JP3279506B2 - Rhizome harvesting machine for onions etc. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rhizome harvester for extracting and harvesting onions, carrots and the like planted in rows on a ridge.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are harvesters in which onions planted on a ridge are pulled out, conveyed upward, and then discharged in a row on the ridge. The onions released onto the ridge surface by this harvester are manually collected and collected by aligning their foliage in groups of about 10 to 15 pieces, and the foliage is bound for each group. The tied onion bundle is stored by hanging it on a suitable place or the like.

[0003]

By the way, in order to efficiently collect and bundle the onions released on the ridge surface, the present applicant has provided a ridge on the processing end of the harvester. It has already been proposed to provide an alignment device for giving directionality to the onions emitted to the surface.

When the aligning device is used while being moved in the arrow directions f3 and f4 on the ridge surface U shown in FIG. 6A, the extracted onion w is discharged with the tip of the foliage w1 directed toward the ridge d. Aligned as shown. When the onions w arranged in this way are viewed from the rear in the traveling direction of the harvester,
The state in which the ball part w2 is inclined 45 degrees to the right as shown in FIG. 6C with the upright posture shown in FIG.
The postures are variously different within the range of the state inclined 60 degrees to the left as shown in FIG.

When these onions w are collected and collected, the efficiency is greatly improved as compared with the prior art. However, in order to further promote the efficiency, the onions w2 are moved to the side opposite to the foliage w1. In the illustrated example, it has been found that the onion w inclined to the right side is an unexpectedly large obstacle. An object of the present invention is to provide a rhizome harvesting machine which can eliminate the onion w in which the bead portion is inclined to the opposite side of the foliage portion and further promote the collection and binding of the onion w. .

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the foliage of a crop such as onion is sandwiched between
Conveyed diagonally upward, pulling out the crop from the soil
Transporter and crop stalks transported by the pull-out transporter
Bottom to convey the lower part of the leaf part almost horizontally and backward
Between the partial transfer device, the pull-out transfer device and the lower transfer device
A cutting device for cutting the foliage by providing a lower conveying device;
It is installed between the lower conveying device and the aligning device that is installed following the lower conveying device.
With a side-by-side transfer device to make the crop sideways
Aligning apparatus, while nipped and conveyed in the lateral falling posture intersecting the foliage of crops such as onion sequentially sent in its side posture alignment conveyor <br/> processing start of the predetermined height position from the lower transport device and ridges facing There is provided a posture changing means for releasing the crop in the vicinity of the furrow surface and dropping the crop, and setting the posture when the crop is released to a side-down state in which the bend of the neck of the foliage is eased.

[0007] Onions and the like processed by the above-mentioned posture changing means are arranged on the ridge surface in such a manner that both the foliage portion and the root-side weight portion are in a sideways posture in the same direction.

The present invention is specifically as follows. That is, the foliage is nipped and conveyed by two guide rods that are opposed in the lateral direction crossing the ridge direction and an endless conveying belt provided above between the guide rods. A guide plate as a posture changing means is fixed to one of the guide rods of the aligning device, and the guide plate acts so as to support and guide the root-side weight portion during the nipping and conveying. According to this, since the two guide rods and the guide plate are not moving elements, they are unlikely to cause a failure, and the required action can be obtained with a simple structure.

The guide plate is provided over substantially the entire range from the guide start point to the guide end point of the one guide rod, and gradually moves the one guide rod away from the conveyor belt toward the guide end point. To do. According to this, the guide plate and one of the guide rods gradually change the posture of the crop, thereby preventing damage to the crop.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a side view of a harvester according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the harvester, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main part of the harvester, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the onion is nipped and conveyed by the conveyance belt and the guide rod in the main part.

In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertically-rotating weeding inducing device provided at the forefront of the body at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction. The raising device 1 is adapted to push and raise the foliage of the crop w such as onions by the locking projection 1a which is moved obliquely upward f1 while the body is in progress.

A root cutting rod 2 extends obliquely forward from the tip of each weed raising device 1. The root cutting rod 2 is used to cut off the foliage of the crop w while the body is in progress, and to cut the root of the crop w in each row at the side.

