JPH08506738A - カテーテルの識別及びその使用の監視のためのシステム - Google Patents

カテーテルの識別及びその使用の監視のためのシステム

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JPH08506738A
JPH08506738A JP6512347A JP51234794A JPH08506738A JP H08506738 A JPH08506738 A JP H08506738A JP 6512347 A JP6512347 A JP 6512347A JP 51234794 A JP51234794 A JP 51234794A JP H08506738 A JPH08506738 A JP H08506738A
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catheter
code
control signal
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ジャクソン,ジェローム
エイ. スターン,ロジャー
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イーピー テクノロジーズ,インコーポレイテッド
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 電極の様な、機能的構成要素(16)を担持するカテーテル(14)であって、該カテーテルは所定の作動特徴を有している。カテーテル(14)は更に、その所定の特徴を他と区別して示す識別コードを電子的に保持している。カテーテル(14)は、所定のプロンプトに応じてその識別コードを外部の読取り装置に転送することができる。剥離エネルギー源(12)の様な関連装置は、その識別コードを読取り、それを所定の作動基準と比較する。該装置(12)は、カテーテル(14)の機能的特徴が意図された相互作用に適合していないことを識別コードが示している場合、機能的カテーテルの構成要素(16)との祖互作用を許可しない。カテーテル(14)は更に、再使用を避けるための使用情報を保存することができる。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 カテーテルの識別及びその使用の監視のためのシステム発明の技術分野 本発明は、一般的にカテーテルとそれに関連した電源に関する。更に詳しくは 、本発明は、剥離カテーテル、及び治療を目的としてエネルギーを送り外傷を形 成させる剥離方法に関する。発明の背景 今日では、医師は医療においてカテーテルを利用することにより、体の内部に 進入し、所望の組織部位を剥離している。医師にとり、体内で組織の剥離に使用 されるエネルギーの放射を注意深く、正確に制御することは重要なことである。 カテーテルを注意深く、且つ正確に制御するという必要性は、心臓内の組織を剥 離する場合に特に重要である。このような電気生理学的治療と呼ばれる手段は心 臓リズム障害の治療に幅広く実施されるようになっている。 このような治療において、医師はカテーテルを主要な静脈又は動脈(通常大腿 静脈又は動脈)から治療の施される心臓の内部領域に進める。次に医師は、ステ アリング機構を更に操作して、カテーテルの遠位端に担持されている電極が剥離 されるべき組織に直接接触するように移動させる。医師は、その電極の先端から の無線周波エネルギーを組織を介して不関電極に送り、その組織を剥離し、外傷 を形成させる。 心臓の剥離を行う際は、剥離電極からのエネルギーの放射を正確に監視し、制 御する能力が特に要求される。発明の概要 本発明は、複数のカテーテルを識別し、それらの使用を監視するためのシステ ム及び装置を提供する。 本発明の一態様は、カテーテルを具備しており、その本体には剥離電極のよう な、所定の作動特徴を持つ機能的な構成要素が担持している。本体は更に、その 機能的構成要素の所定の作動特徴を他と区別して示す識別コードを保持するため の電子的手段を有し、この電子的保持手段は出力手段を有し、所定のプロンプト に応答して識別コードを外部の読取り装置に転送する。 本発明の別の態様は、剥離電極のような機能的構成要素を担持するカテーテル を提供している。本発明のこの態様において、本体は更に、機能的構成要素の使 用を示すコードを保持するための電子的手段を有している。この電子的保持手段 は、所定のプロンプトに応答して使用コードを生成する出力手段と、機能的構成 要素の使用に応答してその使用コードを更新する入力手段を有している。 本発明の別の態様は、カテーテルの機能的構成要素と相互作用する装置を提供 している。この装置は、カテーテルの電子的保持手段を促しその識別コードを生 成させる機構を具備している。この装置は更に、所定の基準を保存し、カテーテ ルとの相互作用を支配する。この装置は、生成された識別コードを所定の相互作 用基準と比較する。