JPH0729827B2 - Continuous production equipment for long ceramic plates - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention forms a hollow continuous zone by continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main component, and drying this in a short time of about 5 to 30 minutes. The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing long ceramic plates of a predetermined length by cutting them into a regular size and then continuously firing them.

[Conventional technology]

For roof tiles and tiles, a continuous molding strip sent from a molding machine is cut into short pieces, and further shaped by pressing, etc., and dried,
It was manufactured by firing, filling a mold with material, molding it by pressing, and then drying and firing.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, with this type of equipment, 1
It took ~ 2 days, the productivity was poor, and the cost increased. Further, in the conventional apparatus, since the above-mentioned time is required, the integrated line becomes long, and it is impossible to dry and fire one by one due to the location. Moreover,
A large number of roof tiles, tiles, etc. are stacked with a spacer interposed therebetween and dried.
When fired, the tiles and the like in the process of manufacture were twisted, one corner drooped, cracks were formed, and there was a disadvantage in poor yield. Further, in the conventional device, a long line of about 1 to 3 m is continuously dried in a short time of about 1 to 30 minutes, so that an integrated line is linearly arranged, and a device for arranging the firing process is included. I couldn't think of it.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention forms a long porcelain plate in a hollow shape, and when it is extrusion-molded into a hollow shape, air, hot air, dry air, and warm air are fed to the hollow portion and an isocyanate powder The surface of the porcelain plate is dried by a dryer in the next step, and the entire porcelain plate is dried by surface evaporation by external heating, internal diffusion by gas flow in the hollow part, and water absorption reaction by isocyanate powder and drying by reaction heat. The time is drastically shortened to about 5 to 30 minutes, and the dried molding strip is cut to a desired length, for example, 1 to 3 m, with a traveling cutter so that twisting and cracks do not occur, and then transferred. A continuous production device for long ceramic plates that directly and continuously manufactures a continuous baking process while the ceramic plates are long and continuous, and at a lower cost in a shorter time than before. Is proposed.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for long porcelain plates according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of the above apparatus. In the figure,
Reference numeral 1 is clay, which is a mixture of several raw materials and chamotte or the like which is added as needed through a kneader (not shown). A belt extruder 2 is used to form a vacuum extruder or a vacuum clay extruder. It is supplied to the extrusion molding machine 3 which is one type of molding machine. The extrusion molding machine 3 continuously extrudes the clay 1 through the die 4 and the core 5 in a shape as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to (j) to form a shape having a hollow portion B, for example. is there. Clay 1 is a natural product and has different components depending on each production site. These characteristics and weak points are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay. The clay 1
As an example, porcelain stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halosite, metahalosite, Honobushi clay, frog eyes clay, Shigaraki clay, etc. are crushed and kneaded by adding water. Further, the clay 1 is also removed here by a magnet if necessary. Furthermore, the die 4 is not deformed by the force of the clay 1 pushed out, and is equipped with the core 5. To further explain, the core 5 becomes a resistance in the extrusion molding machine 3 when the shape of the continuous forming band (hereinafter, simply referred to as forming band) A has various shapes as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to (j). Also, it is useful for removing unevenness in the density distribution of the molding strip A and preventing cracks and deformation during drying and firing. Further, the core 5 is, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (d), a grid for forming the hollow portion B in the forming band A.
In addition to having a plurality of 5a, air, hot air, cold air in the hollow portion B,
In order to forcibly feed the dry air and the isocyanate powder, the lattice 5a has a pipe shape, and FIG. 4 (a),
As shown in (b), a pump 7 for sucking and exhausting air and the like from the outside and an exhaust pipe 6 are connected. This is the air in the hollow portion B of the forming band A formed by the extruder 3.