Numeral 3 denotes a scraping device consisting of a pair of left and right scraping portions 4, 4 for moving the locking projections 4a of each scraping portion 4 from the outside of the scraping device 3 toward a central portion. Subsequently, by moving the lifting device 1 obliquely upward, the foliage w1 caused by the raising device 1 is scraped into the lower center of the scraping device 3 and pushed upward diagonally.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a drawing and conveying device comprising a pair of right and left drawing and conveying main parts 6 and 6. Main part of each pull-out transport 6
Is formed by pulling and pulling a conveyor belt 7 around a plurality of pulleys (not shown). The transport belts 7, 7 of these main parts 6, 6 are opposed to each other, and a pull-out transport path k is formed between the belts 7, 7.

The pulling and conveying device 5 pulls a relatively upper part of the foliage stalked by the scraping device 3 to a pulling and conveying path k.
, And then the pull-out conveyor belt 7,
7 and transported diagonally upward f2. In this transporting process,
The crop w of the ridge surface U excavated by the lower excavation blades 8 is pulled out of the soil.

Numeral 9 denotes a lower transfer device, which comprises a pair of left and right lower transfer main parts 10 and 10 as shown in FIG. Each lower transport main part 10 includes a pair of front and rear end pulleys 11,
12 is formed by looping a lower transport belt 13 around the transport belt 12. At this time, the pair of lower transport belts 13 are opposed to each other, and a space between the belts 13 and 13 is a transport path k1 below the foliage.
And

Numeral 14 denotes a cutting device provided between the pulling-out conveying device 5 and the lower conveying device 9 so that the disk blade is rotated by a motor.

Reference numeral 15 denotes an aligning device provided after the lower transfer device 9. The main part of the aligning device 15 is rotatable in a state where the pair of second pulleys 16 and 17 are substantially along the vertical surface at the front and rear high and low places or the lower portions of the pulleys 16 and 17 are inclined to the left side. And an endless conveyor belt 18 is wrapped around these pulleys 16 and 17 to transmit the rotation of a dedicated electric motor 19 to the second pulley 16 at the front, and the lower tension portion 18a of the conveyor belt 18 is moved rearward. Is formed so as to be driven downward f3.

Between the aligning device 15 and the lower transport device 9, there is provided a transversal transfer device Y between the front and rear. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
And a guide roller 22 that is rotatable around the rotation center axis 20 below the rear left pulley 12 of the lower transport device 9 while fixing the star wheel 21 to the rotation center axis 20 integrated with the rear left pulley 12. The configuration provided.

Reference numerals 23a and 23b denote two guide rods which form part of the aligning device 15 and are arranged in relation to the transport path of the lower transport device 9 and, as shown in FIGS. It is provided so as to face downward in the left-right direction. The guide rods 23 a and 23 b are provided near the lower surface of the lower transport device 9 and at the rear left pulley 12 of the lower transport device 9.
The front end is fixed at a position further forward than the front end, and gradually rises toward the rear to pass between the lower conveying device 9 and the guide roller 22 and approach the lower conveying path k1. The guide rod 23b is guided obliquely rearward along the side tension portion 18a, and one guide rod 23b is gradually moved laterally away from the conveyor belt 18 as it goes toward the rear end.

More specifically, the gap s1 between the guide bar 23a and the conveyor belt 18 is approximately half the width n of the conveyor belt 18, and the gap s2 between the conveyor belt 18 and the rear end of the guide bar 23b is The width is approximately the same as the width of the conveyor belt 18.

Thus, the aligning device 15 is provided with a guide plate 24 as a posture changing means for raising the root weight part w2 of the foliage w1 of the crop w to relieve the bending of the foliage w1. It is. This guide plate 24
Is fixed to only one of the guide rods 23b and exists over substantially the entire range from the guide start point to the guide end point.

