JPS62275052A - Continuous manufacturing apparatus for elongated ceramic sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention involves continuously extruding a raw material mainly composed of clay to form a hollow continuous band, which is then extruded for 5 to 30 minutes. The present invention relates to a device that continuously manufactures long ceramic plates of a predetermined length and beautiful decorative surface by drying the ceramic plates in a short time, cutting them into regular lengths, and then firing them continuously.

[Conventional technology]

Rovers and tiles are made by cutting the continuous molded strip sent out from the molding machine into short pieces, then pressing them to form them, drying them,
They were manufactured by either firing, or by filling a mold with material, shaping it with a press, then drying and firing.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, with this type of equipment, the drying process and baking process require only one
It took ~2 days, was low in productivity, and had the disadvantage of increasing costs. In addition, the conventional apparatus requires the above-mentioned time, resulting in a long integrated line, and it is impossible to dry and bake one sheet at a time due to space constraints. Moreover,
Laminate a large number of roof tiles, tiles, etc. with spacers and dry.
When fired, the tiles, etc. that were in the process of being manufactured would tear, one corner would sag, or a crank would appear, resulting in a low yield. Furthermore, with conventional equipment, there is no equipment that can dry long objects of about 1 to 3 meters continuously and in a short time of about 1 to 30 minutes, making the consistent line straight and arranging them including the firing process. I couldn't think of it.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention forms a long ceramic plate into a hollow shape, and when extruding the ceramic plate into a hollow shape, the hollow part is inserted through a lattice of a core installed in an extrusion molding machine to form a hollow part. Air, hot air, drying air, warm air, or steam is sent to the inside of the long ceramic plate to encourage drying from the inside, and from the outside it is heated using one or more types of hot air from a dryer, infrared rays, microwaves, etc. It enables quick drying of ceramic plates, and also absorbs air, etc.
The suction and exhaust pipes that connect the pump for exhaust and the core are connected in a straight line and parallel to the direction of movement of the continuous molding strip extruded from the extrusion molding machine, so that air can be efficiently sucked and exhausted from the hollow part. The drying time can be significantly shortened to 5 to 30 minutes by using exhaust air and a balance between surface evaporation and internal diffusion, and the dried long strip can be dried to any length without twisting or cranking. , for example, cut into pieces of about 1 to 3 meters, and preheat the cut dry plates in a firing furnace while moving them.
To propose a continuous manufacturing device for long ceramic plates, which continuously performs firing and cooling, and continuously manufactures long ceramic plates in a shorter time and at a lower cost than before.

〔Example〕

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, one Example of the continuous manufacturing apparatus of the long ceramic plate based on this invention is described in detail using drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the above device.

In the figure, ■ is clay that is mixed with several kinds of raw materials and chamotte added as necessary via a kneading machine (not shown), and then transferred to a vacuum extrusion molding machine or a vacuum extrusion molding machine via belt conveyor 2. This is supplied to an extrusion molding machine 3 which is one type of clay extrusion molding machine. The extrusion molding machine 3 has a die 4
, the clay 1 is continuously extruded through the core 5 in the shape shown in FIG. The ingredients are different depending on the production area, and these characteristics and weaknesses are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay.

