JP3408407B2 - Rhizome harvester and backward conveying device used for the same - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rhizome harvesting machine for pulling out and harvesting onions and carrots planted in rows on a ridge, and a backward conveying device as a component thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pull-out transfer device is provided at a front part, and a steering handle is provided at a rear part, and a backward-direction transfer device is provided from a lower front part of the pull-out transfer device toward a substantially horizontal rear direction. There is a rhizome harvester with a cutting device in between.

[0003] In this harvester, the pulling and conveying device sandwiches the stems and leaves of the onion or the like and pulls it upward to pull up the onion or the like from the ridge surface, while the backward conveying device causes the base (neck) of the stem and leaves to be pulled out. It is sandwiched and conveyed horizontally, and in this conveying process, the cutting device cuts the middle of the length of the foliage part, and the cut onion and the like are dropped to the ground via the conveying end of the backward conveying device. .

[0004]

In the above-mentioned rhizome harvesting machine, the foliage may be entangled with the operating part, impairing the smooth harvesting process.

In particular, since there is a cutting device above the backward conveying device, when the cutting process of the cutting device causes a cut end (stem leaf piece) of the foliage portion to fall onto the backward conveying device, its operating portion and It is apt to be caught in a peripheral portion of this and to be clogged. The removal of such clogged foliage pieces is extremely troublesome and time-consuming because the backward conveying device is low and is located in a narrow space.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a rhizome harvester capable of solving such problems and a backward conveying device used therefor.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, in the rhizome harvester of the present invention, a pulling and conveying device is provided at the front part.
And in the rhizome harvester equipped with a steering handle in the rear part, provided with a rearward-conveying device from the lower front part of the pulling-out conveying device toward the substantially horizontal rear, and providing a cutting device between the pulling-out conveying device and the backward-conveying device, A scraper for separating the foliage pieces carried by the sandwiching conveyor belt of the backward conveying device from the belt is installed at the rear part of the backward conveying device. At this time, it is preferable that the scraper be adjustable in position with respect to the backward conveying device.

According to the above harvester, the scraper separates the foliage pieces from the belt and removes the foliage pieces from the belt before the foliage pieces entrained by the sandwiching and conveying belt reach the clogging point.

The above-mentioned rearward conveying device is specifically constructed as follows. That is, a pair of guide wheels that are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction and are rotated about the vertical axis are provided with the main transportation parts around which an endless nip-conveying belt is wound so as to face each other in the left-right direction. The belt operates so as to sandwich the neck portion of the foliage of crops such as onion and convey it to the rear, and a scraper is provided at the rear part of each of the conveyance main parts, and this scraper is provided on the peripheral surface of the sandwiching conveyance belt. The structure is such that the attached foliage pieces are separated from this peripheral surface.

More specifically, each of the main transporting parts is not provided with a cover plate on the sandwiching and conveying belt, and the scraping part is located at a peripheral surface of the sandwiching and conveying belt, and the cover plate. A scraper having an overhanging guide portion located at a height between the upper side surface of the nipping and conveying belt is provided at the rear portion of each of the conveying main parts, and the scraper is attached to the peripheral surface of the nipping and conveying belt at the scraping portion. The foliage pieces are separated from this peripheral surface, and the foliage pieces that try to enter the space between the cover plate and the sandwiching and conveying belt by the overhanging guide portion are removed to the outside of the sandwiching and conveying belt. With this configuration, both the scraping portion and the overhanging guide portion prevent clogging of the foliage pieces.

It is preferable that the projecting guide portion is arranged along the peripheral surface of the rear circular arc portion of the nip transport belt. With this configuration, the foliage pieces that try to enter the space between the cover plate and the upper side surface of the nipping and conveying belt are smoothly removed to the outside of the nipping and conveying belt.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a harvester according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertically-rotating type weed raising device which is provided at the front of the machine body at regular intervals in the left-right direction. The raising device 1 is configured to scrape and raise the foliage of a crop w such as onion by a locking projection 1a that is moved obliquely upward f1 (see FIG. 2) while the machine body is moving.