Reference numeral 25 denotes an engine; 26 and 26, wheels for transmitting the rotation of the engine 25 via a transmission mechanism; 27, a bearing portion for supporting a drive shaft 28 for transmitting the rotation of the engine 25 to the pull-out / conveyance device 5; , 29 is a gage wheel for holding the front of the body at an appropriate height, and 30 is a gage wheel 2.
A rotary operation handle for vertically displacing 9 with respect to the body, 31 a control handle, 32 a foliage discharge device projecting obliquely rearward from the upper end of the left-hand drawing and transporting main part 6,
Reference numeral 33 denotes a connecting rod which is moved back and forth through a crank mechanism and vibrates the excavating blade 8 around a fulcrum 34.

The above-mentioned main part 6 for pull-out and transportation on the left side, the main part 4 for scraping on the left side, the digging blade 8 on the left side, and the supporting member 35 for supporting the digging blade 8 are integrally assembled. This assembly is fixed in the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2 in the normal state, while the clogging removal operation can be performed in the irregular state such as when the foliage w1 and weeds are clogged in the operating portion. Is swung to a position indicated by a virtual line m. At this time, the connecting rod 33
Is a hinge joint 3 that can be bent along the length
6a, as well as an insertion portion 36b that can be changed in its total length.
To prevent the assembly from swinging.

The root cutting rod 2 has a low-position sensor 37 and a high-position sensor 38 for detecting the presence of soil, and a crop conveyed on this path k in the middle of the conveying path k of the drawing and conveying device 5. A main sensor 39 for detecting w is fixed.

The sensors 37, 38 and 39 operate as follows under the condition that the main sensor 39 detects the crop w. That is, when only the low position sensor 37 detects the soil, the height of the gage wheel 29 is held at that time,
When both the low position sensor 37 and the high position sensor 38 detect the soil, the gage wheel 29 is displaced downward to raise the body, and the low position sensor 37 and the high position sensor 3
When none of the above-mentioned 8 detects the soil, the gage wheel 29 is displaced upward and the body is lowered. The two sensors 37 and 38 are connected to the digging blade 8 as shown in the figure.
It can be fixed to

Next, the operation of the main part when the onion w is harvested by the harvester configured as described above will be described. When the body is caused to travel along the ridge, the pulling and conveying device 5 moves the foliage w1.
, The onion w is pulled out while being held at the relatively upper portion, and is conveyed to the rear obliquely upward f2.

The onion w conveyed in this way is the main sensor 3
9, two other sensors 37 associated therewith,
38 is operated, and the height of the front of the fuselage is controlled so that the ridge surface U is located between the two sensors 37 and 38. As a result, the excavating blades 8, 8 excavate the ridge surface U at an optimum depth.

The onion w conveyed by the pull-out conveying device 5 is supplied below the foliage w1 to the conveying start end of the lower conveying device 9, and thereafter the lower conveying belts 13, 13 are moved to the foliage w.
1 and is conveyed substantially horizontally rearward.

During the transport by the pull-out transport device 5 and the lower transport device 9, the pull-out transport device 5 pulls the foliage w1 upward, while the lower transport device 9 is moved by the lower transport belt 1
The ball portion w2, which is the weight portion on the root side, is locked via 3 and 13 to prevent the ball portion w2 from rising. Therefore, the lower transport belts 13, 1
Numeral 3 moves backward while pinching the neck of the foliage w1, and the pull-out transport device 5 applies a pulling force to the foliage w1 located between the lower transport device 9 to make it tensioned.

Thus, the foliage w
As the transport of No. 1 proceeds, the cutting device 14 cuts the foliage w1 at a fixed height in this transport process, and the onion w thus treated eventually turns over and reaches the transfer device Y.

Before reaching the transfer end point of the lower transfer device 9, the foliage w that has reached the transfer device Y is connected to the front end of the lower transfer belt 13 or the guide rods 23 a and 23 b on the left side shown in FIG. Is conveyed rearward while being pinched by the conveying belt 18, and the foliage w1 is engaged and conveyed by the star wheel 21 and the ball w2 is guided by the guide roller 22 in this conveying process. At this time, the foliage w1 is moved rearward to the left along the arc of the outer periphery of the star wheel 21, while the ball w2 is smoothly moved rearward in contact with the peripheral surface of the guide roller 22, so that the onion w is The posture is definitely lying down.

