JPS62108003A - Production unit for long-sized ceramic board - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention involves canting a continuous formed band into a fixed length by continuously extruding a raw material mainly composed of clay, and drying and baking it in a short period of time. The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing long ceramic plates of a predetermined length at low cost, in a significantly shorter time than conventional ones, and without deformation.

[Conventional technology]

Kawara and tiles are produced by cutting an undried continuous band sent out from a forming machine into short lengths, then forming it by pressing, etc., then drying and baking it, or by filling a mold with material and pressing it. It was manufactured by molding, then drying, and firing. Moreover, the firing process required several days of loading the molded roof tiles, tiles, etc. onto a trolley in five to seven levels.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

With this type of equipment, the drying and firing processes take several days, resulting in poor productivity and increased costs.Moreover, the factory site is vast, and the number of workers is three times the usual number (for three shifts).
required. Additionally, conventional equipment uses hot air to dry. As a result, the fabric dried from the surface, twisted, curved, and cracked, and the maximum length was 60cm (1). This is because the surface layer exposed to the hot air dries first, and moreover, from the edges, deforming, especially curving, so there is a limit to the length as described above.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention aims to prevent the mouthpiece of the clay kneading machine from being deformed by pressure, and furthermore, allows dough extruded into a predetermined shape and containing about 20% moisture to be kept in its extruded cross-section for a short period of time. The clay component is dried by irradiating it with far infrared rays (for several hours at most). In other words, far-infrared rays are emitted in a short time from the center layer of a molded product, which has been extruded to a moisture content of about 1%, due to the synergistic effect of radiant heat and far-infrared radiation from heated clay components such as silica, mica, feldspar, and magnesia. By drying and using the end of the continuous forming band as one end only at the beginning of extrusion, bending during drying is prevented, and the length is, for example, 600 to 3000.
fi, cut it into any length with a traveling cutter, and feed this dried long body with no risk of deformation to a firing furnace, making use of the melting point effect to save energy. The present invention provides an apparatus for manufacturing long ceramic plates having a configuration such as the above.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the apparatus for manufacturing a long ceramic plate according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the above device. In the figure, 1 is clay, which is made of one or several types of clay, and is supplied to the clay kneading machine 1 as a raw material. The kneading machine 1 has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIGS. 2(a) to 2(h) and continuously feeds the material to the next process from a mouthpiece 3, for example. In addition, clay 1
is a natural product, and its ingredients vary depending on the region where it is produced, so these features and weaknesses are offset to create a specific mixed clay. Examples of clay 1 include pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, hallosite, metahalosite, end-knot clay, frog-eye clay, Shigaraki clay, Kamiyama clay, Yamagata silica sand, Iide clay, etc., which are crushed and then watered. and chamotte, inorganic fibers (asbestos, glass fiber), and pulp are added in an amount of 10% or less (weight ratio) depending on the purpose, and are mixed in a rough kneading machine. If necessary, iron may be removed from this clay 1 using a magnet. Furthermore, the aforementioned base 3 is not deformed by the force of extrusion of the clay 1, and is equipped with a core body (not shown) if necessary. Reference numeral 4 denotes a conveyor, which is made of a free roller or one of mesh belts, cloth belts, or steel belts (not shown), and mainly carries the formed continuous band (hereinafter simply referred to as continuous band) A sent out from the nozzle 3 to the next process. It is useful for conveying the extruded state and as an observation zone for the extrusion status. The process is done by using a dryer to reduce the moisture content to about 1% in a continuous band containing about 18 to 20% moisture.
It dries in a short time of minutes to several hours, and as the heat source 6, one type of infrared heater, far-infrared heater, etc. is used. In particular, when infrared rays and far infrared heaters irradiate far infrared rays to quartz, feldspar, etc., which are one of the components in clay 1, the synergistic effect of the far infrared rays emitted from these elements causes the surface and central layers of continuous zone A to be This is for drying in a short time. Reference numeral 7 denotes a conveying mechanism, which is made of a conveying roller or a mensch belt (not shown), which is heat resistant. Reference numeral 8 denotes a traveling counter that cuts the continuous band A into a desired length, for example, about 300 to 2000 m, by any means such as a rotary blade, a laser beam, an electrical discharge machine, or a wire cutter. Of course, the traveling cutter 8 cuts the continuous band A in synchronization with the extrusion speed. 9 is a drive roller that drives the fixed-length drying plate B cut into fixed lengths by the take-out mechanism;
The dry plate B cut by a belt or the like is sent out to the next process at a speed faster than the speed at which it is sent out from the clay kneading machine 1. The kiln consists of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type kiln, and its configuration is from entrance 10a to exit 10b.
It has a mountain-like temperature distribution, and is divided into preheating area 1), firing area 12, and cooling area 13 in this order.
00 to 1300°C, and the cooling area 13 is about 600 to 100°C. Of course, the temperature setting between each region will differ depending on the type and composition of clay 1, and
The temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division within continuous firing. To further explain the firing furnace, the firing furnace burns a combustible gas such as LPG gas to fire a continuous zone A, and the arrangement of burners (not shown) for this purpose corresponds to each region. It shall be established. In addition, mesh belts, metal rollers, ceramic rollers, alumina rollers, etc. are used as means for conveying the fixed length drying plate B in the firing furnace (2), but especially in the firing area 12, where the temperature rises to about 1300°C, For example, as shown in FIG. 3, an alumina roller 16 is placed between metal main shafts 14 and 15 to prevent heat from being transferred to the drive source. The firing area 12 on the firing furnace side is made of refractory bricks, etc., through which the furnace passes continuously in a straight line, and an exhaust damper (not shown) is arranged between each device and area. It is something that should be set up.