A root cutting rod 2 extends obliquely forward from the tip of each sward raising device 1. The root cutting rod 2 not only scrapes off the foliage of the crop w while the machine is in progress, but also cuts the roots of the crop w of each row laterally.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a scraping device composed of a pair of right and left scraping main parts 4, 4 for moving an engaging projection 4a of each sweeping main part 4 from the outside of the scraping device 3 toward the center. Then, by moving it obliquely upward, the foliage w1 caused by the raising device 1 is scraped to the center of the lower part of the scraping device 3 and pushed upward obliquely.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a pulling and conveying device which is composed of a pair of right and left pulling and conveying main portions 6, 6. Each pulling / conveying main portion 6 has a pulling / conveying belt 7 attached to a pulley which is opposed to the rear rising slant line.
It is formed by multiplying. The conveyor belts 7, 7 of these main portions 6, 6 are opposed to each other on the left and right, and the space between the belts 7, 7 serves as a pull-out conveyor path k.

The pulling / conveying device 5 receives the relatively upper part of the foliage scraped by the scraping device 3 at the conveyance start end of the pulling / conveying route k, and then clamps it by the pulling / conveying belts 7 and obliquely upwards f2 ( (See FIG. 2), and the crop w on the ridge surface U dug up by the lower digging blades 8, 8 is pulled out from the soil in the course of this conveyance.

A backward conveying device 9 is provided below the pull-out conveying device 5 and, as shown in FIG. 3, a support plate 9 fixed to each of the pipe frames p1 and p2 forming a part of the machine body.
It is composed of a pair of left and right rearward conveying main parts 10 and 10 mounted via 1a and 91b. There is almost no inclination of the transport device 9 in the front-rear direction, and the transfer device 9 is oriented substantially horizontally rearward.

Each of the rearward conveying main parts 10 is constructed as follows. That is, a pair of front and rear end pulleys 11, 1
2 is provided on the support plate 91a or 91b, and these pulleys 1
An endless nipping / conveying belt 13 is wound around 1 and 12. The left and right sandwiching and conveying belts 13, 13 are opposed to each other, and a space between these belts 13, 13 serves as a conveying path k1 of the foliage portion w1.

A cover plate 92a or 92b is provided above each holding / conveying belt 13 in the same body as the support plate 91a or 91b. The scraper 93 is attached to the rear side of the cover plate 92a or 92b through a bolt nut in the front-back direction. It is mounted so that its position can be adjusted. The scraper 93 is formed by bending a single metal plate, and has a flat plate-shaped scraping portion 93a and an arc-shaped protruding guide portion 93b as shown in FIG. At this time, the scraping portion 93a is located at a specific position on the outer peripheral surface of the nip conveying belt 13, and the overhang guide portion 9 is provided.
3b is the cover plate 92a or 92b and the nip transport belt 13
It is positioned along the peripheral surface of the rear arc-shaped portion 13a of the belt 13 at a height between the upper side surface of the belt 13 and the rear side arc-shaped portion 13a.

As shown in FIG. 2, a cutting device 14 is provided between the pulling / conveying device 5 and the backward conveying device 9, and the cutting device 14 is adapted to rotate a disc blade by a motor.

Aligning device 15 following rearward-facing transport device 9
Is provided. The main part of the aligning device 15 is provided rotatably in a state in which a pair of pulleys 16 and 17 are arranged substantially vertically along the front and rear high and low parts, or the lower parts of the pulleys 16 and 17 are tilted with the lower part thereof biased to the left. Along with these pulleys 1
An endless conveyor belt 18 is hung around 6, 17 and the rotation of a dedicated electric motor 19 is transmitted to a front pulley 16 as shown in FIG. It is formed so as to drive to f3.

Between the alignment device 15 and the lower transfer device 9, a sideways transfer device Y is provided. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, this overturning transfer device Y fixes a star wheel 21 to a rotation center shaft 20 that is integrally formed with a pulley 12 on the rear left side of a rearward-direction transfer device 9, and at the same time, The rotation center shaft 2 is provided below the pulley 12 on the left side of the rear part.
The guide roller 22 is provided so as to be freely rotated around zero.

