JPH0478504A - Continuously producing equipment for ceramic plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the decorative surface of a ceramic plate with a mirror surface and to drastically enhance the image of ceramic which can not be produced by glazing by cutting a roasted plate at the regular size and eliminating dimensional error after roasting polishing the decorative surface of the roasted plate regulated to regular size with a polishing machine. CONSTITUTION:A molded band A is produced by kneading silica sand sludge utilized as the stock of clay 1, several kinds of m.p. depressants and fibrous mineral by a pug mill and extruding the kneaded mixture by an extruder 3. As a dryer 9, a microwave heater and farinfrared-ray heater are utilized. Moisture of the molded band A is dried by surface vaporization due to convection and internal diffusion due to exhaust of hot air sent from a suction and exhaust pipe 6 without deformation. The dried continuous plate B is continuously supplied to a roasting furnace 10 and carried to an outlet 10b from an inlet 10a. It is preheated, roasted and slowly cooled and sent out as a continuous roasted plate C. This plate C is cut by a travelling cutter 17 and supplied to a polishing machine 19 by a carrier combined with a stock yard 18. The decorative surface alpha is polished by a polishing machine 21 while the next roasted plate D regulated to regular size is sent from the carrier combined with stock yard 18. Thereafter the roasted plate is sent out as a ceramic plate E.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention continuously extrudes a raw material mainly composed of clay,
The present invention relates to a continuous production device for ceramic plates in which the decorative surface of the ceramic plate is finally polished to make the decorative surface mirror-finished, in an apparatus for manufacturing ceramic plates by drying, firing, and cutting.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this kind of ceramic plate has been manufactured by a method of forming it into a predetermined shape using an extruder, followed by drying, cutting, glazing, and firing.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, although the design of the ceramic plates manufactured using this type of equipment was improved by the use of glaze, the image of ceramics made from fired clay was completely lost, and the design was defective. In addition, since the ceramic plates are fired after being cut to a standard length, shrinkage due to firing must be calculated (approximately 8 to 10%) before cutting. It all depended on the ceramic plate that came out. Furthermore, because the degree of shrinkage differs depending on the region and type of clay, it was necessary to change the line setting conditions each time the clay was changed.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention eliminates dimensional errors by cutting into regular lengths after the firing process, and by polishing the decorative surface of the fired and hardened regular-sized fired plates using a polishing machine. This equipment is equipped with continuous production equipment for ceramic plates that makes the decorative surface of ceramic plates mirror-like, greatly improving the image of ceramics that cannot be achieved with glaze.

〔Example〕

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, one Example of the continuous manufacturing apparatus of the ceramic plate based on this invention is described in detail using drawing. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the above device. In the figure, 1 is clay, which is made by mixing several kinds of raw materials and chamotte, etc. added as necessary, through a mixer (not shown), and then through a belt conveyor 2, a vacuum extrusion molding machine, or a vacuum extrusion molding machine. This is supplied to an extrusion molding machine 3 which is one type of clay extrusion molding machine. As shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), the extrusion molding machine 3 is configured to e.g.
) to (r), the clay 1 is continuously extruded in the shape shown in FIG. It is something to be molded. Note that the clay 1 is a natural product and has different components depending on its production area, and these characteristics and weaknesses are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay.

