JPH0660051B2 - Continuous production equipment for long ceramic plates - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention forms a continuous zone by continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main component, which is dried, glazed and fired in a short time, and cut into a regular length. Then, the present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing a long porcelain plate having a predetermined length.

[Conventional technology]

For tiles and tiles, the continuous strip sent from the molding machine is cut into short pieces and further shaped by press processing, etc., which is dried and fired, or the mold is filled with the material, and this is molded by the press. It was manufactured by either drying or firing. Moreover, firing takes place by loading molded roof tiles, tiles, etc. on a trolley in 5 to 7 steps, and taking several days.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In this type of apparatus, it takes several days for the drying and firing steps, and therefore it was not possible to perform drying and firing in a continuous zone due to the reasons of productivity, cost and location. Further, in the conventional apparatus, since the uncured roof tiles and tiles are dried from the surface, there is a disadvantage that the roof tiles and tiles are twisted or cracked during drying and firing. Further, the conventional apparatus cannot form a long body, and even a uniform roof tile or tile can be produced only within a large tolerance. In addition, since the glaze is applied by passing it between the glazes that flow in a waterfall shape, it has the drawback that it is not applied evenly, and it also adheres to undesired areas such as the back surface and sticks to the cart during firing. It was

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate such defects, the present invention is to provide an infrared heater next to the vacuum forming machine to dry from the center of the continuous forming zone, and then to provide a dryer using a heat source from a firing furnace, Next, arrange the glaze machine, high frequency heater, firing furnace in this order,
A beautiful enameled face with a traveling cutter installed at its exit, and these are arranged linearly so that the porcelain plate can be manufactured in a long body, continuously, in a shorter time than before, and at a low cost with a small device. The present invention provides a continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate having the above.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for long porcelain plates according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of the above apparatus. In the figure,
Reference numeral 1 is clay, which is mixed with several kinds of raw materials through a kneading machine such as chamotte (not shown), and is supplied to the vacuum forming machine 3 through the belt conveyor 2. The vacuum forming machine 3 continuously extrudes the clay 1 into a shape as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), for example. In addition, clay 1
Is a natural product and has different components depending on each production area. These characteristics and weak points are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay. As an example of the clay 1, pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halosite, metahalosite, kibushi clay, frog eye clay, Shigaraki clay, etc. are crushed and kneaded by adding water. If necessary, the clay 1 may be ironed by a magnet. Reference numeral 4 is a heater, which uses infrared rays as a heat source and is effective for drying in a short time from the central portion of the continuous molding strip A to the surface layer. For example, clay 1 having a water content of 18 to 20% is about 10 to 5%. Reduced to
It is for enhancing the shape retention. 5 is an apparatus for further reducing the water content of the continuous forming strip A, for example, 1% to 0% by a dryer.
It is heated at a temperature of ℃ on a mesh belt or the like while moving. The heat source of the dryer 5 is, for example, hot air using waste heat sent from the firing furnace 16 , and the hot air is, for example, the third air.
As shown in the figure, it is injected from the pipe 6 or the like to the continuous forming strip A,
The atmosphere of the dryer 5 is uniformly heated by stirring with the fan 7. 8 is a glaze machine, a spray gun, a glaze applicator 9 such as a flow coater (spray gun in the figure), and a conveyor belt.
The conveyor belt 10 comprises a V-belt and the like, as shown in FIG. 4, between original and driven wheels 12 and 13 (not shown). The high-frequency heater 14 irradiates microwaves, heats the feldspar and quartz in the glaze B to generate infrared rays, dries the glaze B in a shorter time, and sends it to the next step. . The microwave frequency is about 915MHz to 2450MHz. The transport roller 15 is made of a heat-resistant material other than metal. The firing furnace 16 has a mountain-shaped temperature distribution from the inlet 16a to the outlet 16b, and is configured by temporarily dividing the preheating region 17, the firing region 18, and the cooling region 19 in order, and the temperature of the preheating region 17 is 150 to 700.
℃, firing area 18 is 800 ~ 1300 ℃, cooling area 19 is 600 ~ 100
Up to about ℃. Of course, the temperature setting between the regions differs depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between the regions is not a clear division but a temporary division during continuous firing. Further the sintering furnace 16 will be described, the firing furnace 16 is intended to firing combustible gas, for example, a continuous molding zone A by burning LPG gas, arrangement of a burner (not shown) therefor corresponding to the respective areas It is to be provided. Further, a mesh belt, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, an alumina roller, or the like is used as a conveying means of the continuous forming zone A in the firing furnace 16 , but especially in the range of the firing area 18, the temperature rises to about 1300 ° C. As shown in FIG. 5, an alumina roller is provided between the metal spindles 20 and 21.
22 is placed and conveyed so that heat conduction is not transmitted to the drive source. Reference numeral 23 is a carrier, for example, a mesh belt 26 is wound between a driving wheel 24 and a driven wheel 25, and the original and driven wheels are
A large number of free auxiliary rollers 27 are arranged between 24 and 25, and are mainly arranged in series between the heater 4 and the dryer 5 so as to improve the evaporation of water in the continuous molding zone A.
Reference numeral 28 denotes a roller which is used in the preheating region 17 and the cooling region 19 of the firing furnace 16 , and is made of steel, ceramic, or a steel material coated with ceramic. Reference numeral 29 denotes a cover, which is a tunnel-shaped member for preventing heat radiation from the heater 4 and the dryer 5 , and is made of a material having a certain degree of heat resistance and heat insulation. Reference numeral 30 denotes a furnace wall for keeping the firing furnace 16 warm, and is formed in a tunnel shape by combining refractory bricks, a heat insulating material and the like. An exhaust damper (not shown) is installed in the heater 4, the dryer 5, and the incinerator 16 so that the temperature curve can be controlled. Reference numeral 31 is a traveling cutter for cutting the continuous forming strip A to a fixed length. 32 is a transfer machine, which is a traveling cutter 31
The long-length ceramic plate A ', which has been cut in step 1, is transferred at a speed higher than the speed at which it is delivered from the firing furnace 16 to prevent collision with the continuous forming strip A.

