JPH10510679A - 大表面積の窒化物、炭化物及び硼化物電極並びにその製造方法 - Google Patents
大表面積の窒化物、炭化物及び硼化物電極並びにその製造方法Info
- Publication number
- JPH10510679A JPH10510679A JP8519174A JP51917496A JPH10510679A JP H10510679 A JPH10510679 A JP H10510679A JP 8519174 A JP8519174 A JP 8519174A JP 51917496 A JP51917496 A JP 51917496A JP H10510679 A JPH10510679 A JP H10510679A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- surface area
- metal
- nitrogen
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GPBUGPUPKAGMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynemolybdenum Chemical group [Mo]#N GPBUGPUPKAGMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 tungsten nitride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OFEAOSSMQHGXMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12007-10-2 Chemical compound [W].[W]=[B] OFEAOSSMQHGXMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynevanadium Chemical compound [V]#N SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LGLOITKZTDVGOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]#B LGLOITKZTDVGOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- AUVPWTYQZMLSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;vanadium Chemical compound [V]#B AUVPWTYQZMLSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003208 (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000270722 Crocodylidae Species 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- LNNWVNGFPYWNQE-GMIGKAJZSA-N desomorphine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=C(O)C3=C2[C@]24CCN(C)[C@H]1[C@@H]2CCC[C@@H]4O3 LNNWVNGFPYWNQE-GMIGKAJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000809 Alumel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROZSPJBPUVWBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru]=O Chemical class [Ru]=O ROZSPJBPUVWBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical group [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003869 coulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/46—Metal oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.基板と、その上のフィルム層であって、周期律表のIII、IV、V、VI及びVII 族の金属の窒化物、炭化物及び硼化物より成るグループから選択されたフィルム 層とを備えたことを特徴とする比表面積の大きい電極。 2.上記フィルム層は、先ず、周期律表のIII、IV、V、VI及びVII族からの少な くとも1つの金属の酸化物として基板に付着され、その後に、フィルム層は、窒 素、炭素又は硼素の源と反応される請求項1に記載の比表面積の大きい電極。 3.フィルム層の金属は、周期律表のIII、IV、V、VI及びVII族からの少なくと も2つの金属を含む請求項1に記載の比表面積の大きい電極。 4.基板及びフィルム層の金属は同じである請求項1に記載の比表面積の大きい 電極。 5.フィルム層の金属は、Mo、W及びVのグループから選択される請求項1に 記載の比表面積の大きい電極。 6.基板は、Mo、W及びTiのグループから選択される請求項1に記載の比表 面積の大きい電極。 7.フィルム層は、先ず、基板の表面を酸化剤と反応させ、その後、その酸化さ れた基板の表面を窒素、炭素又は硼素の源と反応させることにより段階的に形成 される請求項1に記載の比表面積の大きい電極。 8.上記酸化された表面は、炭素又は硼素の源と反応する前に、窒素の源と反応 される請求項7に記載の比表面積の大きい電極。 9.比表面積の大きい電極を製造する方法において、 金属酸化物層を形成し、 窒素、炭素又は硼素の源の存在中で還元環境において上記金属酸化物層を加 熱し、この加熱は、0°K/時ないし500°K/時の範囲の率で500°Kな いし1300°Kの範囲の最終温度まで実質的に均一且つ連続的であり、そして 窒化物、炭化物又は硼化物への酸化物の変換がBET方法で測定したときに 少なくとも100cm2/cm2の比表面積を与えるまでの時間中、その加熱され た金属酸化物層を窒素、炭素又は硼素の源の存在中で最終温度に保持する、 という段階を備えたことを特徴とする方法。 10.上記加熱された金属酸化物層は、酸化物の変換が実質的に完了するまで最終 温度に保持される請求項9に記載の方法。 11.上記加熱された金属酸化物層は、導電率が4点プローブ方法で測定したとき に少なくとも1Ω−cmになるまで、最終温度に保持される請求項9に記載の方 法。 12.第1の段階は、モリブデン酸塩、タングステン酸塩又はバナジン酸塩の先駆 物質層を基板に付着し、そしてこの先駆物質層を酸化環境の存在中で加熱して、 酸化物層を形成することを含む請求項9に記載の方法。 13.第1の段階は、モリブデン、タングステン又はバナジウムの金属フォイルの 表面を酸化して、酸化物層を形成することを含む請求項9に記載の方法。 14.金属酸化物は、モリブデン、タングステン又はバナジウムの酸化物から選択 され、そして窒素、炭素又は硼素の源は、アンモニア、メタン又はジボランから 選択される請求項9に記載の方法。 