Examples of clays include pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, hallosite, metahalosite, kibushi clay, frog's eye clay,
It is made by crushing Shigaraki wood clay and kneading it by adding water. In addition, iron may be removed from the clay 1 using a magnet if necessary. To explain further, the extrusion molding machine 3 has an approximately L-shape in the vicinity of the mouthpiece 4, as shown in FIG. Further, the base 4 is not deformed by the force of extrusion of the clay 1, and is equipped with a core 5. This core 5 serves as an abrasive in the extrusion molding machine 3 when the shape of the continuous molding band (hereinafter simply referred to as the molding band) A is made into various shapes as shown in Fig. 2 (a) to fJ). This is useful for removing unevenness in the density distribution of A and preventing cracking and deformation during drying and firing. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(bl), the core 5 has a plurality of lattices 5a for forming the hollow part B in the forming band A, and the hollow part B is filled with air, hot air, cold air, dry air, etc. In order to forcibly supply or exhaust steam, the grid 5a is shaped like a pipe, and is connected by a suction/exhaust pipe 6 to a pump 7 for suctioning and exhausting air etc. from the outside. Forcibly performs an air cycle in the hollow part B by forcibly feeding or discharging air, hot air, cold air, or dry air to the hollow part B of the molded band A formed by the extrusion molding machine 3, This is effective in significantly shortening the drying time inside the forming band A. Also, the suction and exhaust pipes 6 and the core 5 are connected in a straight line and are arranged parallel to the direction of movement of the forming band A. This eliminates unnecessary resistance to the flow of the clay 1, making it easier to prevent uneven density distribution in the molding zone A, and also allows air to be sucked into and exhausted from the hollow part B. This is to enable efficient processing in a straight line, and to promote drying and internal diffusion of moisture in the hollow area.
It is useful for quick drying. Reference numeral 8 denotes a driving conveyor, which is composed of one or more types of free rollers, driving rollers, belts, mesh belts (not shown), etc., and is moved at the same speed as the forming band A extruded from the extrusion molding machine 3. This applies a drive synchronized to the The main dryer is a dryer, which surrounds part or all of the driving conveyor 8 (not shown), and includes an infrared heater, a far-infrared heater, a microwave,
It is effective for drying the forming zone A in a short time by using one or more types of waste heat from a firing furnace and floats, etc., which will be described later, using a heat source 9a and a synergistic effect with the air cycle of the hollow part B.
This is to reduce the water content of the clay 1 from, for example, 18 to 20% to about 0 to 2%, to strengthen its shape retention and to make it sinterable. In addition, the dryer is installed with infrared heaters, microwave only, or alternately, or divided into front and rear zones to maintain an atmosphere of 200 to 500℃.
The fabric is heated according to a certain heating curve that does not cause cracks or deformation in the fabric. 10 is a heating process that follows a certain heating curve to prevent the dough from cracking or deforming.
The dry plate A' (hereinafter simply referred to as dry plate) is cut by electric discharge machining to obtain a long, fixed length dry plate A'. of course,
The traveling cutter 10 cuts the forming band A in synchronization with its speed. Reference numeral 11 denotes a transfer machine that conveys the drying plate A' cut into a regular length by the traveling cutter 10 to the firing furnace at a faster speed than the driving conveyor 8, and transports the forming band A and the drying plate A'.
This is to prevent collisions with ■ is a firing furnace consisting of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type firing furnace, and its configuration is from population 12a to exit! 2b, the temperature distribution is mountain-like, and the preheating area 13, the firing area 14, and the cooling area 15 are divided in this order, and the temperature of the preheating area 13 is 150°C.
~700°C, the temperature in the firing zone 14 is 300~1300°C, and the temperature in the cooling area 15 is approximately 600~100°C.

Of course, the temperature setting between each region is different depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division in continuous firing.

To further explain the firing furnace, the firing furnace (2) burns a combustible gas such as LPG gas to fire the drying plate A', and the arrangement of burners (not shown) for this purpose corresponds to each region. It shall be provided as follows. In addition, as a means for conveying the drying plate A' in the firing furnace
Metal rollers, ceramic rollers, alumina rollers, etc. are used, but since the temperature rises to about 1300'C especially in the firing area 14, for example, as shown in FIG. is placed on the drive source to prevent heat conduction from being transferred to the drive source.

The firing area 14 of the firing furnace (2) is made of fireproof bricks, etc., through which the firing area 14 is made of fire-resistant bricks, etc., and the firing area 14 is made of refractory bricks, etc., through which the firing area 14 is made of firebrick. It is something to keep. Reference numeral 19 denotes a conveyor for conveying the long ceramic plate A'' that has come out from the outlet 12b of the firing furnace (2) to the next process such as packaging.

Next, the operation will be explained.