Although not shown, a free roller, a belt, etc. are appropriately arranged between the heater 4, the dryer 5 , and the baking furnace 16 so that the continuous forming belt A does not hang down or cause an abnormality in conveyance. Is.

Next, the operation will be described.

First, a clay 1 composed of Shigaraki clay, chamotte, a water reducing agent and water is prepared. The weight% is Shigaraki Clay 61.5
%, Chamotte 20%, water-reducing agent 0.5% (trade name, Cellflow Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and water 18% were kneaded with a clay kneader (MP-100 type manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.). Also, the vacuum forming machine 3 has a model name MV-FM- with an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150 / hr.
A-1 type (made by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. As the heater 4, ten far-infrared panel heaters having a wavelength of 4μ to 400μ are arranged in 10 meters, and the moisture in the continuous molding strip A can be diffused to the surface to accelerate dehydration and reduce the moisture to 10%. Is. The dryer 5 is one which rises to 200 to 300 ° C. within about 10 to 30 m and is set to 300 ° C. and 10 meters. Furthermore, the high-frequency heater 14 has 2450 meters within the area of 2 meters in length.
It irradiates microwaves of MHz. Also, firing furnace
16 is the preheating region 17 to raise from 150 to 800 ℃ in 10m,
The firing area 18 is raised from 800 to 1300 by 5 m, and the cooling area 19
It is a structure that decreases from 130 to 100 ℃ in 10m. further,
The extrusion speed of the continuous forming zone A was set to 20 m / min, the mesh belt was arranged between the heater 4 and the dryer 5 , the preheating area 17 and the cooling area 19 were formed by iron rollers, and the firing area 18 was formed by alumina rollers. The glaze was sprayed with a spray gun.
In addition, the pass line and feed rate of each device were set the same. Therefore, the clay 1 is transferred to the vacuum forming machine 3 via the conveyor 2.
The continuous forming band A as shown in FIG. 2 (a) is continuously fed from the outlet to the heater 4 via the mesh belt 26. The heater 4 reduces the water content of the continuous forming band A to 10% and sends it to the dryer 5 . 1 to 1 in the dryer 5
It is made 0% and fed to the glaze machine 8 , the glaze B is applied to the decorative surface of the continuous forming band A, and then the baking furnace 16 is fed via the high-frequency heater 14.
To a pre-heated → fired → cooled and sent out as a long porcelain plate A ′ from the outlet 16b, which is then fed to the running cutter 31 to a fixed length, for example,
Long ceramic plates are obtained by cutting like 2424mm, 3030mm, 3636mm.

The above description is only one example of the apparatus according to the present invention, and the continuous forming strip A can be conveyed between the preheating region 17 and the cooling region 19 by the aluminum roller. Furthermore, high frequency heating machine
14 could also use infrared instead of microwave.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, clay is extruded, moisture is reduced, glaze is applied, glaze is dried for a short time, baked, and cooled in a straight line, and within a short time. Moreover, there is a great feature that it can be manufactured as a continuous zone at high speed. In addition, since infrared rays and hot air utilizing waste heat are used to reduce the water content of the clay, the water content is low, the water content can be smoothly reduced in a short time, and the mass production can be performed with high efficiency. Furthermore, the length of the porcelain plate has the feature that it can be cut to any length. In addition, enamel has a feature that it can be easily performed during continuous production. In addition, the device has the advantages that it is smaller than before and can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a continuous porcelain plate continuous production apparatus according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are perspective views showing an example of a continuous forming strip, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of the dryer, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a glaze process portion, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of the firing furnace. 1 ... Clay, 3 ... Vacuum forming machine, 4 ... Heater, 5 ...
Dryer, 8 ...... Glazing machine, 14 …… High frequency heating machine, 16 …… Baking furnace, 31 …… Running cutter, A …… Continuous forming band, A ′ ……
Long ceramic plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vacuum forming machine for continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main material, a heater using infrared rays as a heat source for drying a continuous forming band sent from the forming machine, and a continuous discharge from the heater. A dryer for drying the molding strip, and a glaze for glazeing the surface of the continuous molding strip sent from the dryer,
A high-frequency heater for heating the glaze of the continuous forming strip that has passed through the glaze machine, a firing furnace for firing the continuous forming strip delivered from the heating machine, and a firing continuous forming strip delivered from the firing furnace are defined. An apparatus for continuously producing a long porcelain plate, characterized in that a traveling cutter for cutting the long porcelain plate and a transfer device for transporting the long porcelain plate cut to a constant length by the cutter are linearly arranged.