By forcibly feeding hot air, cold air, and dry air, the air cycle of the hollow portion B is forcibly performed, causing internal evaporation and diffusion of the molding strip A in the hollow portion B, and by the dryer 9 described later. This is to accelerate the drying of the molding strip A due to the surface evaporation due to the heating from the outside. Further, powder of isocyanate (R—NCO) is supplied to the hollow portion B through the exhaust pipe 6 and the core 5. This isocyanate is a molding strip A
And reacts with the water contained in the supplied air or the air supplied at the same time to generate steam. That is, isocyanate reacts with water as in R-NCO + H ₂ O → R-NHCOOH → R-NH ₂ + CO ₂ R-NH ₂ + R-NCO → R-NH ₂ -CO-NH-R, forming zone A To remove water directly from
The air or the like supplied to the hollow portion B is dried to promote the drying in the hollow portion B. Furthermore, since the reaction of the isocyanate is an exothermic reaction, by utilizing this heat, it becomes easy to balance the drying of the molding band A and the outside even if the heat amount of the dryer 9 is increased, It can be dried quickly. Since the reaction between the isocyanate and water must be heated in the initial stage, the reaction can be started in the dryer 9 ,
Inner and outer drying can be performed almost simultaneously. Also,
Examples of the isocyanate include MDI (4, 4′-Diphe
Either a bifunctional group or trifunctional group type such as nylmethane diisocyanate) or TDI (Toly lene diisocyanate) may be used. Reference numeral 8 denotes a drive transporting machine, which is composed of one or more kinds of free rollers, drive rollers, belts, mesh belts, etc., and is synchronized with the speed of the molding strip A extruded from the extruder 3. It was driven. Further, since the driving carrier 8 applies driving in synchronization with the extrusion molding machine 3,
It also has a function of correcting twisting and warping of the molding strip A. Reference numeral 9 denotes a dryer, which surrounds a part of the drive carrier 8 or the whole of the drive carrier 8 (not shown). One or more of infrared heaters, far infrared heaters, microwaves, waste heat of the firing furnace 12 to be described later, etc. are heated by a heat source 9a. It is effective to dry the molding zone A in a short time by the synergistic effect of the air cycle of the hollow portion B, the water absorption of isocyanate, and the exothermic reaction, and the moisture content of the clay 1 is, for example, 18 to 20%. This is for reducing the content to about 0 to 2% to enhance the shape retention and to make it a calcinable property. In addition, the dryer 9 is provided with an infrared heater, only microwaves, or alternately or divided into front and rear zones, and the atmosphere is heated at about 200 to 500 ° C. so that the dough does not crack or deform. It heats according to the curve. Reference numeral 10 denotes a traveling cutter, which cuts the dried forming band A into a regular length by a rotary blade, laser, water pressure, and electric discharge machining to form a long and constant length drying plate A '(hereinafter simply referred to as a drying plate). Is. Of course, the traveling cutter 10 cuts in synchronization with the speed of the forming belt A.
Reference numeral 11 denotes a transfer machine, which conveys the drying plate A ′ cut to a fixed length by the traveling cutter 10 to the firing furnace 12 at a speed faster than that of the driving transporting device 8, and the forming strip A and the drying plate A ′. It is to prevent a collision. Numeral 12 is a calcining furnace consisting of one of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type calcining furnace, and its configuration has a mountain-shaped temperature distribution from the inlet 12a to the outlet 12b, and the preheating region 1
3, the firing region 14 and the cooling region 15 are divided in this order, and the temperature of the preheating region 13 is 150 to 700 ° C. and the firing region 14 is 300
~ 1300 ℃, the cooling region 15 is about 600 ~ 100 ℃. Of course, the temperature setting between the regions differs depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between the regions is not a clear division but a temporary division during continuous firing. To further explain the firing furnace 12 , the firing furnace
12 is a drying plate A'combusted with a combustible gas such as LPG gas.
And a burner (not shown) for that purpose.
The array of is provided corresponding to each area. Further, a mesh belt, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, an alumina roller or the like is used as a conveying means for the drying plate A'in the firing furnace 12 , but since the temperature rises up to about 1300 ° C especially in the firing area 14, For example, as shown in FIG. 5, an alumina roller 18 is placed between the metal main shafts 16 and 17 to convey the heat conduction so as not to transfer heat conduction to the drive source. Incidentally, the firing region 14 of the firing furnace 12 forms a furnace with refractory bricks, etc., and is to pass through it linearly and continuously,
An exhaust damper (not shown) is arranged between each device and area. The isocyanate used in the drying step and the product of the reaction with water are burned in the firing furnace 12 and do not remain on the long porcelain plate A ″ fed from the outlet 12b. 19 is a carrier. This is also for transporting the long porcelain plate A ″ coming out of the outlet 12b of the firing furnace 12 to a process such as packing.

Next, the operation will be described.