The foliage w1 that has been laid down in this way is moved by the conveying belt 18 and the guide rods 23a,
3b, the conveyor belt 18 is moved to the foliage w1.
As shown in FIG. 5, the ball portion w2 is conveyed downward and obliquely downward while being pressed from above onto the guide rods 23a and 23b. During this conveyance, the ball portion w2 is suspended by the foliage w1. Below, the side portion is guided by the guide plate 24 and is gradually pushed to the right side to be gradually raised.

When the ball portion w2 reaches the end of conveyance of the aligning device 15, the bend of the neck portion is relaxed even if the falling posture of the foliage portion w1 is not changed, and the onion w is in the overall sideways posture. Then, it is released in this posture and falls on the ridge surface U.

Such an operation is performed continuously for each onion w pulled out while the machine is in progress, and the harvested onion w is in a constant sideways posture on the ridge surface U of the running trace of the machine. Are aligned. That is, in these aligned onions w, does the ball portion w2 stand upright or is in a state of falling to the left in the same direction as the foliage portion w1 and the ball portion w2 is inclined to the opposite side to the foliage portion w1? It will be very rare. Therefore, the onions w on the ridge surface are easily collected and bundled by the operator in groups.

The tip of the foliage w1 separated by the cutting device 14 is further conveyed further upward by the pulling and conveying device 5 and then conveyed laterally by the foliage discharging device 32, where the flutes on the side of the machine body. Is dropped to.

[0037]

According to the present invention described above, onions and the like are
In the transporting process of the aligning transport device , the attitude changing device sets the sideways attitude, so that the ball portion such as the onion released on the ridge surface is in an upright state or in a state of falling down in the same direction as the foliage. This allows the operator to efficiently collect and bind the dropped onions in groups.

According to the second aspect, the structure is simple and it is difficult to cause a failure or the like. According to the third aspect, the ball portion of the onion is gradually moved by the guide rod or the guide plate. Since the onion can be inclined to the side of the foliage, it is possible to prevent damage due to a sudden change in the posture of the onion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a rhizome harvester for onions and the like according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the harvester.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of a main part of the harvester.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the onion is nipped and conveyed by a conveyance belt and a guide rod in the main part.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state of onions released on a ridge surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

 22 Conveying belt 27a, 27b Guide rod 28 Guide plate (posture changing means) w Onion w1 Foliage w2 Ball (root-side weight)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] (1) sandwiching the foliage of a crop such as onion,
Conveying diagonally upward and pulling out the crop from the soil
Conveying device and foliage of crops conveyed by pull-out conveying device
Lower part that holds the lower part of the part and conveys it almost horizontally backward
Between the transfer device, the pull-out transfer device and the lower transfer device
A cutting device provided to cut the foliage, a lower conveying device,
Provided between the lower transfer device and the alignment device to be installed following
And a side-by-side transfer device for turning the crop
The row device holds the foliage of crops such as onions and the like, which are sequentially sent in a sideways posture from the lower conveyance device to the beginning of the alignment conveyance process at a certain height in a sideways posture crossing the ridge direction. It shall be transported and released near the ridge surface and dropped, and provided with a posture changing means for setting the posture when the crop is released to a side-down state in which the bending of the neck of the foliage is eased. Rhizome harvester for onions. 2. The foliage is nipped and transported by two guide rods which are opposed to each other in a lateral direction intersecting with the ridge direction, and an endless transport belt provided above between the guide rods. A guide plate as a posture changing means is fixed to one of the guide rods of the aligning device, and the guide plate acts to support and guide the root-side weight portion during the nipping and conveying. A rhizome harvester for onions and the like according to 1. 3. A guide plate is provided over substantially the entire range from a guide start point to a guide end point of the one guide rod, and the one guide rod is gradually moved away from the conveyor belt toward the guide end point. The rhizome harvester for onions and the like according to claim 2, wherein the rhizome is arranged as follows.