この装置は更に、生成された識別コードが所定の相互作用基 準を満たす場合に、第一の制御信号を生成する。生成された識別コードが所定の 相互作用基準を満たさない場合は、この装置は、第一の制御信号とは異なる第二 の制御信号を生成する。 ある実施例では、識別コードがカテーテルの過剰使用を示している場合、又は カテーテルの機能的特徴が意図する相互作用にそぐわないことを示している場合 、この装置は、カテーテルの機能的構成要素との意図された相互作用が行われな いようにする。 ある望ましい実施例では、カテーテルの機能的構成要素とは剥離電極で、装置 とは剥離エネルギー源となっている。この実施例において、その装置は関連する 剥離電極のある特定の機能的特徴に応じて作動剥離電力条件を設定する。このよ うにして、その装置は異なる機能的特徴を持つ複数の剥離電極を識別し、適宜に 剥離電力を供給する。 本発明は、その特質あるいは本質的な特徴から逸脱することなく複数の形式で 具現化することができる。本発明の範囲は、後述の請求の範囲に定義されており 、それ以前の特定の記述において定義されるものではない。請求と同等の意義及 び範囲に該当する全ての実施例は、従って該請求に含まれることが意図されてい る。 図面の簡単な説明 図1は、本発明の特徴を具現化する、組織を剥離するためのシステムの斜視図 である。 図2は、本システムのための発生器と、それに関連するモニタ及び制御回路の 概略図である。 図3は、本システムの電力モニタ及び制御回路の概略図である。 図4は、カテーテルの識別回路の概略図であり、その回路は機能基準及び能力 基準を基にして、カテーテルの使用を可能あるいは不可能にする。 図5は、カテーテルの識別回路の概略図で、その回路は前述の使用基準を基に して、カテーテルの使用を可能あるいは不可能にする。発明の詳細な説明 図1は、本発明の特徴を具現化する、人間の組織を剥離するためのシステム1 0を示している。システム10は、無線周波エネルギーを送る無線周波発生器1 2を具備している。システム10は更に、無線周波を発する先端電極16を担持 する、ステアリングのできるカテーテル14を具備している。 図示されている実施例では、システム10は単極モードで作動する。この配置 において、システム10は不関の第二電極18として機能する皮膚継ぎ合わせ電 極18を具備している。使用において、この不関電極18は、患者の背中、ある いはその他の外部の皮膚に連結させられる。 このようにする代わりに、システム10は双極モードで機能することもできる 。このモードでは、カテーテル14は双方の電極を具備する。 図示されている実施例では、剥離電極16と不関電極18は白金でできている 。 システム10は、多数の異なる環境で使用することができる。本明細書は、心 臓の剥離治療に使用される場合のシステム10について記述している。 この目的で使用される場合、医師は、カテーテル14を主要な静脈又は動脈( 通常大腿静脈又は動脈)から治療の施されるべき心臓の内部領域に進める。次に 医師は、カテーテル14を更に操作して、先端電極16が剥離される心臓内の組 織に接触するように移動させる。ユーザーは、発生器12からの無線周波エネル ギーを先端電極16に送り、接触している組織上に外傷を形成させる。 図1に示される実施例では、カテーテル14はハンドル20、案内チューブ2 2、及び先端電極16(剥離電極とも呼ばれる)を担持する先端部24を具備し ている。ハンドル20は、カテーテルの先端部24のためのステアリング機構2 6を包含している。ハンドル20の後部から延長しているケーブル28は、プラ グを具備している(図示省略)。このプラグは、カテーテル14を発生器12に 接続させ、無線周波エネルギーを剥離電極16に送る。この無線周波エネルギー は、組織を熱して外傷を形成させる。 左右のステアリングワイヤ(図示省略)は、案内チューブ22を通って延長し 、ステアリング機構26を先端部24の左右の側面に相互連結させる。ステアリ ング機構26を左に回転させると、左側のステアリングワイヤが引っ張られて先 端部24が左側に傾く。また、ステアリング機構26を右に回転させると、右側 のステアリングワイヤが引っ張られて先端部24が右側に傾く。このようにして 、医師は剥離電極16を操縦して、それを剥離されるべき組織に接触させる。 発生器12は、無線周波電源30を具備し、それはメインの絶縁形変成器32 を介して第一と第二の導電線34及び36に接続されている。 図示されている環境では、電源30は500kHzの周波数で最高50ワット の電力を送る。第一の導電線34は、剥離電極16に通じている。第二の導電線 36は、不関継ぎ合わせ電極18に通じている。 図2及び図3が示すように、システム10は、第一の監視手段38を具備し、 発生器12により患者に伝えられる無線周波電流と無線周波電圧を計測する。第 一の監視手段38は更に、RMS(根二乗平均)電圧(ボルト)、RMS電流( アンペア)、及び実位相感知電力(ワット)を示す複数の制御信号を発し、発生 器12のその他の制御機能を支援している。 