First, a clay 1 composed of Shigaraki clay, chamotte, a water reducing agent and water is prepared. The weight% is Shigaraki Clay 61.5
%, Chamotte 20%, water reducing agent 0.5% (trade name Cell Flow: manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and water 18% were kneaded by a clay kneader (MP-100 type manufactured by Miyazaki Iron Works Co., Ltd.). Further, the extrusion molding machine 3 has a model name MV-FM-A-1 with an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150 l / hr.
A mold (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. Pump 7 is 5 HP and core 5
The dry air is supplied through the grid 5a, and the isocyanate powder is mixed and supplied. As the dryer 9 , a far-infrared panel heater with a wavelength of 4μ to 400μ is used for every 10 meters.
0 pieces are arranged, and the water in the molding zone A is evaporated by the surface by convection,
The water content is reduced to about 0 to 2% in about 10 minutes by the internal diffusion of the hot air exhausted from the exhaust pipe 6 and the core 5 by hot air exhaust at about 30 ° C., and the reaction heat of isocyanate and the water absorption reaction, and dried. Next, the dried forming strip A is cut into 3 m by the traveling cutter 10 and becomes a drying plate A ', which is continuously fed to the firing furnace 12 by the transfer device 11. This firing furnace 12 is formed in a roller hearth kiln structure, and a drying plate A'is sequentially fed to and conveyed from the inlet 12a to the outlet 12b to the roller, and is preheated → fired → gradually cooled to obtain a long ceramic plate A. Then, it is conveyed to the next step such as a packing step, which is not shown, by the conveyor 19.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, the long porcelain plate is extruded from clay, so that rapid drying, firing, and slow cooling can be performed by a linear line arranged linearly in this order, Moreover, it is characterized by high-speed production, high yield, low cost, and continuous production of long porcelain plates.
In order to reduce the water content of clay, drying by heating from the outside of the molding zone by a dryer (surface evaporation), drying by circulation of air in the hollow part (internal diffusion), and water absorption by isocyanate in the hollow part Due to the synergistic effect of the exothermic reaction, there is a feature that the molding band is not deformed or cracked at a low cost, the water content can be smoothly reduced in a short time, and the mass production can be performed with high efficiency. Moreover, since the isocyanate supplied to the hollow portion causes water absorption and an exothermic reaction, it is possible to easily obtain a balance of drying inside and outside the molding strip even when the dryer is heated strongly. In addition, the length of the porcelain plate has the feature that it can be cut to any length. In addition, the manufacturing line has the feature that the drying process can be shortened to about 1/160 of the previous one, and the installation place and the production amount have been greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) to (j) are explanatory views showing an example of a continuous forming band, and FIG. 3 ( a) to (d) are explanatory views showing the shape of the core, FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are explanatory views showing the mounted state of the core, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of the firing furnace. Is. 1 ... Clay, 3 ... Extruder, 4 ... Clasp, 5 ... Core, 7 ... Pump, 9 ... Dryer, 10 ... Traveling cutter, 1
2 ... Baking furnace, A ... Continuous forming strip, A '... Long dry plate, A ″ ... Long ceramic plate.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Internal reference number FI technical display location C04B 33/32 L Examiner Masahiro Hiratsuka (56) Reference JP-A-58-114906 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An extrusion molding machine for continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main material, a drive transportation machine for transporting a continuous molding strip fed from the extrusion molding machine in that state, and the transportation machine. And a continuous dryer which surrounds a part of or all of the above, and which dries the continuous molding belt to 0 to 2% while being conveyed in an extruded state, and a continuous molding belt dried by the dryer. A traveling cutter that cuts to a fixed length, a transfer device that transfers a long drying plate that is cut to a fixed size by the traveling cutter to a firing furnace at a speed faster than the drive transfer device, and is sent from the transfer device. A firing furnace for continuously preheating, firing, and gradually cooling a long dry plate, and a conveyer for delivering to the next step from the exit of the firing furnace are linearly arranged, and a die of the extruder is used. , With a large number of pipe-shaped lattices for forming hollows in the center of the continuous forming band Together with mounting the inlet of the tang,
Alternatively, an exhaust pipe for exhausting air, hot air, cold air, and dry air is provided on the outlet side, and isocyanate powder is mixed together with the air, hot air, cold air, and dry air and supplied to the hollow portion of the continuous molding zone. A continuous production device for long porcelain plates, which is characterized in that