JPH0729830B2 - Continuous production equipment for long ceramic plates - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention forms a continuous forming band by continuous extrusion molding of a raw material containing clay as a main component, and a powdery glaze is added to the undried continuous forming band. The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing a long porcelain plate having a predetermined length and having a surface make-up by continuously spraying frits, then drying, cutting to a fixed length, and continuously firing.

[Conventional technology]

For tiles and tiles, the continuous strip sent from the molding machine is cut into short pieces and further shaped by press processing, etc., which is dried and fired, or the mold is filled with the material, and this is molded by the press. It was manufactured by either drying or firing. Moreover, the firing was carried out by loading the molded roof tiles and tiles on a trolley in 5 to 7 steps, and taking several days.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In this type of apparatus, it takes several days for the drying and firing steps, and therefore it was not possible to perform drying and firing in a continuous zone due to the reasons of productivity, cost and location. Moreover, a long body could not be formed by the conventional apparatus. Moreover, since the glaze is made by passing between glazes that flow in a waterfall shape, it is not evenly applied, and even adheres to undesired areas such as the back surface.
There was a defect that it was stuck to a dolly or the like during firing.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate such a defect, the present invention continuously extrudes a clay-based raw material into an undried continuous forming strip continuously extruded from the extruder. A sprinkler that sprays powdered glaze and frit from above, a dryer that dries the continuous forming strip while transporting it, a traveling cutter that cuts the continuous forming strip sent from the dryer to a certain length, and a run A long drying plate that has been cut into a regular length by a cutter is continuously arranged in a linear manner in a firing furnace that performs preheating-firing-slow cooling, and the ceramic plate is a long body and continuously for a shorter time than before. In addition, the present invention provides a continuous manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a long porcelain plate which is manufactured at low cost and has a beautiful and even decorative surface.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for long porcelain plates according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of the above apparatus. In the figure,
Reference numeral 1 is clay, which is a mixture of several kinds of raw materials and chamotte or the like which is added as required through a kneader (not shown), and is supplied to the extruder 2 through a belt conveyor 1a. . The extrusion molding machine 2 forms the continuous molding strip A from the die 3 with a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to (j), for example. Clay 1 is a natural product and has different components depending on each production site. These characteristics and weak points are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay. As an example of the clay 1, clay, feldspar, kaolinite, halloysite, metahalloysite, kibushi clay, frog eye clay, Shigaraki wood clay, etc. are crushed and kneaded with water. If necessary, the clay 1 may be ironed by a magnet. Further, the die 3 is not deformed by the force of the clay 1 pushed out, and is equipped with a core (not shown) if necessary. Reference numeral 4 denotes a drive conveyor, which is composed of at least one kind of roller such as a free roller, a drive roller, a belt and a mesh belt (not shown), and is driven in synchronization with the speed of extrusion from the extruder 2. It has been multiplied by. Therefore, the continuous molding strip A extruded from the extruder 2 has a function of correcting twisting and warping. A spraying machine 5 is located above the drive carrier 4, and sprays powdery frit and glaze B onto the undried continuous molding strip A. The frit and glaze B are scattered in powder form, but the continuous molding strip A is not dried, so that the frit and glaze B that are in direct contact are attached. Further, since the frit and the glaze B which are not in direct contact do not adhere, there is no unevenness and it is possible to disperse them uniformly. A dryer 6 dries the moisture of the continuous molding strip A containing about 18 to 30% of water to 0 to 2%. More specifically, the dryer 6 is composed of a heat source 7, a transport mechanism 8 and a cover 9. The heat source 7 may be, for example, an infrared heater, a far infrared heater, a microwave, or a firing furnace 12 (not shown) which will be described later. It uses waste heat. In particular, when an infrared heater or a far infrared heater is used as the heat source 7, when a feldspar, which is one component in the clay 1, or quartz is irradiated, continuous molding is performed due to the synergistic effect of the far infrared rays emitted from the clay itself. The surface layer and the central layer of the band A can be dried in a short time. The transport mechanism 8 is composed of a transport roller or one kind such as a mesh belt (not shown) and has heat resistance. The cover 9 holds the heat supplied from the heat source 7 in a constant space, and efficiently supplies the heat to the continuous forming band A. Reference numeral 10 is a traveling cutter, which cuts the continuous forming strip A supplied from the dryer 6 into a fixed length by a rotary blade, laser, water pressure, and electric discharge machining to form a long length drying plate A '(hereinafter, simply referred to as a drying plate). Is. Of course, the traveling cutter 10 cuts in synchronization with the speed of the continuous forming band A. 11 is a transfer machine, a traveling cutter
The drying plate A ′ cut into a regular size at 10 is conveyed to the firing furnace 12 at a speed faster than the driving conveyer 4, and prevents the continuous forming strip A from colliding with the drying plate A ′. . Reference numeral 12 denotes a baking furnace for baking the drying plate A'and vitrifying the frit and the glaze B so as to serve as a surface makeup. The firing furnace 12 is composed of one of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type firing furnace, and its configuration has a mountain-shaped temperature distribution from the inlet 12a to the outlet 12b, and includes a preheating region 13, a firing region 14, and a cooling region 15. The preheating zone 13 has a temperature of 150 to 700 ° C., and the firing zone 14 has
The temperature is 300 to 1300 ° C, and the cooling region 15 is up to 600 to 100 ° C. Of course, the temperature setting between the regions differs depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between the regions is not clearly divided but is a temporary division in the continuous firing. The firing furnace 12 will be further described. The firing furnace 12 burns a combustible gas, for example, LPG gas to burn the drying plate A ', and the arrangement of burners (not shown) for that purpose corresponds to each of the above regions. It is to be provided.
Further, a mesh belt, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, an alumina roller or the like is used as a conveying means for the drying plate A'in the firing furnace 12 , and the firing area 14 is particularly 1300 ° C.
Since the temperature rises to the maximum, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, an alumina roller 18 is placed between the metal main shafts 16 and 17 so that the heat conduction is prevented from being transmitted to the drive source.
Incidentally, the firing region 14 of the firing furnace 12 forms a furnace with refractory bricks, etc., and is to pass through it linearly and continuously,
An exhaust damper (not shown) is provided between each device and area. 19 is a carrier, which is the outlet 12b of the firing furnace 12 .
It is for transporting the long porcelain plate A ″ that has come out from the next step to the next step such as packing.