第一の監視手段38は、様々な形態をとったり、様々な方法で組み立てること ができる。図示されている実施例では、第一の監視手段38は、電流監視手段4 0を具備し、第一の線34から組織を通じて第二の線36へ流れる(すなわち、 剥離電極16から不関継ぎ合わせ電極18へ流れる)無線周波電流を計測する。 第一の監視手段38は更に、電圧監視手段42を具備している。この電圧監視 手段42は、第一と第二の導電線34及び36間で(すなわち、剥離電極16と 不関継ぎ合わせ電極18間で)生成される無線周波電圧を測定する。 第一の監視手段38は、三つの制御出力手段、44、46、及び48を具備し ている。 第一の制御出力手段44は、剥離電極16により伝導されるRMS電流を示す 信号を有する。 第二の制御出力手段46は、剥離電極16と不関継ぎ合わせ電極18間のRM S電圧を示す信号を有する。 第三の制御出力手段48は、剥離電極16により送られる実位相感知電力を示 す信号を有する。 図示されている実施例では(図2及び図3参照)、電流監視手段40は第二の 導電線36に接続されている絶縁形電流感知変成器50を具備している。この配 置において、電流感知変成器50は剥離電極16を介して不関継ぎ合わせ電極1 8へ流れる無線周波電流を直接的に計測する。 その計測値は、選択される周波数により異なる無線周波信号であり、図示され ている実施例ではその周波数は500kHzとなっている。 電流感知変成器50は、RMS電流を有する第一の制御出力手段44に接続さ れている。第一の制御出力手段44は集積回路RMSコンバータ52を具備し、 RMS電流を変換する。RMS電流コンバータは、まず電流感知変成器50から の無線周波電流入力信号を二乗し、次にその二乗した信号をユーザーの設定した 期間で(図示されている実施例では約0.01秒毎)平均する。RMS電流コン バータ52は、次にその平均二乗値の平方根をとる。その結果の出力がRMS電 流となる。 RMS電流信号は、急速に変化する無線周波電流入力信号に比べると、比較的 低速度で変化する信号の形式をとる。 図2及び図3が示すように、電圧監視手段42は、絶縁形電圧感知変成器54 を具備しており、それは第一と第二の導電線間に接続されている。この配置にお いて、電圧感知変圧器54は、剥離電極16と不関継ぎ合わせ電極18間の身体 組織一体の無線周波電圧を直接的に測定する。 電流感知変成器50により測定される値と同様に、測定される電圧値は、選択 された500kHz周波数において変化する無線周波信号である。 電圧感知変成器54は、RMS電圧を有する第二の制御出力手段46に接続さ れている。第二の制御出力手段46は、集積回路RMSコンバータ56を具備し 、RMS電圧を変換する。RMS電圧コンバータ56は、無線周波電圧入力信号 を二乗し、次に電流コンバータ52が使用したものと同じ、ユーザーの設定した 期間でそれを平均する。RMS電圧コンバータ56は、次にその平均二乗電圧値 の平方根をとる。 その結果のRMS電圧信号は、(RMS電流信号と同様に)比較的低速度で変 化する信号の形式をとる。 電圧感知変成器54は更に、実位相感知電力を有する第三の制御出力手段48 に接続されている。第三の制御出力手段48は、アナログ乗算器集積回路58を 具備し、アナログ乗算を行う。乗算器回路58は一つの入力として無線周波入力 電流信号を電流感知変成器50から直接受け取る。乗算器回路58は更に、第二 の入力として無線周波入力電圧信号を電圧感知変成器54から直接受け取る。 乗算器回路58の出力は、これらの二つの入力の積であり、剥離電極16によ り送られる実無線周波電力を示す。 その電力値は、(その構成要素の電流及び電圧入力値と同様に)比較的高い無 線周波数で変化する無線周波信号である。 第三の制御出力手段48は更に、低域通過フィルタ60を具備している。図示 されている実施例、すなわち500kHzの無線周波数で作動する場合は、選択 されたフィルタ60の臨界周波数は約100Hzである。急速に変化する計測入 力電力値は、低域通過フィルタ60を使用することにより、比較的低速で変化す る信号に変換される。 この信号は、無線周波エネルギーの実位相感知電力信号を示し、それは剥離電 極16により所望の組織に送られる。 第一、第二、第三の制御出力手段44、46、及び48は、それぞれ適当なイ ンライン計数回路62を具備している。計数回路62は、RMS電流信号、RM S電圧信号、及び実位相感知電力信号を発生器12の残りの回路が使用すること のできる特定の電圧領域にスケーリングする。図示されている実施例では、スケ ーリングされる領域は0.0から5.0ボルトである。 第一の監視手段38は更に、アナログ・デジタル変換器64を具備している。 変換器64は、選択された一つ又はそれ以上のアナログRMS電流出力信号、R MS電圧出力信号、及び実位相感知電力信号をデジタル化する。 変換器64のデジタル出力は、計測結果を表示するために使用することができ る。