JPH09224471A - Artificial granular culture earth for creating creeping stem type lawn and method for creating lawn in short period - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide artificial granular culture earth for creating creeping stem type lawn capable of performing creation in a short period with less environmental contamination and improving a multiplication property containing the respectively prescribed amounts of fertilizer and humus as active ingredients, adjusted to a specified pH range and formed to a specified grain size. SOLUTION: This earth contains the fertilizer of 0.01-5 (weight) % and the humus of 0.2-4% as the active ingredients, is adjusted to pH4.5-7.5 and formed into the grain size 0.1-3mm. Also, it is preferable to create creeping stem type lawn in a short period by using 5-50 pts.wt. of the artificial granular culture earth for creating the creeping stem type lawn for 1 pts.wt. of the creeping step lawn which is a C4 plant provided with a C4 circuit by enolpyruvate carboxylase phophate which is a Zoysia kind and a bermuda grass kind.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial granular culture soil for short-term construction of a stalk-type lawn and a method for producing a stalk-type lawn using the same in a short period of time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, sports such as golf, soccer, tennis, rugby, baseball and horse racing have become more and more popular, and the importance of sports turf has been recognized (turf grass research,
Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 38-50, (1994
Year)). Regarding the construction and management of lawns in such stadiums, appropriate lawn species, appropriate and short-term construction methods, appropriate floor soil, underground structure, etc. are required according to various situations. Lawns are roughly divided into cold type turfgrass and warm type turfgrass. Cold type turfgrass is generally photosynthetic and photorespiratory of C3 circuit (reducing pentose phosphate circuit) by RuBP (ribulose 1,5-diphosphate) carboxylase. It is a C3 plant that carries out C3 plants that have a C4 cycle (C4 dicarboxylic acid cycle) due to PEP (enolpyruvate phosphate) carboxylase, a large carbon dioxide fixation rate, and almost no photorespiration. Physiologically different from
As a result, it is a plant with different ecological characteristics such as suitable growth temperature, drought resistance, freezing resistance, heat resistance, and negative resistance (turfgrass research, No. 23).
Vol. 2, pp. 145-157, (1995)).

In addition, when the lawn is viewed from the method of forming, there are broadly divided into a seed breeding method and a vegetative breeding method. The C3 plant cold region type turf grass is mainly by the seed breeding method, and the C4 plant warm region type turf grass is mainly. According to the vegetative breeding method. In the case of the seed breeding type of cold-season turfgrass, before sowing, lawn seeds and artificial granular culture soil are sown, and seeds with an appropriate amount of water added to promote germination are sown and covered with artificial granular culture soil. The period is being shortened. However, warm-season turfgrass and stalk-type lawns such as Koroshiba (including Himekorai-shiba), Zoisia including wild grass, Bermudagrass including Tifton, Tiff Dwarf, St. August, etc. However, the development is generally carried out by a vegetative breeding method using the stalks (strone, lysosome).

[0004] There are methods such as tension turf, planting turf, and sowing turf in the method of breeding with stalks, but each has its own problems. For example, the upholstery method can complete a lawn in about two months, but if you consider the time, place, and carrying heavy sod with soil to where you need it in the United States, Although strip sodding has recently received much attention (Law grass research, Vol. 23, Vol. 2
No. 163-167 (1995)), considering the road conditions in Japan, it cannot be said that the method is suitable for creating a lawn with a large area such as a stadium. Further, in this method, since the deteriorated stalks and undecomposed dead plants (thatch) contained in the upholstered grass are directly brought to the land for construction, maintenance and management after completion are troublesome. On the other hand, the planting lawn and sowing lawn methods can renovate the stalks and improve the soil environment in the rooting area, thus making a dense and stable lawn. However, depending on the weather conditions, it takes about 6 months to complete the lawn construction, which is a long time. In addition, the method of planting turf and sowing turf is susceptible to non-germination and drying due to the shallow depth of soil cover and requires careful management, which is not suitable for large-scale construction.