Next, the operation will be described.

First, a clay 1 composed of Shigaraki clay, chamotte, a water reducing agent and water is prepared. The weight% is Shigaraki clay 61.5.
%, Chamotte 20%, water-reducing agent 0.5% (trade name: Cellflow, manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and water 18% were kneaded with a clay kneader (MP-100 type manufactured by Miyazaki Iron Works Co., Ltd.). Also extrusion machine
2 used a model name MV-FM-A-1 type (manufactured by Miyazaki Iron Works Co., Ltd.) having an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150 l / hr. Further, as the driving transporting machine 4, one in which driving rollers are arranged in a ladder shape is used, and the spraying machine 5 is positioned above, and the powdery frit and the glaze B are sprayed. Further, as the dryer 6 , a far-infrared panel heater having a wavelength of 4 to 400 μm is used as a heat source, and 10 heaters are arranged in a distance of 10 meters.
It is dried up to about 2%. Next, the dried continuous forming strip A is cut into, for example, 3 m by the traveling cutter 10, becomes a drying plate A ′, and is continuously fed to the firing furnace 12 by the transfer device 11. The baking furnace 12 is formed in a roller hearth kiln structure, and a drying plate A ′ is provided for this roller.
Is sequentially fed from the inlet 12a to the outlet 12b and conveyed,
It is preheated → fired → slowly cooled and delivered as a long porcelain plate A ″. Next, it is conveyed by a conveyor 19 to the next step such as a packing step, which is not shown. It is also possible to apply a pattern to the continuous forming band A by a surface pattern forming machine 20 such as an embossing roll, as shown in FIG.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, the long porcelain plate can be extruded from clay, dried, and annealed so that it can be performed by a straight line arranged in a straight line in order of high speed, and high speed. It is characterized by high yield in production and continuous production at low cost. Furthermore, the length of the porcelain plate has the feature that it can be cut to any length. Moreover, since the glaze and the frit are sprinkled in the form of powder, it is not necessary to adjust the water content by mixing the glaze, and only those that are in direct contact with the continuous forming band are attached and can be sprinkled evenly. Further, since the glaze and the frit are vitrified at the same time as the baking of the dry plate, the energy cost can be reduced. There are features such as.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a continuous porcelain plate continuous production apparatus according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) to (j) are explanatory views showing an example of a continuous forming band, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows a part of baking furnace. 1 ... Clay, 2 ... Extruder, 5 ... Spreader, 6 ... Dryer, 10 ... Traveling cutter, 12 ... Firing furnace, A ″ ... Long porcelain plate.

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location C04B 33/30 L 33/34

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An extrusion molding machine for continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main material, a driving transport machine for transporting a continuous molding strip fed from the extrusion molding machine in that state, and a driving machine. A sprayer for spraying powdered frits and glazes while being transported by a transporter, and a dryer for drying the moisture to 0 to 2% while moving the continuous molding strip transported by the drive transporter. And a traveling cutter that cuts a continuous forming strip dried by the dryer to a fixed length, and a transfer device that conveys a long drying plate cut to a fixed length by the traveling cutter at a faster speed than the drive conveyor. And a baking furnace for continuously preheating, baking, and gradually cooling a long drying plate sent from the transfer machine, and a carrier machine for sending the long drying plate from the exit of the baking furnace to the next step are linearly arranged. A continuous production device for long porcelain plates.