図示されている実施例では、システム10は発生器12上に第一のデジタル 表示装置66を具備し、ユーザーに実位相感知電力信号を示す。 変換器64のデジタル出力は更に、発生器12の作動を制御するために使用す ることができる。図示されている実施例では、システム10はデジタル化された 出力をフィードバックループ内で使用し、このフィードバックループは無線周波 出力電圧をある所望の領域あるいはある一定の値に維持し、剥離電極16におけ る無線周波電力を制御する。発生器12により送られる電力を制御することによ り、医師は剥離作業中、所望の深さの外傷を繰返し再生することができる。 この配置において、システム10は、入力手段68を具備し、ユーザーはそれ により発生器12のための実位相感知電力に望ましい作動値を入力することがで きる。システム10は電力制御手段70を具備しているが、これは比較器71を 有し、所望の電力と実位相感知電力とを比較する。比較器の出力は、無線周波電 源30の出力電圧を変化させ、計測された実電力と設定値の電力間の誤差を最小 限に押さえる。 図示されている実施例では、電力制御手段70は更に、無線周波電圧と電流間 の位相差を監視する。電力制御手段70は、皮相電力を計算し、計算された皮相 電力を実位相感知電力と比べることにより位相差を監視する。無線周波電圧信号 と電流信号が完璧に同期していれは、皮相電力と実位相感知電力は同じになる。 しかし、位相差がある場合、実位相感知電力は、位相角のコサインを示す因子に より、皮相電力と異なってしまう。 図示されている実施例では、電力制御手段70は、乗数回路72を具備し、そ れによりRMS電流とRMS電圧の積が求められる。乗数回路72の出力結果は 、システム10の皮相電力となる(位相感知電力ではない)。電力制御手段70 は、比較器74を具備し、得られた皮相電力と実位相感知電力を比較する。比較 器74の出力の大きさは、位相推移量を表わす。 位相推移比較器74の出力が所定量を越えると、電力制御手段70は警告信号 を生成し、無線周波電圧と電流間の位相推移が発生したことを警告する。システ ム10は、せん光灯や可聴警報機構(図には示されていない)を包含してユーザ ーに警告することもできる。 位相推移比較器74の出力がしきい値より上の許容範囲に留まっている間、電 力制御手段70は一定の設定値を維持する。位相推移比較器74の出力がこの範 囲を超えた場合、電力制御手段70は電源30の出力電圧を下げる。位相推移比 較器74の出力が最大しきい値を超えた場合、電力制御手段70は信号を発生し 、剥離電極16への全ての電力を遮断する。 本発明によると、システム10は更に、無線周波発生器12に接続されている カテーテル14の物理的及び/又は機能的特徴を識別し、監視する手段76を具 備している。 カテーテルの識別手段76の結果として生じる制御機能は、様々な形態をとる ことができる。 一つの望ましい実施例では(図4参照)、この識別手段76はカテーテル14 とその意図された使用が所定の機能的及び治療的基準に見合っていることを確実 に保証する。 この実施例において、識別手段76は発生器12に接続されているカテーテル 14の実際の機能的特徴を感知する。識別手段は、これらの実際の特徴を、所定 の標準に基づいた、意図された使用に要求される特徴と比較する。この比較に基 づき、識別手段76は、様々な出力制御信号を生成する。 この制御信号は、電力発生器12と関連して使用されるカテーテル14の作動 特徴を積極的に制御するか、あるいは受動的に監視する。システム10は従って 、要求される性能特徴に見合わないカテーテル14が使用されないようにする。 より詳しくは、カテーテル14の感知された物理的及び/又は機能的特徴が所 定の使用基準を満たしている場合は、識別手段76により生成される出力制御信 号は、カテーテル14の意図された使用を積極的に許可することを意味する。別 の実施例では、出力制御信号はこの状態において、受動的でユーザーが区別する ことのできる、「使用許可」といったメッセージを生成する。更に別の実施例で は、出力制御信号は、確認のための、ユーザーが区別することのできるメッセー ジを生成している間に使用を同時に許可することもできる。 同様に、カテーテル14の感知された物理的及び/又は機能的特徴が所定の使 用基準に見合わない場合、識別手段76により生成される出力制御信号が積極的 に介在し、カテーテル14の意図された使用を阻止する。別の実施例では、出力 制御信号はこの状態において、受動的でユーザーが区別することのできる、「使 用禁止」といった警告を生成する。更に別の実施例では、出力制御信号は、確認 のための、ユーザーが区別することのできる警告を生成している間に使用を同時 に阻止することもできる。 別の望ましい配置では(図5参照)、識別手段76はカテーテル12の使用を 追跡する信号を生成する。本発明のこの態様は、任意のカテーテル14が再使用 又は過剰使用されないよう保護するものである。 これらの配置の詳細は、以下で述べられる。 