Examples of clay 1 are pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite,
It is made by crushing halloysite, metahalloysite, Suebushi clay, Frogme clay, Shigaraki clay, etc., and kneading it with water. In addition, iron may be removed from the clay 1 using a magnet if necessary. Furthermore, the base 4 is not deformed by the extrusion force of the clay l, and the core 5
It is equipped with. To explain further, when forming the forming band A into various shapes, the core 5 acts as a resistance in the extrusion molding machine 3, eliminates unevenness in the density distribution of the forming band A, and prevents cracking and deformation during drying and firing. This is something that can help prevent this. Further, as shown in FIG. 4(C), the core 5 has a plurality of lattices 5a for forming a hollow part a in the forming band A, and also has air, hot air, cold air, dry air, and steam in the hollow part a. The grid 5a is shaped like a pipe for forced feeding or exhaustion, and a pump 7 for sucking and exhausting air etc. from the outside and a vent 5b connected to the suction and exhaust pipes 6 are provided. It is something that This is done by forcibly supplying or discharging air, hot air, cold air, or dry air to the hollow part a of the molded strip A formed by the extrusion molding machine 3, thereby forcibly performing an air cycle in the hollow part a. , which is effective in significantly shortening the drying time inside the forming zone A. In addition, in FIG. 4b), a plurality of extrusion molding machines 3 (two in the figure) are formed, and the continuous molding band A is made into two layers. Reference numeral 8 denotes a driving conveyor, which is composed of one or more types of free rollers, drive rollers, belts, mesh belts, etc., and is synchronized to the same speed as the forming band A extruded from the extrusion molding machine 3. It is driven. (2) is a dryer that surrounds a part or all of the driving conveyance 11B (not shown), and uses one or more types of heat sources such as infrared heaters, far-infrared heaters, microwaves, and waste heat from the firing furnace (2) described later. 9a is effective for drying the molding zone A in a short time due to the synergistic effect with the air cycle of the hollow part a, and it is effective for drying the molding zone A in a short time by the synergistic effect with the air cycle of the hollow part a.
This is to reduce it to about 5%, strengthen shape retention, and make it suitable for subsequent firing and cutting.

The temperature of the dryer may be set using an infrared heater, microwave only, or alternately, or divided into front and rear zones, and the atmosphere is set to 200 to 500 degrees Celsius, at a certain level of heating that does not cause cracks or deformation of the fabric. It heats according to the curve. The firing furnace consists of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type firing furnace, and its configuration has a mountain-like temperature distribution from the inlet 10a to the exit Job, from room temperature to high temperature (about 1300 degrees Celsius) to room temperature. Therefore, the preheating area 11,
The firing area 2 is divided into the cooling area 13, and the temperature of the preheating area 11 is 30 to 700°C.
2 is 300-1300°C1 Cooling area 13 is 600-3
The temperature was set to about 0°C.

Of course, the temperature setting between each region is different depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division in continuous firing. To further explain the firing furnace 10 in detail, the firing furnace burns a combustible gas such as LPG gas to fire the continuous drying plate B, and burners (not shown) for this purpose are arranged in each region. It will be provided accordingly. In addition, a mesh belt, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, an alumina roller, etc. are used as a conveyance means for the continuous drying plate B in the firing furnace 10, but since the temperature rises to about 1300°C especially in the range of the firing area 12, for example, As shown in Figure 5, the alumina roller 1 is placed between the metal spindle 4.15.
6 is placed on the drive source to prevent heat conduction from being transmitted to the drive source. The firing area 12 for the firing furnace is made of refractory bricks, etc., through which the furnace is passed through in a straight line, and an exhaust damper (not shown) is installed between each device and the head. It is something that should be set up. 17 is a running power tool that cuts the fired continuous fired board C into a fixed length using a rotary blade (diamond saw), laser, water pressure (water jet), and electric discharge machining to produce a fixed length fired board. . Of course, the traveling cutter 12 cuts in synchronization with the speed of the continuously fired plate C.

18 is a transportation and stockyard where the 30
This is to feed the regular size fired board whose temperature has decreased to about ゛C to the next process's polishing machine. This is to prevent cracking due to rapid cooling due to the lubricating liquid (water, etc.) applied during polishing in step (3). ■ is a polishing machine, in which the decorative surface α of a fixed-length baked board that has been fired and hardened in a firing furnace and cut into regular lengths is fixed and conveyed on a conveyor 20, and a diamond polishing foil 21a is attached to the tip before and after The ceramic plate E is polished by a polishing machine 21 that can be moved three-dimensionally from side to side and up and down to make the decorative surface α a mirror surface. In addition, with the polishing machine ■, it is possible to polish a fixed-sized baked board while it is stopped or while it is being transported. In order to avoid collision between the sent-out fixed-sized baked board and the fixed-sized baked board being polished, a certain amount of time difference, the speed of the so-called forming band A, and the polishing time in the polishing machine (2) are taken into consideration during transport and stockyard. 18 speed and stock time are adjusted. 22 is a conveyor for conveying the ceramic plate E polished by the polishing machine to the next process such as packaging.

