove the foliage pieces that are going to enter between the cover plate of the main part of the backward transport and the sandwiching transport belt. According to this, the scraper can be easily operated in the optimum state even when the surrounding conditions change.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rhizome harvester for onions and the like according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the harvester.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a scraper attached to a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 6 is a view of a main part of the harvester as viewed from the rear.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the onion is nipped and conveyed by a conveyance belt and a guide rod in the main part.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 5 pull-out conveying device 9 rearward conveying device 10 main portion of rearward conveying 11, 12 end pulley (guide wheel) 13 clamping conveyance belt 13a rear arc-shaped portion of clamping conveyance belt 13 cutting device 31 steering handle 92a, 92b cover plate 93 scraper 93a scraping section 93b overhanging guide section w onion w1 foliage

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A pull-out conveying device is provided at a front portion, and a steering handle is provided at a rear portion. A backward-facing conveying device is provided substantially horizontally rearward from a lower front portion of the pull-out conveying device. A rhizome harvesting machine provided with a cutting device, wherein a scraper for separating the foliage pieces that the holding and conveying belt of the backward conveying device is rotated from the belt is provided at a rear portion of the backward conveying device. Harvester. 2. A pair of guide wheels, which are opposed to each other in front and rear directions and are rotated around a longitudinal axis, are provided with a main transporting portion around an endless nipping transport belt in a left-to-right opposing configuration. A conveying device that operates so as to pinch the neck of the foliage of a crop such as onion and convey it rearward, wherein a scraper is provided at a rear portion of each of the main transporting portions, and the scraper is a A rearward conveying device used in a rhizome harvesting machine, which separates foliage attached to the peripheral surface from the peripheral surface. 3. A pair of guide wheels, which are opposed to each other in front and rear directions and are rotated around a longitudinal axis, around an endless nipping transport belt, and a main transport portion having a cover plate provided on the belt is formed into a left-right facing configuration. A conveying device that is arranged so that the nipping and conveying belts of the main parts on the left and right sides operate so as to pinch the neck of the foliage of a crop such as onion and convey it rearward, and the peripheral portion of the nipping and conveying belt. A scraper provided with a scraping portion positioned at a height between the cover plate and the upper side surface of the nipping and conveying belt, and a scraper provided at a rear portion of each of the main transporting portions. In the main transport portion, the foliage pieces adhering to the peripheral surface of the nipping and conveying belt are separated from the peripheral surface by the scraping section, and the foliage pieces that are going to enter between the cover plate and the nipping and conveying belt by the overhanging guide portion are removed. Move out of the nipping transport belt A lower conveying device used in a rhizome harvesting machine, characterized in that: 4. The backward conveying device used in a rhizome harvester according to claim 3, wherein the overhanging guide portion is arranged along the peripheral surface of the rear arc-shaped portion of the nipping and conveying belt. 5. A scraper is provided so as to be capable of adjusting the position of a scraper relative to a backward transport device.
5. The lower conveying device of the rhizome harvester according to 2, 3 or 4.