JPS6227367A - Continuously producing equipment for elongated ceramic plate - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention involves forming a hollow continuous band by continuous extrusion of a raw material whose main component is clay, and then drying, glazing, and firing the band in a short period of time. This invention relates to a device that continuously manufactures long ceramic plates of a predetermined length by cutting them into pieces.

[Conventional technology]

Rovers and tiles are made by cutting the continuous molded strip sent out from the molding machine into short pieces, then pressing them to form them, drying them,
They were manufactured by either firing, or by filling a mold with the material, molding it in a press, then drying and firing. Furthermore, the firing process involved loading the molded tiles on a cart in five to seven levels, and it took several days.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In this type of apparatus, the drying and firing process takes several days, so it has not been possible to dry and fire in a continuous zone due to productivity, cost, and space considerations. In addition, the conventional apparatus has a method of drying uncured roof tiles or tiles from the surface, which has the disadvantage that the roof tiles or tiles may tear or crack during drying and firing.

Furthermore, with conventional equipment, it was not possible to form elongated objects, and homogeneous roof tiles and roof tiles could only be produced within wide tolerances. Furthermore, since the glaze is applied by passing the glaze through a gap between the glazes that flow in a curved shape, it is not applied uniformly, and it also adheres to undesirable areas such as the back surface, resulting in it being stuck to the cart etc. during firing. Ta.

Means for Solving Problem C] In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention provides a vacuum forming machine followed by a perforating machine for perforating ventilation holes at appropriate locations in the continuous forming band, and then an infrared ray A heater is installed to dry the continuous forming zone from the center, then a dryer is installed that uses the heat source from the firing furnace, then a glazing machine and a firing furnace are installed in that order, and the running power is applied to the outlet of the dryer. By arranging them in a straight line, the porcelain plates can be produced in a long and continuous manner in a much shorter time than before (2, 7 pieces are also smaller, and moreover, they can be manufactured at low cost). The present invention provides an apparatus for continuously manufacturing long ceramic plates having an enameled decorative surface.

〔Example〕

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, one Example of the continuous manufacturing apparatus of the long ceramic plate based on this invention is described in detail using drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the above device.

In the figure, 1 is clay, which is made by mixing several kinds of raw materials and chamotte etc. via a kneader (not shown), and is supplied to a vacuum forming machine 3 via a heald conveyor 2. The vacuum forming machine 3 is used to continuously extrude and mold the clay 1 into the shape shown in FIGS. These features and weaknesses are mutually offset to obtain a specified mixed clay. Examples of clay 1 include pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halozite, metahalosite, kibushi clay, and frog's eye clay. , Shigaraki wood clay, etc. is crushed and kneaded by adding water.Additionally, if necessary, this clay 1 may be removed with a magnet.4 is extracted with a die and made into long pieces as shown in Figure 3. It is formed into a shape that matches the cross section of the shaku porcelain plate A', and a baffle bar 5 for hollow formation is removably attached to the center of the plate. Nails 8 are planted on the outer peripheral surface at appropriate intervals, and ventilation holes a are made in synchronization with the extrusion speed as shown in Figure 2 (al) only on the back side of the extruded continuous forming band (hereinafter simply referred to as forming band) A. Note that the ventilation holes a are effective in shortening the drying time by performing an air cycle in the hollow part of the forming zone A.

9 is a heater that uses infrared rays as a heat source, which is effective for drying the forming zone A from the center to the surface layer in a short time, and reduces the moisture content of clay 1, for example, from 18 = 20% to about 10 to 5%. The purpose is to reduce the viscosity and strengthen shape retention. The paper is dried in a dryer to further reduce moisture in the forming band, for example 1% to 0%.
This is a device to reduce the forming band A to about 20
It is heated at 0 to 400°C while being moved on a mesh belt or the like. The heat source of the dryer rule is, for example, hot air using waste heat sent from a kiln, and the hot air is injected onto the forming zone A from a vibrator 11 or the like as shown in FIG. Stirring is used to uniformly heat the dryer-like atmosphere. Kawa uses a spray gun with a glazing machine,
It consists of a glaze application m14 (spray gun in the figure) such as a flow coater, a conveyor belt 15, and a glaze receiver 16. The conveyor belt 15 is a V-belt or the like as shown in FIG. ). In addition, the temperature distribution for the firing furnace is similar to that of Yamabushi from the inlet 19a to the outlet 19b, and is divided into a preheating area 20, a firing area 21, and a cooling area 22 in that order, and the temperature of the preheating area 20 is 150 to 700°C. , the firing area 21 is 800-1300
℃, and the cooling area 22 is set to about 600 to 100°C. Of course, the temperature setting between each region is different depending on the type and composition of the clay 1, and the temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division in continuous firing.

