JPH0729826B2 - Continuous production equipment for long ceramic plates - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention forms a hollow continuous zone by continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main component, and drying this in a short time of about 5 to 30 minutes. The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing long ceramic plates of a predetermined length by cutting them into a regular size and then continuously firing them.

[Conventional technology]

For roof tiles and tiles, a continuous molding strip sent from a molding machine is cut into short pieces, and further shaped by pressing, etc., and dried,
It was manufactured by firing, filling a mold with material, molding it by pressing, and then drying and firing.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, with this type of equipment, 1
It took ~ 2 days, the productivity was poor, and the cost increased. Further, in the conventional apparatus, since the above-mentioned time is required, the integrated line becomes long, and it is impossible to dry and fire one by one due to the location. Moreover,
A large number of roof tiles, tiles, etc. are stacked with a spacer interposed therebetween and dried.
When fired, the tiles and the like in the process of manufacture were twisted, one corner drooped, cracks were formed, and there was a disadvantage in poor yield. Further, in the conventional device, a long line of about 1 to 3 m is continuously dried in a short time of about 1 to 30 minutes, so that an integrated line is linearly arranged, and a device for arranging the firing process is included. I couldn't think of it.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention forms a long porcelain plate in a hollow shape, and when it is extruded into a hollow shape, air, hot air, dry air, and warm air are sent to the hollow portion, and calcium oxide is supplied. The surface of the porcelain plate is dried by heating the surface of the porcelain plate by external heating, internal diffusion by gas flow in the hollow part, and water absorption reaction by calcium oxide and drying by the reaction heat. Drying time is 5
It is shortened to about 30 minutes, and the dried molding strip is cut to an arbitrary length, for example, 1 to 3 m with a traveling cutter so that it does not twist or crack, and it is continuously transferred. We propose a continuous porcelain continuous production device that produces a ceramic porcelain in a long body and continuously in a shorter time than before by inexpensively arranging a firing furnace for continuous firing inside. It is a thing.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for long porcelain plates according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of the above apparatus. In the figure,
Reference numeral 1 is clay, which is a mixture of several raw materials and chamotte or the like which is added as needed through a kneader (not shown). A belt extruder 2 is used to form a vacuum extruder or a vacuum clay extruder. It is supplied to the extrusion molding machine 3 which is one type of molding machine. The extrusion molding machine 3 continuously extrudes the clay 1 through the die 4 and the core 5 in a shape as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to (j) to form a shape having a hollow portion B, for example. is there. Clay 1 is a natural product and has different components depending on each production site. These characteristics and weak points are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay. The clay 1
As an example, porcelain stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halosite, metahalosite, Honobushi clay, frog eyes clay, Shigaraki clay, etc. are crushed and kneaded by adding water. Further, the clay 1 is also removed here by a magnet if necessary. Furthermore, the die 4 is not deformed by the force of the clay 1 pushed out, and is equipped with the core 5. To further explain, the core 5 becomes a resistance in the extrusion molding machine 3 when the shape of the continuous forming band (hereinafter, simply referred to as forming band) A has various shapes as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to (j). Also, it is useful for removing unevenness in the density distribution of the molding strip A and preventing cracks and deformation during drying and firing. Further, the core 5 is, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (d), a grid for forming the hollow portion B in the forming band A.