Next, the operation will be explained. First, prepare clay 1 consisting of Shigaraki wood clay, short asbestos fibers, bulbs, and water. The weight percentage is 61.5% Shigaraki clay, 3% asbestos short fibers, 1% pulp, and 18% water in a clay kneading machine (MP-10).
0 type (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.). In addition, the clay kneading machine 1 has a model name MV with an extrusion capacity of 100 to 1501/hr.
-FM-A-1 type (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. Conveyor 4
The dryer L has free rollers arranged in a ladder shape, and the dryer L has 10 far-infrared panel heaters arranged at intervals of 10 meters to diffuse moisture inside the continuous zone A to the surface to speed up dehydration. %. The traveling cutter 8 synchronizes with the extrusion speed, cuts the material with a rotating blade without stopping the line, and feeds the material to the take-out mechanism 9.

The take-out mechanism 9 rotates at a speed at which the fixed-length drying plates B cut by the traveling cutter 8 can be separated from the running cutter 8, which is somewhat faster than the so-called extrusion speed, so that the ends of the fixed-length drying plates B do not collide with each other. This is how it was done. In addition, on the firing furnace side, the preheating area 1) is 10m from 150 to 800℃.
The temperature is raised between 5 m and 800 to 1300°C in the firing region 12, and lowered to 1300 to 100°C in 10 m in the cooling region 13. Therefore, the clay 1 supplied to the clay kneading machine 1 is continuously extruded from the nozzle 3 with a cross section as shown in FIG. 2 (al) at a speed of about 5 m/mil. 4 to the dryer immediately without twisting due to resistance.Of course,
The conveyor 4 in this case does not pull the continuous band A, but is in the form of a free roller. In the dryer, the moisture content of the continuous band A is reduced to 1%, and the continuous band A is fed to a traveling cutter 8 to be cut into regular lengths of arbitrary length, for example, 600 to 3000 W. In addition, in the dryer L, the continuous band A is approximately 1 when the thickness is 4wLm.
It dried without deformation in 5 minutes. Next, the fixed length dried horizontal plate B cut to a fixed length is supplied to the firing furnace side, preheated, fired and cooled, and then sent out as a long ceramic plate C from the outlet 10b.

The firing time was 8 hours, and the maximum humidity during firing was 1) 50
℃.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the long ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and it is possible to use a dryer like a conventional hot air dryer, a microwave heater alone, or a far-infrared heater. They can also be used in combination. Also,
It is also possible to form a plurality of firing lines after the running power lid, or to install the firing furnace in a separate direction via a direction changer instead of in series with the running cutter. In addition, the soil kneading machine
The nozzle can be taken out from two parts and divided at the outlet, or divided into two after drying, or a line with multiple clay kneading machines 1 installed in parallel, and the width of the moving part of each machine can be adjusted accordingly. It is also possible to do this.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, according to the long ceramic plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the drying time of the continuously extruded molded strips is reduced from the previous unit of days by drying from the inside using far infrared rays. In comparison, it can be significantly reduced to minutes or hours. ■Continuously extruded strips have only one end until drying, and drying starts from the center layer of the extruded strip, so the extruded strip does not bend, crank, or twist. (The yield rate is high. ■ Cost is low because it can be dried in a short time. ■ It is possible to cut with high accuracy because it is run and cut when the dimensions are stable after drying. ■ Long strips can be easily manufactured due to the above ■■ ■There is no deformation or cracking upon drying, and continuous firing is possible using a roller hearth kiln.■Inorganic materials such as asbestos magnesium carbonate and glass powder have a melting point of 50 to 100.
``Due to the C drop, the energy and firing time during firing can be significantly reduced.''

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic plates according to the present invention, FIGS. 2(a) to (h) are explanatory diagrams showing an example of long ceramic plates, and FIG. It is a perspective view showing a part of a firing furnace. 1...Clay, 1...Kneading machine, Work...Dryer, 8.
... Traveling cutter, ■... Firing furnace, A... Continuous forming band, C... Long ceramic plate. '・6−・ Fig. 2 (α) ())) (C rd> /c O°0 口 bO rororo bO rororo b0 口 00 口 0 Fig. 2 <12) c (>) , C <1. ,) Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A clay kneading machine that continuously extrudes raw materials mainly made of clay, a dryer that dries the continuous formed band sent out from the clay kneading machine as a continuous band in a short time, and 1. An apparatus for producing a long ceramic plate, comprising: a cutting machine that cuts a continuous strip into a fixed length; and a firing furnace that fires the cut dry plate of a fixed length.