Next, the operation will be explained. Therefore, as materials for clay 1, silica sand waste, several types of melting point depressants, and fiber minerals are prepared.

The weight percentage is 65% silica sand sludge, 25% melting point depressant (Kamado feldspar, sericite minerals, etc.), 1 wollastonite.
To 100 parts of this main raw material, 20% by weight of water and 0.3% by weight of sodium birophosphate as a deflocculant were mixed, and this was mixed in a clay kneading machine (MP-100 model Miyazaki Iron Works Co., Ltd.). made)
It was kneaded with

In addition, the extrusion molding machine 3 has an extrusion capacity of 50 kg/c
A material having an extrusion pressure of d was used. Pump 7 is 5 (I
A microwave heater or a far infrared heater is used as the dryer temperature, and the moisture in the forming zone A is evaporated and absorbed by convection on the surface with a calorific value equivalent to 35 kcal-h. The water content is reduced to about 0 to 5% in about 20 to 40 minutes by internal diffusion by exhausting hot air at about 30° C., and dried without deformation. Next, the dried continuous drying plate B is continuously fed to the kiln. This firing furnace has a roller hearth kiln structure, and the continuous drying plate B is sequentially fed and conveyed to the rollers from the inlet 10a to the outlet 10b, and the continuous drying plate C is preheated, fired, and gradually cooled. Send as. This continuously fired plate C is cut into 3 m pieces by a traveling cutter 17, and then sent to a polishing machine 4119 by a transport/stockyard 18.
While the next fixed size fired board is sent from the transport lid stockyard 8, the decorative surface α is polished and polished by the polishing machine 21 and sent out as the ceramic board E.

Next, although not shown, it is transported by a transporter 22 to the next process such as a packaging process.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the apparatus for continuously manufacturing ceramic plates according to the present invention, (1) the decorative surface can be mirror-finished, and ceramic plates with unprecedented designs can be manufactured. ■By using the base material to express the color of the ceramic plate, it is possible to produce a ceramic plate with an astronomical stone-like luster.

■We can manufacture products that can be differentiated from ceramic products. ■No glaze is used.

■ Ceramic plates with dramatically improved design can be manufactured with good productivity and yield, and can be easily incorporated into conventional equipment. ■It is not fired after cutting, but is cut into regular lengths after firing, so there is no need to calculate the degree of shrinkage of the material before cutting, resulting in good dimensional accuracy. It has the following characteristics and effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the continuous production apparatus for ceramic plates according to the present invention, FIGS. 2(a) to (r), and FIG. 3(a).
~(r) is an explanatory view showing an example of a continuous molding band, and FIG. 4(a)
) to (C) are explanatory views showing the base portion, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of a firing furnace. 1... Clay, 3... Extrusion molding machine, 4... Mouthpiece, 5
... Core, 7... Pump, 9... Dryer, ■...
- Firing furnace, 17... Traveling cutter, 18... Conveyance and stockyard, ■... Polishing machine, 20... Fixed and conveying machine, 21... Polishing machine. No.? Figure Figure I S<L) (C+ lj+ I5J Mouth Nironini Ninini: Mouth Number? Figure (busy) C3-No Figure C I+iJ Figure (r+v) [1-J No. Cow Figure (CI No. Cow Figure Color) 1 Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An extrusion molding machine that continuously extrudes clay-based raw materials, a driving conveyance machine that conveys the continuous molded band sent out from the extrusion molding machine in that state, and one part of the conveyance machine. A dryer that surrounds the entire part or the whole and dries the continuous formed band while it is being conveyed in an extruded state, and a continuous drying plate dried by the dryer that is continuously preheated, baked, and slowly cooled. A firing furnace that performs the process, a traveling cutter that cuts the continuous fired plate sent out from the firing furnace into a regular length, and a polishing machine that polishes the decorative surface of the regular fired board that has been cut to a regular length with the traveling cutter. A continuous manufacturing device for ceramic plates.