To further explain the firing furnace, the firing furnace burns flammable gas such as LPG gas to fire the forming zone A, and the arrangement of burners (not shown) for this purpose corresponds to each region. It shall be established. In addition, firing furnace U
Mensch belts, metal rollers, ceramic rollers, alumina rollers, etc. are used as conveyance means for the forming zone A in the inner part, but since the temperature rises to about 1300° C. especially in the firing area 21, for example, as shown in FIG. metal spindle 23
．． An alumina roller 25 is placed between the rollers 24 and 24 to prevent heat from being transmitted to the drive source. A typical conveyor is one in which, for example, a mesh belt 29 is wound between a driving shaft 27 and a driven wheel 28, and a large number of free auxiliary rollers 30 are arranged between the driving shaft 27 and the driven wheels 27 and 28. The heater 9 is mainly arranged in series between the heater 9 and the dryer material to improve moisture evaporation. A roller 31 is used in the preheating area 20 and the cooling area 22 of the firing furnace (1), and is made of steel, ceramic, or steel coated with ceramic. 3
A cover 2 is a tunnel-shaped cover for preventing heat radiation for the heater 9 and dryer, and is made of a cover having a certain degree of heat resistance and heat insulation. Reference numeral 33 is a furnace wall used to insulate the firing furnace side, and is formed into a tunnel shape by combining refractory bricks, heat insulating materials, etc. In addition, an exhaust damper (not shown) is installed in the heater 9, the dryer, and the firing furnace ■.
It is set so that the temperature curve can be controlled. 34 is a running cutter that cuts the forming band A into regular lengths. 35 is a fixed length ceramic plate A' cut by a transfer machine.
is transferred at a speed faster than the speed at which it is sent out from the firing furnace side,
This is to prevent collision between the forming band A and the long ceramic plate A'.

In addition, although not shown, free rollers, belts, etc. are appropriately arranged between the heater 9, the dryer, and the firing furnace 2 to prevent the forming band A from sagging or causing abnormalities in conveyance. be.

Next, the operation will be explained.

First, clay 1 consisting of Shigaraki wood clay, chamotte, water reducing agent, and water is prepared. In addition, the weight% is Shigaraki wood clay 61
．． 5%, chamotte 20%, water reducing agent 0.5% (product name: Celluflo Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and water 18% in a clay kneading machine (MP
-100 model manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.). As the vacuum forming machine 3, a model MV-FM-A-1 (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) having an extrusion capacity of 100 to 1501/hr was used.

The diameter of the nail 8 in the drilling machine was 2φmm and the height was 5ml, and as the heater 9, 10 far-infrared panel heaters with a wavelength of 4μ to 400μ were arranged in a distance of 10 meters to diffuse the moisture inside the forming zone A to the surface. It speeds up dehydration and reduces water content by up to 10%. For dryers, the temperature rises to 200 to 300℃ within about 10 to 20 meters, and 300℃
It was set at 15 m. Also, on the firing furnace side, there is a preheating area 20.
is raised to 150-800"C for 10m, and the firing area 21 is raised to 800-1300"C by 5m.
The cooling zone 22 has a configuration in which the temperature decreases from 130θ to 100”C in 10m.Furthermore, the extrusion speed of the forming band A is set to 2.
0 m/min, a mesh belt 29 was placed between the heater 9 and the dryer, the preheating area 2° and the cooling area 22 were formed with iron rollers, and the baking area 21 was formed with an alumina roller. Moreover, glaze B was sprayed with a spray gun. Furthermore, the pass line and feed speed of each device were set the same. Therefore,
Clay 1 is supplied to a vacuum forming machine 3 via a conveyor 2, and a forming band A as shown in FIG. 2(a) is continuously fed from the die 4 to a heater 9 via a mesh belt 29. . The heater 9 reduces the moisture content of the forming band A to 7% and sends it to the dryer. For use in a dryer, the water content is reduced to 1m0% and sent to the glazing machine head, where glaze B is applied to the decorative surface of forming band A. Next, it is sent to the firing furnace, where it is preheated, fired, and cooled to exit 19b. A long ceramic plate A' is sent out from A', and cut into a fixed length using a traveling cutter 34, for example, 2424 mm, 3030 mm, etc.
A long ceramic plate A' is obtained by cutting the ceramic plate to a length of 3636 m.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, and the forming band A can also be conveyed between the preheating area 20 and the cooling area 22 by an alumina roller.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic plates according to the present invention, extrusion of clay, reduction of moisture in clay using hollow holes and ventilation holes, application of glaze, drying, firing, and cooling can be carried out in a straight line. , it has the great feature that it can be manufactured as a continuous band within a short i period and at high speed.

In addition, by using a hollow structure, ventilation holes, infrared rays, and hot air using waste heat to reduce the moisture content of clay, it is possible to smoothly reduce moisture in a short time at low cost, and it can be manufactured in large quantities with high efficiency. It has characteristics. Furthermore, the length of the ceramic plate can be cut to any desired length. Enameling also has the characteristic that it can be easily carried out during continuous manufacturing. In addition, the device has the advantage of being smaller and cheaper to manufacture than before.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic plates according to the present invention, FIGS. 2(a) and (b) are perspective views showing an example of a continuous forming band, and FIG. An explanatory diagram showing the die part and the perforator, Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the perforator, Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of the dryer, Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing the glazing process part, Fig. 7 The figure is a perspective view showing a part of the firing furnace. ■...Clay, 3...Vacuum forming machine, Machinery...Drilling machine,
9... Heater, ■... Drying machine, U... Glazing machine, Tsukishi... Firing furnace, 34... Traveling cutter, A... Continuous forming band, A-... Long ceramic plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A vacuum forming machine that continuously extrudes clay-based raw materials with a hollow cross section, and a perforating machine that punches ventilation holes at appropriate intervals only on the back side of the continuous formed band immediately after it is sent out from the forming machine. a heater using infrared rays as a heat source for drying the perforated continuous forming band, a dryer for drying the continuous forming band sent out from the heater, and applying a glaze to the surface of the continuous forming band sent out from the dryer. a glazing machine, a firing furnace that fires the continuous formed band sent out from the glazing machine, a traveling cutter that cuts the fired continuous formed band sent out from the firing furnace into a fixed length,
A continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic plates, characterized in that a conveyor for conveying long ceramic plates cut into regular lengths by the cutter is arranged in a straight line.