JPH0660050B2 - Continuous production equipment for long ceramic plates - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention forms a continuous zone formed by continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main component, and drying and firing the strip for a short time to a standard length. The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing long porcelain plates having a predetermined length by cutting.

[Conventional technology]

For tiles and tiles, the continuous strip sent from the molding machine is cut into short pieces and further shaped by press processing, etc., which is dried and fired, or the mold is filled with the material, and this is molded by the press. It was manufactured by either drying or firing. Moreover, firing takes place by loading molded roof tiles, tiles, etc. on a trolley in 5 to 7 steps, and taking several days.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In this type of apparatus, it takes several days for the drying and firing steps, and therefore it was not possible to perform drying and firing in a continuous zone due to the reasons of productivity, cost and location. Further, in the conventional apparatus, since the uncured roof tiles and tiles are dried from the surface, there is a disadvantage that the roof tiles and tiles are twisted, cracked or broken during the drying and firing. Further, in the conventional apparatus, a long body cannot be formed due to the shape of the mold, and a uniform roof tile or tile can only be produced within a large tolerance.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention is to provide an infrared heater next to the vacuum forming machine to dry from the center of the continuous forming zone, and then to provide a dryer using a heat source from a firing furnace. Further heating with microwaves, then a firing furnace is installed,
A continuous production device for long porcelain plates, which is linearly arranged at the exit in the order of traveling cutters and is a long body, which is continuously manufactured in a shorter time than before and with a small device at low cost. Is provided.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for long porcelain plates according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of the above apparatus. In the figure,
Reference numeral 1 is clay, which is mixed with several kinds of raw materials through a kneading machine such as chamotte (not shown), and is supplied to the vacuum forming machine 3 through the belt conveyor 2. The vacuum forming machine 3 continuously extrudes the clay 1 into a shape as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), for example. In addition, clay 1
Is a natural product and has different components depending on each production area. These characteristics and weak points are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay. As an example of the clay 1, pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halosite, metahalosite, kibushi clay, frog eye clay, Shigaraki clay, etc. are crushed and kneaded by adding water. If necessary, the clay 1 may be ironed by a magnet. Reference numeral 4 is a heater, which uses infrared rays as a heat source and is effective for drying in a short time from the central portion of the continuous molding strip A to the surface layer. For example, clay 1 having a water content of 18 to 20% is about 10 to 5%. Reduced to
It is for enhancing the shape retention. Reference numeral 5 is an area for further reducing the water content of the continuous forming zone A by a dryer, for example, to about 5% to 2%, which is heated at about 200 to 400 ° C. The heat source of the dryer 5 is, for example, hot air using waste heat sent from the firing furnace 10. The hot air is jetted from the pipe 6 or the like to the continuous forming band A as shown in FIG. The atmosphere of the dryer 5 is uniformly heated by stirring with. Numeral 8 is a high-frequency heater, which continuously molds the moisture in the continuous molding zone A to 0% by microwaves and infrared rays, and the synergistic effect of far infrared rays generated when the quartz and feldspar in the clay 1 are irradiated with microwaves. This is for drying the surface layer and the central layer of the band A in a short time. When using the microwave, the metal roller cannot be used to convey the continuous forming strip A, and the dielectric roller 9 is used. The firing furnace 10 has an inlet 10a and an outlet 10b.
The temperature distribution has a mountain shape over the entire area, and the preheating region 11, the firing region 12, and the cooling region 13 are divided in this order to form a preheating region.
The temperature of 11 is 150 to 700 ℃, the firing area 12 is 800 to 1300 ℃,
The cooling region 13 is about 600 to 100 ° C. Of course, the temperature setting between the regions differs depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between the regions is not a clear division but a temporary division during continuous firing. The firing furnace 10 will be further described. The firing furnace 10 burns a combustible gas, for example, LPG gas to fire the continuous forming zone A, and the arrangement of burners (not shown) for that purpose corresponds to each of the above regions. It is to be provided. Also,
A mesh belt, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, an alumina roller, or the like is used as the conveying means for the continuous forming zone A in the firing furnace 10. Especially, since the temperature of the firing region 12 rises to about 1300 ° C., for example, As shown in the figure, an alumina roller 16 is placed between the metal main shafts 14 and 15 and conveyed so that heat conduction is not transmitted to a drive source. 17 is a carrier, for example, a mesh belt 20 between a driving wheel 18 and a driven wheel 19.
And a large number of free auxiliary rollers 21 are arranged between the original and driven wheels 18 and 19, and mainly the heater 4 and the dryer 5 are provided so as to improve the evaporation of water in the continuous forming zone A. They are arranged in series between them. 22 is a cover for continuous forming band A
This is because it keeps the heat in the region where the water flows linearly, and is highly adiabatic. The firing area 12 of the firing furnace 10 is formed by refractory bricks or the like and passes through it linearly and continuously, and an exhaust damper (not shown) is provided between each equipment area. There is something to keep. A traveling cutter 23 cuts the continuous forming strip A to a fixed length. Reference numeral 24 denotes a transfer machine for transferring the long-sized ceramic plate A'of a fixed length cut by the traveling cutter 23 at a speed higher than the speed at which it is sent out from the firing furnace 10 to prevent collision with the continuous forming strip A. .