In addition to having a plurality of 5a, air, hot air, cold air in the hollow portion B,
In order to forcibly supply or discharge dry air and calcium oxide, the lattice 5a has a pipe shape, and as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), air or the like is sucked and exhausted from the outside. Is connected to the pump 7 and the exhaust pipe 6. This is because the air cycle of the hollow portion B is forced by forcibly feeding air, hot air, cold air, and dry air to the hollow portion B of the forming band A formed by the extruder 3. Causing internal evaporation of the forming zone A in B and diffusion,
This is to speed up the drying of the molding strip A by the surface evaporation caused by the external heating by the dryer 9 described later. Further, powder of calcium oxide (CaO) is supplied to the hollow portion B through the exhaust pipe 6 and the core 5. This calcium oxide reacts with the water contained in the molding zone A, or the water contained in the air supplied at the same time, and vaporizes. That is, calcium oxide undergoes an exothermic reaction with water such as CaO + H ₂ O → Ca (OH) ₂ +15.2 kcal. As described above, since calcium oxide removes water from the molding strip A and generates heat, it facilitates the drying from the inside of the molding strip A together with the above-mentioned air or the like, and the heating of the dryer 9 can be strengthened. In addition, it becomes possible to quickly dry the molding strip A. Reference numeral 8 denotes a drive transporting machine, which is composed of one or more kinds of free rollers, drive rollers, belts, mesh belts, etc., and is synchronized with the speed of the molding strip A extruded from the extruder 3. It was driven. Further, since the driving carrier 8 applies driving in synchronization with the extrusion molding machine 3,
It also has a function of correcting twisting and warping of the molding strip A. Reference numeral 9 denotes a dryer, which surrounds a part of the drive carrier 8 or the whole of the drive carrier 8 (not shown). One or more of infrared heaters, far infrared heaters, microwaves, waste heat of the firing furnace 12 to be described later, etc. are heated by a heat source 9a. It is effective for drying the molding zone A in a short time by the synergistic effect of the air cycle of the hollow portion B, the water absorption of calcium oxide, and the exothermic reaction, and the moisture content of the clay 1 is, for example, 18 to 20%. This is to reduce the content to about 0 to 2%, to enhance the shape retention property, and to make it a calcinable property. In addition, the dryer 9 is provided with an infrared heater, only microwaves, or alternately or divided into front and rear zones, and the atmosphere is heated at about 200 to 500 ° C. so that the dough does not crack or deform. It heats according to the curve. Reference numeral 10 denotes a traveling cutter, which cuts the dried forming band A into a regular length by a rotary blade, laser, water pressure, and electric discharge machining to form a long and constant length drying plate A '(hereinafter simply referred to as a drying plate). Is. Of course, the traveling cutter 10 cuts in synchronization with the speed of the forming belt A.
Reference numeral 11 denotes a transfer machine, which conveys the drying plate A ′ cut to a fixed length by the traveling cutter 10 to the firing furnace 12 at a speed faster than that of the driving transporting device 8, and the forming strip A and the drying plate A ′. It is to prevent a collision. Numeral 12 is a calcining furnace consisting of one of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type calcining furnace, and its configuration has a mountain-shaped temperature distribution from the inlet 12a to the outlet 12b, and the preheating region 1
3, the firing region 14 and the cooling region 15 are divided in this order, and the temperature of the preheating region 13 is 150 to 700 ° C. and the firing region 14 is 300
~ 1300 ℃, cooling region 15 is 600 ~ 100 ℃. Of course, the temperature setting between the regions differs depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between the regions is not a clear division but a temporary division during continuous firing. Further the firing furnace 12 will be described, the firing furnace 12
Is for burning a flammable gas, for example, LPG gas to burn the drying plate A ', and an array of planners (not shown) for that purpose is provided corresponding to each of the above regions. Also,
A mesh belt, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, an alumina roller, or the like is used as the conveying means of the drying plate A'in the firing furnace 12 , but since the temperature of the firing zone 14 rises to about 1300 ° C, for example, As shown in FIG. 5, an alumina roller 18 is placed between the metal main shafts 16 and 17 to convey the heat conduction so as not to transfer the heat conduction to the drive source. In addition,
The firing area 14 of the firing furnace 12 forms a furnace made of refractory bricks or the like, and passes through it linearly and continuously. An exhaust damper (not shown) is provided between each device and area. It is something to keep. A conveyor 19 is for conveying the long porcelain plate A ″ coming out of the outlet 12b of the firing furnace 12 to a process such as packing.

Next, the operation will be described.

First, a clay 1 composed of Shigaraki clay, chamotte, a water reducing agent and water is prepared. The weight% is Shigaraki Clay 61.5
%, Chamotte 20%, water reducing agent 0.5% (trade name Cell Flow: manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and water 18% were kneaded by a clay kneader (MP-100 type manufactured by Miyazaki Iron Works Co., Ltd.). Further, the extrusion molding machine 3 has a model name MV-FM-A-1 with an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150 l / hr.