カテーテルと発生器間の インターフェースの制御及び監視 図4において、識別手段76は連結しているカテーテル14の実際の物理的及 び/又は機能的特徴を感知し、これらと所定の基準とを比較する。 図4が示すように、識別手段76はカテーテルのハンドル20内に収められた 手段88を具備し、カテーテル14がシステム10に連結されている際、他と区 別してコード化された識別信号90を自動的に生成する。信号90は、カテーテ ル14及びそれに連結されている電極16の特定の能力及び/又は物理的特徴を 、他と区別して示すことができるようコード化されている。 そのコードにより識別される選択されたカテーテルの特徴は、様々な形式を取 ることができる。その特徴とは、電極の表面積、形態、方位、及びフィールド配 置性状を含む。それらは更に、温度センサー又はサーミスタ及びそれに関連する 抵抗校正値を示す。また、単にカテーテルの製品番号又はその他の商業用名称を 示すこともできる。 ハンドル内に収められたカテーテルの識別手段88は、様々な形態を取ること ができる。 ある実施例では、カテーテルの識別手段88は所定のオーム値を持つレジスタ を具備することができ、そのオーム値はカテーテル14の物理的及び/又は能力 特徴により異なる。感知されたオーム値は、カテーテルのための識別コードとな る。 別の望ましい実施例では、カテーテルの識別手段88は、レジスタの代わりに 半導体マイクロチップ、読取り専用メモリ(ROM)、電気的消去可能・プログ ラム可能読取り専用メモリ(EEROM)、電気的プログラム可能読取り専用メ モリ(EPROM)、又は不揮発性ランダムアクセスメモリをハンドル20内に 担持することができる。マイクロチップは、カテーテルの識別コード及びその他 の情報を示すデジタル値であらかじめプログラムすることができる。このように して、カテーテルそのものは、プログラムにより、その作動及び機能的特徴に関 する情報を記憶することができる。 識別手段76は、レジスタ手段92を具備し、カテーテル14が発生器12に 連結されている場合、感知されたカテーテルの識別コードを記録する。 識別手段76は更に、システムの読取り専用メモリ内にカテーテル基準参照用 テーブル86を具備している。テーブル86は、システム10と関連した使用の 認められたカテーテルのタイプ、及び使用の認められないカテーテルのタイプを 列挙している。その選択基準は、安全且つ有効な治療のための使用に必要とされ る能力及び/又は物理的特徴を考慮しており、それらは経験によるテスト、政府 の規定に拠る認可、及び同様の関連する考慮事項に基づいている。 参照用テーブル86内の、認められているカテーテルのタイプはコード化され 、カテーテル14の持つ識別コードに対応している。 参照用テーブル86のコードは更に、異なるカテーテル14の物理的及び/又 は能力的特徴を、経験的テストで決定されるような、異なる設定電力条件で分類 することが望ましい。 この配置において、テーブル86は識別手段76に対し、相互作用的に、発生 器12に対して設定された特定の電力条件を考慮して、承認できるカテーテルと できないカテーテルのタイプを区別する許可を与える。 識別手段76が発生器12の選択された電力出力を考慮する際、あるカテーテ ルコードは選択された低電力出力での使用は認められるが、該カテーテルコード は選択されたより高い電力出力では使用が認められない場合がある。 識別手段76は更に、比較器96を具備している。比較器96は、インプット 68を監視し、設定電力条件を決定し、感知されたカテーテルのタイプ(レジス タ手段92内に記録されている)をカテーテル基準テーブル86内のカテーテル のタイプと比較する。 感知されたカテーテル14の物理的及び/又は機能的特徴と、設定された電力 条件における所定の基準が一致する場合、比較器96は第一の制御信号78を生 成する。感知されたカテーテル14の物理的及び/又は機能的特徴と、設定され た電力条件における所定の基準が一致しない場合、比較器96は第二の制御信号 80を生成する。 第一の制御信号78は、医師が選択されたカテーテル14を使用して設定され た電力条件にてシステム10を操作することを可能にする。更に、第一の制御信 号78は、確認のための、ユーザーが区別できる、「使用可」といったメッセー ジ79を生成することが望ましい。 第二の制御信号80は、システム10の、設定された電力条件での作動を不可 にするか、少なくとも使用を留まるように促す。第二の制御信号80の特定の作 動効果は、様々な形態を取ることができる。 望ましい実施例では、第二の制御信号80はインターロック82を作動させ、 電力発生器12を使用できないようにする。インターロック82は、システム1 0の操作を抑制し、それによりカテーテル14の意図された使用が不可となる。 別の実施例では、第二の制御信号80はこの状態において、ユーザーが区別で きる「使用不可」といった警告メッセージ84を生成する。第二の制御信号80 は、確認のための、ユーザーが区別できる警告84を生成している間に、同時に インターロック82を作動することが最も望ましい。 