Reference numerals 23a and 23b are two guide bars forming a part of the aligning device 15, and are arranged in association with the conveying path of the backward conveying device 9 and provided below the conveying belt 18 so as to oppose each other in the left-right direction. It is a thing. This guide bar 23
a and 23b have their front ends fixed in the vicinity of the lower surface of the rearward-direction conveying device 9 in front of the pulley 12 on the rear left side of the rearward-direction conveying device 9 and gradually raised toward the rear so that the backward-direction conveying device 9 and the guide rollers are guided. 22 and is brought close to the rearward conveying path k1 and is guided obliquely rearward along the lower side tension portion 18a of the conveying belt 18 at the rear side, and one guide rod 23b is moved toward the rear end thereof. It is assumed that it is gradually moved laterally away from the conveyor belt 18.

Therefore, in the aligning device 15, the root side weight part w2 is raised with respect to the foliage part w1 of the crop w, and the foliage part w1.
The guide plate 24 is provided as a posture changing means for alleviating the bending. The guide plate 24 is fixed to only one of the guide rods 23b, and is present over substantially the entire range from the guide start point to the guide end point.

Reference numeral 25 is an engine, 26 and 26 are wheels for transmitting the rotation of the engine 25 through a transmission mechanism, and 27 is a bearing portion supporting a drive shaft 28 for transmitting the rotation of the engine 25 to the pulling and conveying device 5. , 29 are gage wheels to keep the front of the aircraft at an appropriate height, 30 is a gage wheel 29
A rotating operation handle for vertically displacing the
Reference numeral 31 is a steering handle, 32 is a foliage discharging device that is extended obliquely rearward from the upper end of the left pulling and conveying main portion 6, and 33 is a back and forth movement via a crank mechanism for vibrating the excavating blade 8 around a fulcrum 34. It is a connecting rod.

The pulling and conveying main part 6 on the left side, the scraping main part 4 on the left side, the excavating blade 8 on the left side, and the supporting member 35 for supporting the excavating blade 8 are an integrally assembled assembly. This assembly is fixed to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 in the normal state, while the clogging can be removed in the non-regular state such as when the foliage w1 and weeds are stuck in the working part. As described above, it is configured to swing to the position indicated by the virtual line m.

At this time, the connecting rod 33 is provided with a hinge joint 36a which can be bent in the middle of its length and an insertion portion 36b whose length can be changed so that the swing of the assembly is prevented. I'm trying not to let me.

On each of the left and right sides of the machine body, the space between the upper part of the scraping main part 4 and the upper surface of the extracting and conveying main part 6 is a cover plate 37.
Is covered with. The cover plate 37 is bent along the semicircular outer periphery of the rear end portion of each of the scraping essential parts 4, and the portion located on the outside of the machine body is positioned so as to cover above the connecting rod 33. is there.

Next, the main operation when the onion w is harvested by the harvester configured as described above will be described. When the machine body is run along the ridge surface U, the weed raising device 1 separates the foliage w1 of the onion w planted in a row on the ridge surface U from the adjacent row, and then the scraping device 3 The scraper scrapes the foliage portion w1 onto the transport start end of the pull-out transport device 5. The pull-out / conveyance device 5 clamps and conveys the relatively upper portion of the scraped foliage portion w1 to pull out the onion w, and subsequently conveys it obliquely upward to the rear side f2.

The locking projection 4a of the scraping device 3 is a foliage portion w1.
After being scraped, the rear end of each scraping part 4 is moved in an arc shape from the center side of the machine body to the lateral side. At the time of this movement, the stem and leaf pieces separated from the stem and leaf part w1 , The whole onion that has not been successfully processed will be carried with you.
In the case where the cover plate 92a or 92b does not exist, these foliage pieces and onions are surrounded by the space inside the cover plate 92a or 92b (particularly the scraping main part 4 on each of the left and right sides).
Between the connection plate 33 and the connecting rod 33), thereby impairing the operation of the scraping device 3. However, in this embodiment, since the cover plate 92a or 92b is present, this cover plate 9
Since 2a or 92b guides the foliage piece to the outside of the body and drops it to the ground, the above-mentioned obstacle due to the retention of the foliage piece does not occur.

The onion w conveyed by the pulling / conveying device 5 is supplied with the neck of the foliage portion w1 to the conveying start end of the backward conveying device 9, and thereafter, the sandwich conveying belts 13 and 13 are used for the foliage portion w.
It holds the neck of No. 1 and conveys it to the rear in a substantially horizontal direction.

