JPH0829996B2 - Liquid organic fertilizer manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a liquid organic fertilizer using seaweed as a raw material.

Seaweed has been attracting attention in recent years due to its unique component and is being developed for use in various fields. As a fertilizer using seaweed, an organic fertilizer containing reducing sugar and amino acid nitrogen, which are obtained by neutralizing seaweed after acid decomposition, is known (Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho).
57-8079). In this case, since hydrochloric acid is mainly used for acid decomposition of seaweed, chlorine is contained in the fertilizer. Chlorine may cause acidification of the soil or solubilize insoluble salts in the soil to cause salt damage, which is likely to cause a problem in greenhouse cultivation and the like. In addition, acid decomposition destroys substances such as vitamins that are useful for plant growth in seaweed, and thus does not fully utilize the active ingredients of seaweed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-85488 describes an organic fertilizer obtained by aerobically fermenting a residue obtained by extracting agar components from red algae such as Agaricus japonicus and Ogonori. In this case, only a part of the dried agar extraction residue could be used, and there was a drawback that fermentation took a long time of about 2 months.

As a method of mixing and fermenting other seaweed with other components
52-102167, JP-A-54-35066, JP-A-63-245640
No., etc. are disclosed, but each of them was troublesome.

The present inventor has completed the present invention as a result of researching a method for producing a liquid organic fertilizer from seaweed focusing on extracting a large amount of an active ingredient of seaweed in a water-soluble form that is easily absorbed by plants in a short time treatment. .

The present invention is a method for producing a liquid organic fertilizer, which comprises subjecting seaweed to fibrinolysis in water or a buffer solution with a fibrinolytic enzyme, and subjecting the decomposed solution to clarification filtration.

Since the liquid organic fertilizer of the present invention has a very low chlorine content, it is possible to prevent high salt damage in soil. In addition, since it is a mild process called oxygen decomposition, it can be taken out without damaging the vitamins, betaines, and hormone substances in seaweed.

Furthermore, the enzymatic decomposition time can be as short as 1 to 10 hours. The enzymatically decomposed product of seaweed used in the present invention is obtained by enzymatically decomposing seaweed in water or a buffer solution. As the seaweed, for example, gonad, ginkgo biloba, seaweed, etc. are used. You may use 2 or more types of seaweed. The seaweed may be used as it is, but it is preferable to perform pretreatment such as heat treatment and shredding. As the seaweed, as shown in Example 1, seaweed which is capable of forming an enzymatic decomposition solution having the highest organic nitrogen content is most preferable.

The fibrinolytic enzyme means an enzyme group that decomposes fibrin such as cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase,
A commercial item can be used.

Examples of the buffer solution include organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and fumaric acid, and salts thereof, inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid and salts thereof, alkali such as caustic soda, caustic potash, and sodium bicarbonate, or Two or more aqueous solutions are used.

When carrying out enzymatic decomposition, 20 to 200 parts by weight of water or a buffer solution is added to 1 part by weight of one or more kinds of seaweed,
If necessary, adjust the pH to 4-8 and then add the enzyme. The decomposition temperature is 20 to 60 ° C, and the decomposition is usually completed in 1 to 10 hours. Before enzymatic decomposition, protease, amylase or the like may be added before, during or after the completion of the enzymatic decomposition.

The seaweed enzyme-decomposed product-containing solution thus obtained is usually used after filtering off insolubles. Depending on the application, nitrogen, phosphoric acid,
It is also possible to add potassium, calcium, magnesium, trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper and the like, vitamins and the like to obtain a compound liquid fertilizer.

Since the liquid organic fertilizer of the present invention has an extremely low chlorine content as compared with the case where seaweed is acid-decomposed with hydrochloric acid, it does not cause high salinity of the soil even if it is sprayed in a large amount for a long time. In acid decomposition, treatment is carried out at a temperature of 100 to 103 ° C. for several hours, so that active ingredients in seaweed, such as vitamins that are growth promoting substances, may be decomposed and their efficacy may be lost. In contrast, 20-60 in enzymatic degradation
In order to decompose seaweed under mild conditions such as ℃ and pH 4-8,
A fertilizer containing reducing sugars, peptides, various amino acids, bases, vitamins and the like in good harmony can be obtained without the active ingredient being decomposed by heat and acid.

The liquid organic fertilizer of the present invention is used for vegetables, flowers, fruit trees and the like, and may be added to irrigation in greenhouse cultivation, for example. It may also be used as a foliar spray.

Example 1 30 g of various dried seaweeds were cut into small pieces, 1000 g of water and 0.64 g of citric acid, a fibrinolytic enzyme (cellulase A "Amano")
4.5 g (manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 45 ° C. for 6 hours for enzymatic decomposition. Next, the decomposition liquid was filtered to obtain 1000 g of liquid organic fertilizer. Table 1 shows the contents and decomposition efficiency of this liquid organic fertilizer.

Example 2 To 700 g of the organic fertilizer of Example 1, urea (135 g), monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate (70 g) were added, and water was added to make a total amount of 1,000 g.

Each fertilizer was used in Example 2-1, Example 2-2, and Example 2.
-3, Example 2-4, Example 2-5, Example 2-6, Example 2-7, Example 2-8, and Example 2-9.

Example 3 A total of 30 g of seaweed consisting of 12 g of Ogonori, 12 g of ginkgo and 6 g of seaweed was shredded, and then 1000 g of water, 74 mg of malic acid, and 1000 m of tartaric acid.
g and fibrinolytic enzyme (cellulase A "Amano" 3, manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 45 ° C. for 6 hours for enzymatic decomposition. Then, the decomposed liquid is filtered and the liquid organic fertilizer is 1000 g.
was gotten. To 700 g of this organic fertilizer, 135 g of urea, 70 g of monopotassium phosphate and 70 g of dipotassium phosphate were added, respectively, and water was added to make a total amount of 1000 g.

Comparative example To a total of 30 g of seaweed, 12 g of ginseng, 12 g of ginkgo and 6 g of seaweed, add 1000 g of 4% hydrochloric acid concentration, 1% citric acid concentration and 5% total acid concentration, and stir at 100-103 ° C for about 8 hours The mixture was heated to reflux for hydrolysis, filtered, and the filtrate was neutralized with 20% NH ₄ OH to obtain about 1000 g of liquid organic fertilizer. To this organic fertilizer 700g, urea 110g monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate 70g were added, respectively, and water was added to make the total amount 1000g.

Test Example Using the liquid fertilizers of Examples 2, 3 and Comparative Example, a fertilization effect test was conducted on corn (variety: sweet corn). Alluvial soil was filled in 1/5000 ares of Wagner pots (3 stations), and 1 strain was cultivated per 1 ward.
Corn was sown on 4th August and harvested on 6th September. Fertilizer is divided into 3 times on 2nd, 20th and 26th of August, 15m each
1 was diluted with water during irrigation and applied. The plant height of corn was determined during the cultivation period, and the dry matter weight was determined after harvesting.
Table 2 shows the results. The figures in the table are average values of 3 shares.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A process for producing a liquid organic fertilizer, which comprises decomposing a seaweed into fibrin with a fibrinolytic enzyme in water or a buffer solution, and clarifying and filtering the decomposed solution. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seaweed is seaweed.