Further, although not shown, a free roller, a belt, etc. are appropriately arranged between the heater 4, the dryer 5, and the baking furnace 10 so that the continuous forming belt A does not hang down or the conveyance is not abnormal. Is.

Next, the operation will be described.

First, prepare clay 1 consisting of Shigaraki wood clay, chamotte, water reducing agent and water. The weight% is Shigaraki Clay 61.5
%, Chamotte 20%, water-reducing agent 0.5% (trade name, Cellflow Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and water 18% were kneaded with a clay kneader (MP-100 type manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.). Also, the vacuum forming machine 3 has a model name MV-FM- with an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150 / hr.
A-1 type (made by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. As the heater 4, ten far-infrared panel heaters having a wavelength of 4μ to 400μ are arranged in 10 meters, and the moisture in the continuous molding strip A can be diffused to the surface to accelerate dehydration and reduce the moisture to 10%. Is. The dryer 5 rises to 200 to 300 ° C. within about 10 to 30 m, and is set to 300 ° C. and 10 meters. The high-frequency heater 8 is adapted to irradiate, for example, 915 MHz to 2450 MHz over 2 meters. Further, the firing furnace 10 has a preheating region 11
Is raised from 150 to 800 ° C for 10m, and the firing zone 12
Raise the temperature from 800 to 1300 ℃ in 5m, and cool it in the cooling zone 13 from 1300 to
It is configured to decrease to 100 ° C in 10m. Further, the extrusion speed of the continuous forming band A was set to 20 m / min, the mesh belt was arranged between the heater 4 and the dryer 5, the preheating area 11 and the cooling area 13 were formed by iron rollers, and the firing area 12 was formed by alumina rollers. . The pass lines of the continuous forming band A were at the same height, and the moving speed was set so as to be synchronized with the extrusion speed. Therefore, the clay 1 is supplied to the vacuum forming machine 3 via the conveyor 2, and the continuous forming strip A as shown in FIG. 2 (a) is continuously sent from the outlet to the heater 4 via the mesh belt 20. To pay. In the heater 4, the water content of the continuous forming band A is changed to 10
%, And feed to the dryer 5. The dryer 5 reduces the water content to 2%, and the high-frequency heater 8 reduces the water content to 0% and feeds it to the firing furnace 10 , preheats it, fires it, and cools it, and sends it out from the outlet 10b as a long porcelain plate A ', This is cut with a running cutter 23 to a constant length, for example, 2424 mm, 3030 mm, 3636 mm to obtain a long ceramic plate. [Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, extrusion of clay, reduction of water content, firing, and cooling with a small linear line, and within a short time, Moreover, it has a great feature that it can be manufactured as a continuous zone at high speed. In addition, since infrared rays, hot air using waste heat, and high-frequency heating are used to reduce the moisture content of clay, it is possible to reduce the moisture content smoothly at a low cost in a short period of time, and to produce in high efficiency and in large quantities. . Furthermore, the length of the porcelain plate has the feature that it can be cut to any length.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a continuous porcelain plate continuous production apparatus according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are perspective views showing an example of a continuous forming strip, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of the dryer, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of the firing furnace. 1 ... Clay, 3 ... Vacuum forming machine, 4 ... Heater, 5 ...
Dryer, 8 ... High-frequency heater, 10 ... Baking furnace, 23 ... Running cutter, A ... Continuous forming band, A '... Long ceramic plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vacuum forming machine for continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main material, a heater using infrared rays as a heat source for drying a continuous forming band sent from the forming machine, and a continuous discharge from the heater. A dryer for drying the forming band, a high-frequency heater for further drying the inside of the continuous forming band delivered from the dryer, a firing furnace for firing the continuous forming band delivered from the heater, and a firing furnace A long porcelain plate characterized in that a traveling cutter that cuts the fired continuous forming strip to a fixed length and a transfer device that conveys the long porcelain plate cut to a fixed length by the cutter are linearly arranged. Continuous manufacturing equipment.