During the conveyance by the pulling / conveying device 5 and the backward conveying device 9, the pulling / conveying device 5 pulls the foliage w1 upward, while the backward conveying device 9 holds the nipping conveying belt 1.
The ball portion w2, which is the root-side weight portion, is locked via 3 and 13 to prevent its rise. Therefore, the pulling and conveying device 5 applies a pulling force to the foliage portion w1 located between the pulling and conveying device 9 and the backward conveying device 9 to bring it into a tensioned state.

When the foliage portion w1 is conveyed by the backward conveying device 9 or the like as described above, the cutting device 1 is moved in the conveying process.
4 cuts the foliage portion w1 at a constant height position. During this cutting process, a large number of foliage pieces separated from the foliage portion w1 drop onto the sandwiching and conveying belt of each rearward conveying main portion 10 and are conveyed rearward along with the movement thereof.

When the left and right holding and conveying belts 13, 13 move around the rear end pulley 12, the foliage pieces conveyed along with the belt 13 end between the cover plate 92a or 92b and the belt 13. There is a case where it tries to enter toward the rotation center of the partial pulley 13, but the overhanging guide portion 93b
Guides the foliage piece to the outside of the belt 13 and drops it. There is also a foliage piece that is conveyed in a state of being attached to the outer peripheral surface of the belt 13, but the foliage piece has the scraping portion 93a. The belt 13 is scraped off and dropped. Therefore, the foliage pieces do not reach the conventional foliage clogging points such as the center of rotation of the end pulley 12 and the point m1 where the belt tensioning mechanism is present as in the conventional case, and the foliage clogging at these points is prevented. It

At this time, it is important that the scraping portion 93a is close to the holding and conveying belt 13, but this close state can be easily changed by moving the scraper 93 back and forth through the bolts and nuts.

On the other hand, the onion w from which the upper part of the foliage w1 has been cut and removed by the cutting device 14 is conveyed to the backward conveying device 9 and eventually falls sideways and reaches the transfer device Y. Before reaching the end point of the backward conveying device 9, the foliage portion w1 that has reached the transferring device Y has the front end portion of the left-side holding conveying belt 13 or the guide rods 23a and 23b shown in FIG. 4 and the conveying belt of the aligning device 15. It is sandwiched by 18 and conveyed to the rear, and in this conveying process, the foliage portion w1 has a locking conveying action by the star wheel 21 and the ball portion w2 has a guiding action by the guide roller 22.

At this time, the foliage w1 is the star wheel 2
The ball w2 is moved rearward to the left along the arc of the outer periphery of 1, while the ball w2 is in contact with the peripheral surface of the guide roller 22 and is smoothly moved rearward, so that the onion w is surely in a sideways posture.

The foliage portion w1 thus laid down sideways is the conveyor belt 18 and the guide rod 23a at the conveying start end of the aligning device 15.
After being pinched with 23b, the conveyor belt 18 is moved to the foliage w.
As shown in FIG. 7, 1 is pressed onto the guide rods 23a and 23b from above and conveyed obliquely downward and rearward. During this conveyance, the ball portion w2 is suspended by the foliage portion w1. The guide plate 24 guides its side portion to the right, and is gradually pushed rightward to gradually rise.

When the ball portion w2 reaches the end of conveyance of the aligning device 15, the bending of the neck portion is relaxed even if the fall posture of the foliage portion w1 does not change, and the onion w assumes the overall sideways posture. Then, it is released in this posture and dropped on the ridge surface U.

Such an operation is continuously performed for each onion w that is pulled out while the machine is in progress, and the harvested onion w is in a certain sideways posture on the ridge surface U of the running trace of the machine. Are lined up.

The tip portion of the foliage portion w1 cut off by the cutting device 14 is further conveyed upward by the pulling and conveying device 5 and then laterally conveyed by the foliage discharging device 32 to form a ridge in the side of the machine body. Be dropped into.

[0042]

According to the present invention described above, the foliage pieces separated from the foliage when the foliage of the harvested crop is cut by the cutting device are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sandwiching conveyor belt of the backward conveyor. When the foliage pieces are conveyed along with adherence, the foliage pieces are sequentially removed by the scraper. Therefore, the conventional situation in which the foliage pieces are entangled with the backward conveying device or its periphery and impair its conveying function. Does not occur and efficient harvesting can be performed.