15.金属酸化物層を形成し、窒素、炭素又は硼素の源の存在中で還元環境におい て上記金属酸化物層を加熱し、この加熱は、0°K/時ないし500°K/時の 範囲の率で500°Kないし1300°Kの最終温度まで実質的に均一且つ連続 的であり、そして窒化物、炭化物又は硼化物への酸化物の変換がBET方法で測 定したときに少なくとも100cm2/cm2の比表面積を与えるまでの時間中、 その加熱された金属酸化物層を窒素、炭素又は硼素の源の存在中でピーク温度に 保持するという段階を含む方法により形成された第1電極と、 第2電極と、 上記電極に接触する電解溶液と、 上記第1及び第2電極の間のセパレータと、 を備えたことを特徴とする超キャパシタ。 16.上記第2電極は、上記第1電極について述べた段階を含む方法によって形成 される請求項15に記載の超キャパシタ。 17.上記第2電極の金属は、第1電極の金属と異なる請求項16に記載の超キャ パシタ。 18.上記第2電極の動作電位は、第1電極に対して一般的に負であり、そして第 2電極は、第VIII族の金属から選択された導電性金属酸化物より成る請求項16 に記載の超キャパシタ。 19.少なくとも1つの電極層は、窒化モリブデン、炭化モリブデン、硼化モリブ デン、窒化タングステン、炭化タングステン、硼化タングステン、窒化バナジウ ム、炭化バナジウム、硼化バナジウム、及びその2つ以上の混合物より成るグル ープから選択される請求項15に記載の超キャパシタ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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US08/354,289 US5680292A (en) | 1994-12-12 | 1994-12-12 | High surface area nitride, carbide and boride electrodes and methods of fabrication thereof |
US08/354,289 | 1994-12-12 | ||
PCT/US1995/015994 WO1996019003A1 (en) | 1994-12-12 | 1995-12-11 | High surface area nitride, carbide and boride electrodes and methods of fabrication thereof |
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JPH10510679A true JPH10510679A (ja) | 1998-10-13 |
JP3900303B2 JP3900303B2 (ja) | 2007-04-04 |
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JP51917496A Expired - Fee Related JP3900303B2 (ja) | 1994-12-12 | 1995-12-11 | 大表面積の窒化物、炭化物及び硼化物電極並びにその製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5680292A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0808507B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3900303B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU4512596A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69532172T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996019003A1 (ja) |
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- 1994-12-12 US US08/354,289 patent/US5680292A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
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- 1995-12-11 JP JP51917496A patent/JP3900303B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-11 DE DE69532172T patent/DE69532172T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-11 WO PCT/US1995/015994 patent/WO1996019003A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-11 AU AU45125/96A patent/AU4512596A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-12-11 EP EP95943721A patent/EP0808507B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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JP2005519755A (ja) * | 2001-09-21 | 2005-07-07 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 燃料電池に使用されるコーティング基材用アノード電極触媒 |
JP2006108170A (ja) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 固体電解コンデンサ |
JP2007287685A (ja) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-11-01 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 固体酸化物形燃料電池及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU4512596A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
WO1996019003A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
EP0808507A4 (en) | 1998-10-07 |
EP0808507A1 (en) | 1997-11-26 |
JP3900303B2 (ja) | 2007-04-04 |
EP0808507B1 (en) | 2003-11-19 |
DE69532172D1 (de) | 2003-12-24 |
US5680292A (en) | 1997-10-21 |
DE69532172T2 (de) | 2004-08-12 |
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