識別手段76は更に、医師のための情報源となることが望ましい。このモード において、識別手段76は参照用テーブル87を具備し、カテーテルの識別コー ドを、選択されたカテーテル14に関する有効な物理的及び能力的情報を含む、 ユーザーが読み取ることのできるメッセージと関連付ける。このメッセージは、 カテーテルの製造元、及び剥離電極の表面積及び温度感知要素の有無を含む、そ の他の関連する特徴を掲げることができる。メッセージは更に、そのカテーテル に認められた、又は奨励されている設定電力条件を掲げることもできる。 この実施例において、識別手段76は第二の比較器97を具備している。比較 器は、レジスタ手段92に記録されているコードを読取り、テーブル87を参照 して対応するメッセージを求める。比較器97は、そのメッセージを表示装置9 9に出力し、医師が読み取れるようにする。 カテーテル使用の監視 図5が示すように、識別手段76は更に、カテーテル14の使用を監視する役 割をも果たすことができる。 この望ましい実施例において、識別手段76はカテーテルのハンドル20内に 収まる使用レジスタ98を具備している。使用レジスタ98は、カテーテル14 の使用回数を示すデジタル値を記録する。 この使用レジスタ98は、カテーテルのハンドル20内に収まる不揮発性ラン ダムアクセスメモリを担持する半導体マイクロチップを具備することが望ましい 。 使用レジスタ98は、製造元によりゼロのデジタル値が初期値としてプログラ ムされている。使用レジスタ98は、このデジタル値を生成するための出力手段 100を具備している。使用レジスタ98は更に、各使用後にそのデジタル値を 増加させる入力手段102を具備している。 識別手段76は、カテーテル14の使用が許可される度に、使用レジスタ98 により記録されるデジタル値を1ずつ増加させるための手段104を具備してい る。 識別手段76は更に、発生器12と共にカテーテル14を使用することを許可 する前に、使用レジスタ98内に記録されているデジタル値を確認するための手 段106を具備している。 この配置において、識別手段76は比較器108を具備し、記録されているデ ジタル値と使用基準テーブル110内の、最高使用可能回数を示す設定値を比較 する。 記録されている値が設定値よりも小さい場合、比較器は信号114を生成し、 カテーテル14が電力発生器12と共に継続して使用されることを許可する。 記録されている値が設定値と同じか、それより大きい場合、比較器108は信 号116を生成し、前述の電力インターロック82を作動させる。インターロッ ク82は、カテーテル14が発生器12と共に使用されることを阻止する。 別の実施例では、比較器108は単に表示装置112を作動させ、医師に対し て選択されたカテーテル14を再使用しないよう警告する。もちろん、識別手段 は、インターロック82及び表示装置112の両方を作動させることもできる。 本発明の様々な特徴は以下の請求の範囲で定義される。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1.所定の作動特徴を持つ機能的構成要素を担持する本体を具備するカテーテル において、 本体は更に、機能的構成要素の所定の作動特徴を他と区別して示す識別コード を保持するための電子的手段と、 所定のプロンプトに応答して外部の読取り装置に識別コードを送信するための 出力手段を含む電子的保持手段と を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 2.請求項1記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記機能的構成要素がエネルギー放射電極 を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 3.請求項1記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記本体が内部領域を持つハンドルを有し、 前記電子的保持手段がハンドルの内部領域に担持されていること を特徴とするカテーテル。 4.請求項3記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記機能的構成要素がエネルギー放射電極を担持するガイド本体 を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 5.請求項1記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記電子的保持手段が識別コードを含む所定の抵抗値を持つ構成要素 を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 6.