JPH03295609A - Manufacture of earthenware plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To draw arbitrary patterns, and thus improve the designing capability by providing a ground coating machine next to a drying process for effecting the undercoat leveling in the water supplying property or the like of the decorative surface, and then disposing therein a pattern forming machine that draws a pattern with a glaze through computer control. CONSTITUTION:A formed belt A dried by a dryer 9 is cut into a length of 3 m by means of a running cutter 10, and becomes a dried plate B that is then sent to a ground coating supplying machine 12 successively by means of a transmitting machine 11. Herein, the decorative surface (a) is supplied with ground coat (alpha) uniformly by means of, for example, a roll or spray gun. Next, the ground coat (alpha) is dehydrated forcibly by means of a dryer 13 and then sent to a pattern forming machine 14. At the pattern forming machine 14, the position of the dried plate B is recognized by a camera and sensor (not shown), and the information thereof is transmitter to a personal computer (e) for operating an image scanner (d), controller (f), personal computer (e), and display (g) and, by transmitting the control information to a spray gun unit (h), a predetermined colored glaze beta is applied on the decorative surface (a) with predetermined patterns, and then transmitted to a backing furnace 18 of the next process, and finally, it is forwarded out thereof as a painted earthenware plate E after being subjected to a preheating, baking, and annealing process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a chest plate in which a garlic pattern is drawn on the decorative surface of an extruded product mainly composed of clay to improve the design.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the equipment used to manufacture this type of long ceramic plate is a device that forms it into a predetermined shape using an extruder, and then finishes the decorative surface by uniformly applying glaze to the decorative surface using a roll or spray gun. It was manufactured using

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, even if it is possible to uniformly apply a decorative glaze to the decorative surface of this kind of long glaze, it is almost impossible to form an arbitrary pattern with the glaze.

Particularly when the picture is formed on the entire wall, it is necessary to draw the desired pattern of the desired picture at predetermined positions on a plurality of decorative surfaces, which is an extremely difficult task.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention provides a lower glaze application machine after the drying process, smoothes the water absorbency of the decorative surface, and then forms an arbitrary pattern. The present invention proposes a ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus that can form landscapes, people, mosaic patterns, etc., in whole or in part, on a target plate by using a computer-controlled pattern forming machine that is extremely easy to draw with glaze.

〔Example〕

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, one Example of the manufacturing apparatus of the ceramic board based on this invention is described in detail using drawing. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the above ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus. In the figure, 1 is clay, which is made by mixing several kinds of raw materials and chamotte, etc. added as necessary, through a mixer (not shown), and then through a belt conveyor 2, a vacuum extrusion molding machine, or a vacuum extrusion molding machine. This is supplied to an extrusion molding machine 3 which is one type of clay extrusion molding machine. The extrusion molding machine 3 is a flat plate (not shown),
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4(a), the clay 1 is continuously extruded through the nozzle 4 and the core 5 in the shape shown in FIGS. 3(a) to (j), and the hollow part a is It is molded into the shape that it has. Note that the clay 1 is a natural product and has different components depending on its production area, and these characteristics and weaknesses are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay. the clay 1
Examples include pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halloysite, metahalloysite, Honbushi clay, Frogme clay, Shigaraki clay, etc., which are crushed and kneaded by adding water.

In addition, iron may be removed from the clay 1 using a magnet if necessary. Furthermore, the base 4 is not deformed by the extrusion force of the clay 1, and is equipped with a core 5. To explain further, the core 5 has the shape of the continuous molding band (hereinafter simply referred to as the molding band) A in Figures 3(a) to 3(a).
When forming various shapes as shown in (j), it acts as a resistance in the extrusion molding machine 3, helps to eliminate unevenness in the density distribution of the molded band A, and prevents cracking and deformation during drying and firing. .