A mold (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. Pump 7 is 5 HP and core 5
The dry air is supplied through the grid 5a, and the powder of calcium oxide is mixed and supplied. As the dryer 9 , a far-infrared panel heater with a wavelength of 4μ to 400μ is used for every 10 meters.
0 pieces are arranged, and the water in the molding zone A is convectively surface-evaporated, internal diffusion is performed by exhausting hot air from the exhaust pipe 6 at about 30 ° C., water absorption reaction of calcium oxide, and the reaction heat causes water content of 0 to 2
The water is reduced to about 10% and dried in about 10 minutes.
Next, the dried forming strip A is cut into 3 m by the traveling cutter 10 and becomes a drying plate A ', which is continuously fed to the firing furnace 12 by the transfer device 11. This firing furnace 12 is formed in a roller hearth kiln structure, and a drying plate A'is sequentially fed to and conveyed from the inlet 12a to the outlet 12b to the roller, and is preheated → fired → gradually cooled to obtain a long ceramic plate A. Then, it is conveyed to the next step such as a packing step, which is not shown, by the conveyor 19.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, the long porcelain plate is extruded from clay, so that rapid drying, firing, and slow cooling can be performed by a linear line arranged linearly in this order, Moreover, it is characterized by high-speed production, high yield, low cost, and continuous production of long porcelain plates.
In order to reduce the water content of clay, drying by heating from the outside of the molding zone by a dryer (surface evaporation), drying by circulation of air etc. in the hollow part (internal diffusion), and calcium oxide in the hollow part Due to the synergistic effect of water absorption and exothermic reaction, there is a feature that there is no deformation or cracking of the molding band at low cost, moisture can be smoothly reduced in a short time, and mass production can be performed with high efficiency. Moreover, since the reaction heat of calcium oxide is large, it is possible to easily obtain a balance of drying inside and outside the molding strip even if the dryer is heated strongly. In addition, the length of the porcelain plate has the feature that it can be cut to any length. In addition, the manufacturing line has the feature that the drying process can be shortened to about 1/160 of the previous one, and the installation place and the production amount have been greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) to (j) are explanatory views showing an example of a continuous forming band, and FIG. 3 ( a) to (d) are explanatory views showing the shape of the core, FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are explanatory views showing the mounted state of the core, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of the firing furnace. Is. 1 ... Clay, 3 ... Extruder, 4 ... Clasp, 5 ... Core, 7 ... Pump, 9 ... Dryer, 10 ... Traveling cutter, 1
2 ... Baking furnace, A ... Continuous forming strip, A '... Long dry plate, A ″ ... Long ceramic plate.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Internal reference number FI technical display location C04B 33/32 L Examiner Masahiro Hiratsuka (56) Reference JP-A-58-114906 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An extrusion molding machine for continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main material, a drive transportation machine for transporting a continuous molding strip fed from the extrusion molding machine in that state, and the transportation machine. And a continuous dryer which surrounds a part of or all of the above, and which dries the continuous molding belt to 0 to 2% while being conveyed in an extruded state, and a continuous molding belt dried by the dryer. A traveling cutter that cuts to a fixed length, a transfer device that transfers a long drying plate that is cut to a fixed size by the traveling cutter to a firing furnace at a speed faster than the drive transfer device, and is sent from the transfer device. A firing furnace for continuously preheating, firing, and gradually cooling a long dry plate, and a conveyer for delivering to the next step from the exit of the firing furnace are linearly arranged, and a die of the extruder is used. , With a large number of pipe-shaped lattices for forming hollows in the center of the continuous forming band Together with mounting the inlet of the tang,
Alternatively, an exhaust pipe for exhausting air, hot air, cold air, and dry air is provided on the outlet side, and calcium oxide is mixed together with the air, hot air, cold air, and dry air, and the mixture is supplied to the hollow portion of the continuous forming band. A continuous production device for long porcelain plates, which is characterized in that