請求項1記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記電子的保持手段が識別コードをデジタル値として担持しているマイクロチ ップ を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 7.請求項1記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記電子的保持手段が不揮発性ランダムアクセスメモリ を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 8.請求項6記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記電子的保持手段が読取り専用メモリを有すること を特徴とするカテーテル。 9.請求項6記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記電子的保持手段が電気的プログラム可能読取り専用メモリ を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 10.所定の作動特徴を持つ機能的構成要素を担持するカテーテルを有するシス テムにおいて、 カテーテルが更に、機能的構成要素の所定の作動特徴を他と区別して示す識別 コードを電子的に保持する手段と、所定のプロンプトに応答して識別コードを生 成する出力手段を含む電子的保持手段を有し、 システムが更に、カテーテルの機能的構成要素と相互作用するための装置手段 を有し、 該装置手段がカテーテルと相互作用のための装置を連結するための手段と、 カテーテルに連結されている際に作動し、電子的保持手段を促して識別コード を生成させるための手段と、 生成された識別コードを記録するための手段と、 カテーテルと装置手段との相互作用を支配する所定の基準を保存するための手 段と、 記録手段と保存手段に接続されており、生成された識別コードと所定の相互作 用基準を比較し、生成された識別コードが所定の相互作用基準を満たしている場 合、第一の制御信号を生成し、生成された識別コードが所定の相互作用基準を満 たしていない場合、第一の制御信号とは異なる第二の制御信号を生成する手段と を有することを特徴とするシステム。 11.請求項10記載のシステムにおいて、 前記装置手段が第一の制御信号に応答して連結されているカテーテルと共に第 一の相互作用モードで作動し、第二の制御信号に応答して連結されているカテー テルと共に、第一の相互作用モードとは異なる第二の相互作用モードで作動する ための制御手段 を有することを特徴とするシステム。 12.請求項10記載のシステムにおいて、 前記装置手段が第一の制御信号に応答して連結されているカテーテルとの相互 作用を許可し、第二の制御信号に応答して連結されているカテーテルとの相互作 用を抑制するためのインターロック手段 を有することを特徴とするシステム。 13.請求項10記載のシステムにおいて、 前記装置手段が第一の制御信号に応答してユーザーが区別できる第一の信号を 生成し、第二の制御信号に応答してユーザーが区別できる、第一の信号とは異な る、ユーザーが区別できる第二の信号を生成するための手段 を有することを特徴とするシステム。 14.所定の作動特徴を持つ機能的構成要素を担持する本体を具備するカテーテ ルにおいて、 本体は更に機能的構成要素の使用を示すコードを保持する電子的手段と、 所定のプロンプトに応答してこの使用コードを生成するための出力手段と、機 能的構成要素の使用に応答してこの使用コードを更新するための入力手段を含む 電子的保持手段と を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 15.請求項14記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記機能的構成要素がエネルギー放射電極 を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 16.請求項14記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記本体が内部領域を持つハンドルを有し、 前記電子的保持手段がハンドルの内部領域に収められていること を特徴とするカテーテル。 17.請求項16記載のカテーテルにおいて、 前記機能的構成要素がエネルギー放射電極を担持するガイド本体 を有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 18.