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(c), the core 5 has a plurality of lattices 5a for forming a hollow part a in the forming band A, and the hollow part a is filled with air, hot air, cold air, dry air, etc. In order to forcibly supply or exhaust steam, the grid 5a is shaped like a pipe, and is connected to a pump 7 and a suction/exhaust pipe 6 for suctioning and exhausting air etc. from the outside. This is done by forcibly supplying or discharging air, hot air, cold air, or dry air to the hollow part a of the molded band A formed by the extrusion molding machine 3, thereby forcibly performing an air cycle in the hollow part a. , which is effective in significantly shortening the drying time inside the forming zone A. Reference numeral 8 denotes a driving conveyor, which is composed of one or more types of free rollers, drive rollers, belts, mesh belts, etc., and is synchronized to the same speed as the forming band A extruded from the extrusion molding machine 3. It is driven. Of course, depending on the case, the drawing process may be performed at a somewhat faster speed. (2) is a dryer that surrounds part or all of the driving conveyor 8 (not shown), and uses one or more types of infrared heaters, far-infrared heaters, microwaves, and waste heat from the firing furnace (2) to be described later. It is effective for drying the molding zone A in a short time by the heat source 9a due to the synergistic effect with the air cycle of the hollow part a, and the moisture content of the clay 1 is reduced from, for example, 18 to 20% to about 0 to 5%. The purpose is to reduce the amount of molten metal and strengthen its shape retention, and to make it suitable for subsequent cutting, glazing, and firing. Please note that the dryer only uses infrared heaters and microwaves.
Alternatively, they are arranged alternately or divided into front and rear zones, and the atmosphere is heated to about 100 to 500°C in accordance with a certain heating curve that does not cause cracks or deformation of the dough. 1o is a traveling cutter that cuts the dried molded strip A into a fixed length using a rotary blade, laser, water pressure, and electrical discharge machining to form a dry plate B. Of course, the traveling cutter 10 cuts in synchronization with the speed of the forming band A. Reference numeral 11 denotes a transfer device, which transfers the drying plate B cut into regular lengths by the traveling cutter IO to the next process at a faster speed than the driving conveyor 8, and prevents collision between the forming band A and the drying plate B. It is something to do. 12 is the lower glaze glazing machine that dries the lower glaze α on plate B.
It is applied evenly to the cosmetic surface. In particular, the lower glaze α
Functions as a surface smoothing, water absorption prevention, and base adjustment layer for the cosmetic surface (■). Reference numeral 13 denotes a dryer, which may have the same construction as the dryer described above, or may have the appearance that the upper and lower glazes α are hardened, and warm air, hot air, etc. are preferable. Of course, depending on the type of lower glaze α, it may not be used. (2) is a pattern forming machine that draws an arbitrary pattern C1, such as a person, a landscape, or other desired pattern, on a lower axis α in an arbitrary color on a predetermined number of sheets in a short time at a predetermined position. To explain further, the pattern forming machine ■, as shown in Figure 2, mainly consists of a spray gun unit ■, a compressor @ that applies pressure, a glaze layer θ, an image scanner ■, a personal computer ■, a controller G, a display ■, etc. The original image is read with an image scanner and stored on a computer.
A controller G applies a glaze corresponding to the desired pattern to the decorative surface (■) of the drying board B via a compressor (@) and a spray gun unit (■). Incidentally, the glaze tank O is divided into many colors, and the upper glaze β is fed to the spray gun unit (2) by a compressor @ and a pump (not shown). Also, the top and bottom of the spray gun unit,
It can be freely displaced back and forth and left and right via a moving device 15.

Reference numeral 16 is a protective plate that partitions the dryer 13 and spray gun unit (2) from the outside air with a cover, allowing them to function effectively. No. 17 has a structure in which the receiver is a plate and the lower and upper glazes α and β can be collected without falling to the ground. The firing furnace consists of one type of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type firing furnace, and its configuration has a mountain-shaped temperature distribution from the inlet 18a to the outlet 18b, with the preheating area 19, the firing area 20, and the cooling area 21 in that order. The temperature of the preheating area 19 is 150 to 700°C, the firing area 20 is 300 to 100°C.
The 300°C1 cooling region 21 is set to about 600 to 100°C. Of course, the temperature setting between each region is different depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division in continuous firing. To explain the firing house in more detail, the firing furnace (■) burns combustible gas, such as LPG gas, to fire the decorative board, and the arrangement of burners (not shown) for this purpose corresponds to each area mentioned above. It shall be established as follows. In addition, a mesh held, metal roller, ceramic roller, alumina roller, etc. are used as means for transporting the decorative board inside the firing furnace, but especially in the firing area 20, the temperature rises to about 1300°C. As shown in FIG. 5, an alumina roller 24 is placed between metal main shafts 22 and 23 to convey the material in a manner that prevents heat conduction from being transmitted to the drive source. In addition, firing area 2 of "firing furnace"
No. 0 is a furnace made of refractory bricks, etc., through which the air passes continuously in a straight line, and an exhaust damper (not shown) is provided between each device and area. Reference numeral 25 denotes a conveyor for conveying the ceramic plate E coming out from the exit 18b of the firing house to the next process such as packaging.