Further, since the scraper can be located near the operator who has the steering wheel, it is possible to easily check the scraper for clogging of the foliage pieces and clean the scraper during the harvesting run.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the overhanging guide portion removes the foliage pieces that try to enter between the cover plate of the rearward-direction conveyance main part and the sandwiching conveyance belt, the foliage pieces are directed backward. Or, the situation of being entangled with the periphery thereof and impairing the carrying function thereof is more reliably prevented, and the harvesting process can be performed more efficiently.

According to the fourth aspect, it is possible to smoothly remove the foliage pieces that try to enter between the cover plate of the rearward-direction conveyance main part and the sandwiching conveyance belt, and also the fifth aspect. According to the present invention, the scraper can easily function in the optimum state even if the ambient conditions change.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rhizome harvester for onions and the like according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the harvester.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a scraper attached to a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 6 is a view of the main part of the harvester seen from the rear.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an onion is sandwiched and conveyed by a conveyor belt and a guide rod in the main part.

[Explanation of symbols]

5 Pull-out transport device 9 Rearward transfer device 10 Backward transportation main part 11, 12 end pulley (guide wheel) 13 nip transport belt 13a Rear arcuate portion of the nip transport belt 13 14 Cutting device 31 Steering handle 92a, 92b cover plate 93 scraper 93a scraping part 93b Overhanging guide w Onion w1 foliage

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pull-out conveying device at a front part, and a steering handle at a rear part, a rearward-conveying device is provided from a lower front part of the pulling-out conveying device toward a substantially horizontal rear side, and between the pulling-out conveying device and the backward-conveying device. In a rhizome harvester equipped with a cutting device at the rear , provided behind the backward conveying device
Installed between the aligning device and the rearward-facing transport device and aligning device.
A side-by-side transfer device that allows the items to
The table is a conveyor belt and a guide rod for the foliage of the crop that has been laid down.
It is sandwiched by and transported in the diagonally downward rear direction, and the
A configuration in which an object is laid down and dropped on the ridge surface in a posture of being laid down, and a scraper for separating the foliage pieces entrained by the nipping and conveying belt of the backward conveying device from the nipping and conveying belt is provided at the rear part of the backward conveying device. A rhizome harvester characterized by. 2. A pair of guide wheels, which are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction and are rotated around a vertical axis, are provided with a conveyance main part formed by winding an endless sandwiching conveyance belt around the left and right conveyance main parts. Is a conveying device that operates so as to clamp the neck portion of the foliage part of a crop such as onion and convey it to the rear, wherein a scraper formed by bending a metal plate at the rear part of each of the main parts of the conveyance. <br /> A scraper is provided, and this scraper separates the foliage pieces adhering to the peripheral surface of the sandwiching and conveying belt from the peripheral surface. The backward conveying method used in the rhizome harvester according to claim 1. apparatus. 3. An endless sandwiching and conveying belt is wound around a pair of guide wheels that are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction and are rotated around a vertical axis, and a main portion of the conveyance, which is provided with a cover plate on the belt, is opposed to the left and right sides. A conveying device which is arranged in the left and right conveying parts and which operates so as to clamp the neck part of the foliage part of a crop such as onion and convey it to the rear, where the peripheral part of the sandwiching conveyor belt is located. A scraper having a scraping portion located at a position above and a protruding guide portion positioned at a height between the cover plate and the upper side surface of the sandwiching and conveying belt is provided at a rear portion of each of the conveying main portions. In the transportation main part, the scraping part separates the foliage pieces adhering to the peripheral surface of the sandwiching conveyor belt from this peripheral surface, and the overhanging guide part removes the foliage pieces that try to enter between the cover plate and the sandwiching conveyor belt. Move out of the nip transport belt The method according to claim 1, wherein
Rearward-facing transport device used in the rhizome harvesting machine in Japan . 4. The orientation conveying apparatus after claim 3, characterized in that the disposed along the overhang guide portion on the peripheral surface of the rear arcuate portion of the clamping conveyor belt. 5. The backward conveying apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the scraper is installed in the backward conveying apparatus such that the position of the scraper can be adjusted in the front-rear direction .