[0005] As a method for overcoming these problems in multiplication by stalks and cultivating the lawn in a short period of time, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-34534 discloses that a stalk-type lawn from which soil and sand have been removed is spread and planted. A method of covering the culture soil and further applying an aqueous solution containing polyvinyl alcohol, silica or the like to form a film is disclosed. However, even if such a method can overcome the difficulty of management, the vegetation method is quite complicated. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-31642 discloses a method in which a stretched grass is cut into strips, which are mixed with soil to be planted. Also in this method, the method of cutting into strips or mixing with soil in an amount of 2 to 5 cm with respect to the planted area is considerably complicated. In addition, as for the ground soil of sports turf, it is best to increase root activity because it withstands severe stress such as short cutting, unbearable pedaling pressure, etc. It is soil (Japanese Journal of Soil Fertilizer Science, No. 65)
Vol. 5, No. 514-521 (1994), Lawn grass research, No. 23, No. 1, 51-57, (1995).
Year)). However, when sand soil is used, extreme drying is likely to occur, it is necessary to enhance the sprinkler system, secure a water source, and increase maintenance operations due to an increase in the number of fertilizer applications. In addition, there is a problem of concentration pollution (fertilizer burning) due to fertilizer and environmental pollution due to runoff of fertilizer.

Regarding sports turf in Japan, it is considered that the national stadium is constructed and managed according to the highest technical level at present. As a result of various studies, the lawn basically uses Bermuda-type Tifton turf, which is a stalk-type lawn with strong fertility in June-August. To maintain the lawn, we are doing annual grass management with winter overseeing by perennial ryegrass. In addition, the upper part of the lawn floor structure uses sand, but the underground structure is a facility that requires considerable expense. It is difficult to establish and maintain such facilities at any stadium. From such a situation, it is considered important to establish a technology that promotes healthy growth and greening of lawns, creates a facility with little environmental pollution and that can be performed at a realistic cost,
There has been a long-felt need for a method of constructing a lawn with a stalk of grass in a short period of time that does not require a complicated underground structure with little environmental pollution.

[0007]

As described above, in reality, a method for constructing a large-scale sports turf in a short period of time, which can solve the above-mentioned various problems, has not yet been established. In view of such a situation, the present invention provides a warm-type lawn that is a C4 plant that can quickly and much grow roots from its stalk and has little environmental pollution. Of the lawn,
It is an object to provide a method for constructing a large-scale lawn in a short period of time with less environmental pollution.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors sown a soybean stem cut into a length containing 1 to 3 nodes, and as a soil component on it. When an artificial granular soil granulated by adding an appropriate amount of fertilizer components and humus with a lower concentration than ordinary fertilizer is covered and grown, germination from the stalk and root growth are promoted, and the lawn is constructed in a short period of time. The present invention has been found to be possible. That is, the present invention provides an artificial granular soil for forming a lawn stalk used for forming a lawn stalk. The moisturized stem-type shibafu-forming granular soil of the present invention has an effective ingredient content of 0.01 to
Particle size 0.1 containing 0.5 wt% fertilizer and 0.2-5 wt% humus, adjusted to pH 4.5-7.5
It is characterized by being granulated to 5.0 mm.