First, make clay 1 consisting of Shigaraki clay, chamotte, water reducing agent, and water! Prepare $. The weight percentages are 61.5% Shigaraki clay, 20% chamotte, 0.5% water reducing agent (product name Cellflow: manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and 18% water in a clay kneading machine (MP-100 model Miyazaki). (manufactured by Tekkosha). In addition, the extrusion molding machine 3 has an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150j
! /hr type name MV-FM-A-1 type (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. The pump 7 is set to take in or exhaust air at 58P, and the dryer installs 10 far-infrared panel heaters with wavelengths of 4μ to 400μ in a 10-meter interval to remove moisture from the forming zone A by surface evaporation and absorption through convection. , exhaust pipe 6
The moisture content is reduced to about 0 to 2% in about 10 minutes by internal diffusion by exhausting hot air at about 30° C. and then dried. Next, the dried forming strip A is cut into 3 m lengths by a traveling cutter 10, and becomes a drying plate A'.
is continuously fed to the firing furnace. This firing furnace■
is formed in a roller hearth kiln structure, and the dry plate Δ' is sequentially fed and conveyed to the rollers from the outlet 12a to the outlet 12b, and is then preheated, fired, slowly cooled, and sent out as a long ceramic plate A. It is. Next, although not shown, it is transported by a transporter 19 to the next process such as a packaging process.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the continuous production device for long ceramic plates according to the present invention, the long ceramic plates can be manufactured using a straight line arranged in a straight line in the order of clay extrusion, quick drying, firing, and slow cooling. And high-speed production with high yield and low cost.
Moreover, it has the feature of being able to continuously produce long ceramic plates with beautiful decorative surfaces. In addition, to reduce the moisture content of the clay, the synergistic effect of infrared rays, hot air using waste heat (surface evaporation), and exhausting air from the hollow part of the forming band (internal diffusion) allows long bands to be formed without deformation or cracking of the forming band. It is low cost, can smoothly reduce moisture in a short time, and can be manufactured in large quantities with high efficiency. In addition, since the core and suction and exhaust pipes are connected in a straight line, there is no unnecessary resistance when pushing out the clay, making it possible to easily remove uneven density distribution and prevent warping, twisting, and cracking. . In addition, suction and exhaust can be efficiently carried out through the grid, and internal diffusion due to the air cycle in the hollow portion can be promoted. Furthermore, the length of the ceramic plate can be cut to any desired length.

Another feature of the production line is that the drying process can be shortened to approximately 1/160 of the previous production line, greatly improving installation space and production volume.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic plates according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (al to (j)) are explanatory diagrams showing an example of a continuous forming band, and FIG. 4(a) and 4(b) are explanatory views showing an example of a core, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of a firing furnace.1.・Clay, 3... Extrusion molding machine, 4... Mouthpiece, 5
... Core, 7... Pump, U... Dryer, 10.
...Traveling cutter, ■...Calcination furnace, A...Continuous forming band, A'...Long dry plate, A...Long ceramic plate. Figure 2 (α) ≦8 Rorororororororororororororo (b) 1° to 5) Tahe r, A). Second. Figure (1,000J 3A')] To wohachi (see) 58 (A) (ACQ)
to r Figure 3 Figure 1000 (α) 〈5 ('b)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An extrusion molding machine that continuously extrudes clay-based raw materials, a driving conveyance machine that conveys the continuous molded band sent out from the extrusion molding machine in that state, and one part of the conveyance machine. A dryer that surrounds part or all of the continuous formed band and dries the moisture to 0 to 2% while the continuous formed band is being conveyed in an extruded state, and a dryer that dries the continuous formed band dried by the dryer to a fixed size. a traveling cutter that cuts the long drying plate to a regular length; a transporting machine that transports the long drying plate cut to a regular length by the traveling cutter at a faster speed than the driving conveyance machine; and a long drying plate that is sent out from the transporting machine. A firing furnace that performs continuous preheating, firing, and slow cooling, and a conveyor that sends the material from the exit of the firing furnace to the next process are arranged in a straight line, and a continuous molding strip is placed in the mouth of the extrusion molding machine. A core having a plurality of pipe-shaped lattices is installed to form a hollow part in the center, and air, hot air, cold air, dry air, and steam are sucked into and exhausted from the hollow part of the continuous molding band through the lattice. The core and the pump are connected by suction and exhaust pipes, and the core and the suction and exhaust pipes are connected in a straight line parallel to the traveling direction of the continuous molding band extruded by the extrusion molding machine. A continuous manufacturing device for long ceramic plates.