Next, the operation of the ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention will be explained in detail. That is, a plate with the cross section shown in Fig. 3(a) is extruded using a device such as that shown in Figs. It is assumed that the parts are divided into parts, drawn on the decorative surface (2) of each board like a so-called jigsaw puzzle, and then sent to the firing furnace.

Therefore, as materials for the clay 1, for example, silica sand waste, several types of melting point depressants, and fiber minerals are prepared.・The weight%
is 65% silica sand sludge, 25% melting point depressant (Kamato feldspar, sericite minerals, etc.), and 10% wollastonite.To 100% by weight of this main raw material, 20% water and pyrroline as a deflocculant. 0.3% by weight of acid soda was mixed in, and the mixture was kneaded using a clay kneading machine (model MP-100, manufactured by Miyazaki Iron Works Co., Ltd.). In addition, the extrusion molding machine 3 has an extrusion capacity of 50 kg/d.
The extrusion pressure was as follows. The pump 7 is set to exhaust at 5 HP, and the dryer mainly uses a microwave heating machine and a far infrared heating machine, and uses a calorific value equivalent to 35 kcal-h to evaporate the moisture in the forming zone A by convection, absorb and exhaust it. The moisture is reduced to about 0 to 5% in about 20 to 40 minutes by internal diffusion by exhausting hot air at about 30° C. from the tube 6, and the product is dried without deformation. Next, the dried forming strip A is cut into 3 m lengths by a traveling cutter 10, and the dried plates B are continuously fed to a lower glazing machine 12 by a transfer machine 11. Here, the lower glaze α is evenly applied to the decorative surface (2) using, for example, a roll or a spray gun as shown. Next, the lower glaze α is forcibly dehydrated by the dryer 13 and sent to the pattern forming machine H. The pattern forming machine 14 confirms the position of the drying plate B using a camera and sensor (not shown), transmits the information to the computer, operates the image scanner ■, the controller G, the computer and the display ■, and transmits the control information. By transmitting the glaze to the spray gun unit (so-called glazing machine) (2), a top glaze β of a predetermined color is applied to the decorative surface (2) in a predetermined pattern, and is sent to the firing furnace (2) for the next step. This firing furnace■
is formed in a roller hearth kiln structure, and the decorative laminate is sequentially fed and conveyed to the rollers from the inlet 18a to the outlet 18b, and is then preheated, fired, and slowly cooled before being sent out as a painted ceramic board E. Next, although not shown, it is transported by a transporter 25 to the next process such as a packaging process.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
- After applying the underglaze, the glaze used for cosmetic purposes can be formed into arbitrary patterns and colors extremely easily and with high precision. ■Part of the pattern on the entire wall can be formed like a piece of a jigsaw puzzle. ■By linking the image scanner, controller, computer, etc., you can easily draw the desired patterns and pictures. ■Ceramic plates that are weather-resistant and frost-resistant can be manufactured at a high yield. It has the following characteristics and effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a pattern forming machine, and Figs. 3 (a) to U) are illustrations of a continuous forming band. FIGS. 4(a) to 4(C) are explanatory views showing an example, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of a firing furnace. 1... Clay, 3... Extrusion molding machine, 4... Mouthpiece, 5
... core, 7... pump, equipment... dryer, 10.
...Traveling cutter, 12...Bottom glaze application machine, ■...Pattern forming machine, moonshade...Firing furnace, A...Continuous forming band, B
... Dry board, E... Ceramic board. Figure 3 ((kl To the Eight Bows (C) Eight CIl+) Eighth Ox Figure Figure (J+ To (-) Horse Figure <'b)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An extrusion molding machine that continuously extrudes clay-based raw materials, a driving conveyor that transports the extruded product sent out from the extruder, and reduces the moisture content of the extruded product to about 0 to 5%. a drying machine for applying a base glaze to the surface of the extruded product; a pattern forming machine that uses a computer to draw an arbitrary pattern on the surface coated with the base glaze; and firing the extruded product with the pattern drawn on it. 1. A ceramic plate manufacturing device comprising: a firing furnace;