By covering the sowing grass with the artificial granular soil of the present invention, the weight of the root portion of the lawn is remarkably increased, and the lawn coverage is about 90% in 50 days and 100% in 100 days. Compared to the case of using materials such as washing sand and liquid fertilizer, the whole surface coating is completed in a short time. The artificial granular culture soil holding the fertilizer component is artificial granulated culture soil granulated so as to have a particle size of 0.5 to 1.5 times the particle size of the plant that germinates seeds at the time of germination treatment and a thickness of 5 mm or less. However, it has never been considered that the growth of the stalks of C4 plants is promoted by using such artificial granular culture soil. Met.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The artificial granular soil used in the present invention can be manufactured as follows. Raw soil such as mountain soil, upland soil and volcanic ash soil is dried and coarsely pulverized to obtain an appropriate amount of water,
Add desired amount of fertilizer components and humus, and adjust pH as needed
The soil mixture is prepared by finely pulverizing it using a continuous vibrating mill and mixing it at the same time to obtain a soil mixture, which is then sent to a rotary cylindrical granulator equipped with a stirrer, where it is dissolved in water such as polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl lulose, or methyl cellulose. Granulation is performed by adding about 1% solution of the polymer. The artificial granular culture soil of the present invention contains 0.01 to 5% by weight of fertilizer as an active ingredient,
It is preferably maintained at 0.01 to 2% by weight. More specifically, 0.002 to 0.005% by weight of nitrate nitrogen,
Ammonia nitrogen 0.03 to 0.04% by weight, total phosphorus about 0.2% by weight, water-soluble potassium 0.04 to 0.08% by weight,
And 0.02% by weight or more of magnesium is retained. It also contains 0.2-4% by weight of humus. p
H is 4.5 to 7.5, preferably 6 to 7, and the particle size is 0.1.
~ 5 mm, preferably 90% or more 0.1 ~ 3 mm
Granulated to be in the range of. The particle size distribution may be wider than that of granular soil used for seed germination, and granulation is easy. The retained fertilizer is gradually released over about one month, and the fertilizer application of other fertilizers can be omitted or the usage amount can be reduced in the early stage of germination. However, since the fertilizer component content is 5.0% by weight or less, even if a large amount of the present artificial granular culture soil is used, for example, 5 kg / m ² or more, there is no risk of fertilization.

The lawn grown in the present invention is, for example, Zoisia including Koryo turf, wild grass and the like, Bermudagrass including Tifton, Tif dwarf and the like, and warm-season turfgrass of C4 plants such as St. Augustine. Stalks,
On a lawn land prepared by washing sand for lawn formation, 0.1-1 kg / m ² of stalks of lawn stalks for sowing are evenly sown, and the artificial granular culture soil of the present invention is covered therewith.
1-5 kg / m ² , preferably 2-4 kg / m for covering soil
^{Use 2} artificial granular culture soil. The artificial granular culture soil of the present invention may be sowed not only as a cover soil but also as a mixture with a stalk. It is preferably used as cover soil. Soil cover with artificial granular culture soil is 10 mm or less, preferably 5-10 mm
Thickness. It can also be used so as to form a part of the surface portion of a lawn landscaping planted with stalks. Further, the artificial culture soil of the present invention can be used not only for sowing turf but also for planting turf and tension turf. The use of artificial granular culture soil promotes germination from roots and growth of roots. The artificial culture soil of the present invention is particularly suitable as a cover soil when sowing a lawn-type turfgrass that grows on an above-ground lawn stalk (stron) to form a lawn. Next, an explanation will be given with reference to production examples of granular culture soil and growth examples of turfgrass.

[0012]

[Example of production of granular culture soil] Volcanic ash soil adjusted to have a water content of about 33% was dried and sterilized with hot air to obtain raw soil. 0.3 kg of ammonium nitrate and chemical fertilizer (11% nitrogen) for 1 ton of raw material soil 2.
7 kg, 1.1 kg of superphosphate (SP20%), 1.8 kg of potassium sulfate (50% potassium) and 40 kg of humus were added, and further 6.0 kg of slaked lime for pH adjustment was added, and finely ground using a continuous vibration mill. At the same time, the mixture was uniformly mixed to obtain a soil mixture, which was sent to a rotary cylinder type granulator equipped with a stirrer, and about 1% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution was added for granulation. The obtained granular soil contained 0.035% ammonia nitrogen (about 90% of total nitrogen) and 9% soluble phosphorus as active ingredients.
9 mg / 100 g, containing 0.07% of water-soluble potassium,
The pH is adjusted to 6.3, and the particle size distribution is JIS K006.
According to the dry sieving method according to 7-2.1, 90% or more of the measurement results were 0.2-1.4 mm.