所定の作動特徴を持つ機能的構成要素を担持するカテーテルを有するシス テムにおいて、 カテーテルが更に、機能的構成要素の使用回数を示すコードを電子的に保持す る手段と、所定のプロンプトに応答してその使用コードを生成する出力手段とそ の使用コードを更新する入力手段を含む電子的保持手段を有し、 システムが更に、カテーテルの機能的構成要素と相互作用するための装置手段 を有し、 該装置手段がカテーテルと相互作用のための装置を連結するための手段と、 カテーテルに連結されている際に作動し、電子的保持手段を促して使用コード を生成させるための手段と、 生成された使用コードを記録する手段と、 機能的構成要素の最高使用可能回数を示す所定値を保存するための手段と、 記録手段と保存手段に接続されており、生成された使用コードと所定の使用値 を比較し、生成された使用コードが所定の使用値より小さい場合、第一の制御信 号を生成し、生成された使用コードが所定の使用値と同じかより大きい場合、第 一の制御信号とは異なる第二の制御信号を生成する手段と を有することを特徴とするシステム。 19.請求項18記載のシステムにおいて、 前記装置手段が第一の制御信号に応答して連結されているカテーテルと相互作 用した操作を行うことを許可し、第二の制御信号に応答して接続されているカテ ーテルとの相互作用モードで操作を行うことを抑制するための制御手段を 有することを特徴とするシステム。 20.請求項18記載のシステムにおいて、 前記装置手段が第一の制御信号に応答してユーザーが区別できる第一の信号を 生成し、第二の制御信号に応答してユーザーが区別できる、第一の信号とは異な る、ユーザーが区別できる第二の信号を生成するための手段を有することを 特徴とするシステム。 21.請求項18記載のシステムにおいて、 前記装置手段が連結されているカテーテルと相互作用する操作を行った後で使 用コードを更新するために、電子的保持手段の持つ入力手段に対して信号を生成 するための手段 を有することを特徴とするシステム。 22.システムにおいて、 第一の所定の作動特徴を持つ機能的構成要素を担持する第一のカテーテルを有 し、 第一のカテーテルが更に、機能的構成要素の第一の所定の作動特徴を他と区別 して示す第一の識別コードを電子的に保持する手段と、所定のプロンプトに応答 して第一の識別コードを生成する出力手段を含む保存手段を有し、 第一の所定の作動特徴とは異なる第二の所定の作動特徴を持つ機能的構成要素 を担持する第二のカテーテルを有し、 第二のカテーテルが更に、機能的構成要素の第二の所定の作動特徴を他と区別 して示す、第一の識別コードとは異なる第二の識別コードを電子的に保持する手 段と、所定のプロンプトに応答して第二の識別コードを生成する出力手段を含む 保存手段を有し、 システムが更に、第一又は第二のカテーテルの機能的構成要素と相互作用する ための装置手段を有し、 該装置手段が第一又は第二のカテーテルを相互作用のために連結させる手段と 、 所定のプロンプトを提供して連結しているカテーテルの電子的保持手段から第 一又は第二の識別コードを生成させるための手段と、 第一の識別コードが受け取られた際に第一の制御信号を生成し、第二の識別コ ードが受け取られた際に第一の制御信号とは異なる、第二の制御信号を生成する 手段と を有することを特徴とするシステム。 23.所定の作動特徴を持つ剥離電極を担持する本体を有する組織剥離カテーテ ルにおいて 本体が更に、剥離電極の所定の作動特徴を他と区別して示す識別コードを保持 するための電子的手段と、所定のプロンプトに応答してその識別コードを外部の 読取り装置に転送するための出力手段を含む電子的保持手段と を有することを特徴とする組織剥離カテーテル。 24.所定の作動特徴を持つ剥離電極を担持する本体を有する組織剥離カテーテ ルにおいて、 本体が更に剥離電極の使用回数を示すコードを保持するための電子的手段と、 所定のプロンプトに応答してその使用コードを外部の読取り装置に転送するため の出力手段と使用に応答してその使用コードを更新する入力手段を含む電子的保 持手段と を有することを特徴とする組織剥離カテーテル。 25.エネルギーを組織剥離電極に供給するための装置において、 第一の電力モードと、第一の電力モードとは異なる第二の電力モードにおいて 電極のための剥離エネルギーを産出するための発生手段と、 電極を発生手段に接続させるための手段と、 第一の特徴を持つ剥離電極が発生手段に接続されている場合、第一の制御条件 を記録し、第一の特徴とは異なる第二の特徴を持つ剥離電極が発生手段に接続さ れている場合、第二の制御条件を記録する手段と、 記録手段に応答し、第一の制御条件が記録されている場合に第一の電力モード で発生手段を作動させ、第二の制御条件が記録されている場合に第二の電力モー ドで発生手段を作動させる制御手段と を有することを特徴とする装置。
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CA2148714A1 (en) 1994-05-26
EP0746249A4 (en) 1996-10-07
US5383874A (en) 1995-01-24
US5651780A (en) 1997-07-29
CA2148714C (en) 2006-12-05
EP0746249A1 (en) 1996-12-11

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