[0013]

[Example of growing lawn] Washing sand in an area of 40 m ² to form a layer with a thickness of 20 cm, and stalks "Tifton 318"
(Manufactured by Shibakura Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and "Tifton 419" (manufactured by Shibakura Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 7.5 kg each were sown separately to 20 m ² , and each 10 m ² manufactured by the manufacturing example of the present invention. Granular culture soil 3 kg / m ² (ammonia nitrogen 1.05 g / m ² , soluble phosphorus 2.97 g / m ² , water-soluble potassium 2.1 g / m ² , which is usually the initial management in the case of upholstery method. (Compared to the case where 1.5 to 2.0 g of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per m ^{2 is} applied twice a month for 2 months, and then the same amount is applied once a month. Covered with soil. The thickness at that time was 8 mm. For comparison, the other 10m ² was washed with sand 3
kg / m ² was covered with soil, and liquid fertilizer yogen (manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used in the above-mentioned usual amount.

After 1 month, grain sand was sprayed at a rate of 3 kg / m ^{2 on} the entire surface, and within 1 week thereafter, 2 g / m ² of liquid fertilizer yogen No. 2 (manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Inc.) and the bactericide “Prowser” were used. 1 liter / m of 500 times "wettable powder" (manufactured by Nippon Agricultural Co., Ltd.) and 1000 times "insecticide" Calphos emulsion (manufactured by Sankyo Co.)
Spray on the entire surface with ² . Further, in the next week, 30 g / m ² of "HD Green" (manufactured by Scott) was sprayed. In addition, during the growing period, irrigation was performed every day at 3 liter / m ^2, and mowing was performed once a week at a height of 23 mm. 50 days after 14 days after sowing
The root weight and the lawn coverage were observed daily, 100 days, and 120 days. The raw root weight is hollowed out with a hole cutter,
The above-ground part and the root part of the lawn were separated and the weight of the root part was measured.
The lawn coverage was obtained by taking a photograph of the lawn surface, projecting it on a graph paper, measuring the covered area, and displaying it as a percentage of the total area. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0015]

[Table 1]

[0016]

[Table 2]

As is clear from this result, when the artificial culture soil is covered with soil, the growth of the roots is fast and the lawn can be completed in a short period of time. Furthermore, compared to washing sand cover soil, weeds are clearly suppressed from being propagated, the amount of herbicide administered can be reduced, and the method can be a method of creating less environmental pollution.

[0018]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By using the artificial granular culture soil according to the present invention, it is possible to promote the growth of stalks of lawn and to develop lawn in a short period of time.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An active ingredient containing 0.01 to 5% by weight of fertilizer and 0.2 to 4% by weight of humus, and having a pH of 4.5 to 4.5.
An artificial granular culture soil for stalk-type lawn construction, which is adjusted to 7.5 and is granulated to have a particle size of 0.1 to 3 mm. 2. The artificial granular culture soil according to claim 1, which is 5 to 1 part by weight of the lawn-stalk lawn.
A method for constructing a stalk-type lawn in a short time, which is characterized by using 50 parts by weight. 3. A method for producing a stalk-type lawn in a short period of time, which comprises covering the artificial granular culture soil for producing a stalk-type lawn according to claim 1 with a thickness of 10 mm or less. 4. The method for producing a stalk-type lawn in a short period of time according to claim 2, wherein the stalk-type lawn is a C4 plant having a C4 cycle by enolpyruvate phosphate carboxylase. 5. The method for producing a stalk-type lawn in a short period of time according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the stalk-type lawn is a Zoisia species or a bermuda grass. 6. The method for producing a stalk-type lawn in a short period of time according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the stalk-type lawn is a lawn which is propagated by above-ground stalks.