KR20020046327A - Manufacturing method and apparatus of ceramic ware - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a production process of ceramics which simplifies a heat treatment process to provide enamel, fuse and combine with sumac so that it contributes to raise efficiency. CONSTITUTION: The production system of the ceramics comprises the parts of: a chamber(10) which includes sumac inside; a decompression device(20) which decompresses the chamber below specific pressure; plural gas storage devices which respectively include a gas valve(34,35,36) to provide more than one gases for the chamber selectively; an enamel storage device which includes an enamel valve(37) to provide enamel for the chamber selectively and stores fine enamel inside; and a control part which controls the decompression device to decompress the chamber, sprays enamel into sumac in the chamber through the enamel valve and permits high pressure to fuse the sprayed enamel with sumac in the wake of supplying inert gas through the gas valve.

Description

Manufacture method and apparatus of ceramics {Manufacturing method and apparatus of ceramic ware}

The present invention relates to ceramics, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for manufacturing ceramics using a plasma vacuum deposition method.

Organic products, generally referred to as ceramics, are products that have been cured by incorporating or mixing inorganic materials such as clay, feldspar, quartz, and pottery alone or by heating. Its electrical conductivity is low and its solid characteristics have been widely used in everyday life since ancient times.

Briefly look at the manufacturing process of these organic products.

Raw materials constituting the organic products have SiO _x , such as silica, depending on their properties, and have a skeleton component that can maintain and support the skeleton, and an adhesive such as clay that enables the ceramic to be molded into a desired shape. A large number of inorganic natural minerals are used, which are divided into molding components, calcite, and calcite, which harden at low temperatures, and many kinds of inorganic natural minerals are pulverized and mixed to mix well with water.土) After ripening (Maturation) appropriately through the work to form the shape and drying it by molding work to meet the purpose.

Ceramic materials having a certain shape, which are formed through this process, are called fetuses because they have the state of fetus. The ceramics of these fetuses are first baked or sketched according to the purpose, and then glaze is applied to the surface. You lose.

The glaze is a solid solution that is fused to a thin film by heat on the surface of an organic material product including ceramics. It refers to a solid solution having a certain chemical property. It increases the reflectance and glossiness of the surface of the organic product to make a beautiful appearance and the strength of the ceramic material. In order to increase the ceramics, the ceramics have the inherent advantages of organic products, such that the glaze is fused to the surface to protect them from strong acids and strong alkalis, and to be unsaturated against liquids and gases, thereby easily recovering from contamination. It is possible to have.

These glazes can be classified into various types depending on the temperature at which they are fused, the appearance of the fused state, and the materials of the glaze. However, in general, glazes are used as a raw material by combining a plurality of natural minerals. Is largely divided into a melt such as feldspar that is changed to glassy by heat, and a mineralizer that serves to lower the temperature at which the melt is melted.

In addition, the process of coating the glaze on the fetus is called milking. The milking method is an immersion method in which milk is immersed in a mixture of glaze and water by using the absorbency of the ceramics of the bovine, or the oil is scooped to a suitable thickness. Spilling is used as a method of splattering with water.

In recent years, as these organic products are mass-produced, a method of spraying glaze with compressed air and applying a fixed thickness, spraying using a compressor, or spraying in a fog shape, etc. may be used. However, all of these various oiling methods are for coating glazes with a uniform thickness on the fetus, and since the glaze contains clay, it is possible to apply oil even without first baking.

After that, the glaze that has been polished to a uniform thickness varies depending on the kind of material minerals constituting the ceramic material or the raw material of the glaze. However, heat treatment at a temperature of about 1250 ~ 1300 ° C. causes the glaze to fuse well with the glaze. It is finished with ceramics, and then, depending on the purpose, a process such as drawing a picture above may be added.

Through the process of lubricating the above-described glaze and heat-treating it, the organic product has higher strength and more gorgeous aesthetics than the state of fertility.

However, although the process for manufacturing organic products such as the aforementioned ceramics has been briefly described, each step requires a lot of time and processes, and in particular, the process of gluing them by applying glaze to fermentation is carried out in a high temperature working environment. The manufacturing process of the product becomes more complicated, and the organic product thus completed reacts sensitively due to the small difference in the working environment of each process step. Most of them depend on manual work.

In addition, the strength of the organic product through the fusion process through the application of the glaze and heat treatment of the glaze is increased to a certain extent than the state of the state, but the strength of the finished organic product is manufactured using other materials, such as wood or metal Its strength is low compared to its back, and still has the disadvantage of being easily broken or scratched.

Therefore, in order to increase the strength of the organic product of the finished product, various methods such as coating the surface of the ceramic material with different physical quantities have been proposed. However, these general methods are not related to the manufacturing process of manufacturing the organic product. Since it is implemented through an additional process has a problem that the price of the product is increased by further increasing the production yield of the organic product.

Accordingly, the present invention provides an improved ceramics manufacturing method and apparatus for use in the same, which simplifies the process of manufacturing existing organic products while further improving the strength of the finished product.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a ceramics manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the chamber that is part of the ceramics manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,

3 is a cross-sectional view of the chamber of FIG. 2, FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing the rack drive mechanism cut along the line I-I of FIG.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10 chamber 20 pressure reducing device

34, 35, 36: gas valve 37: glaze valve

51 titanium rod 52 magnetron

53: cold plate 54: titanium plate

55: grid rod 60: rack

61: spindle 62: reduction gear

63: upper plate 64: rack shaft

65: main gear 66: fluid gear

67: support plate 68: vertical support bar

M: motor

The present invention comprises a chamber in which the fetus is seated therein to achieve the above object; A decompression device for depressurizing the inside of the chamber to a vacuum below a predetermined pressure; A plurality of gas storage devices each having a gas valve for selectively supplying at least one gas into the chamber; A glaze storage device having a glaze valve for selectively supplying a glaze into the chamber and storing a glaze in a fine powder therein; A pressure reducing device is controlled to depressurize the inside of the chamber, and afterwards, the glaze on the fine powder stored in the glaze storage device is injected into the base of the chamber through the glaze valve, and then, an inert gas is introduced through the gas valve. After supplying a high pressure is applied to provide an organic product manufacturing apparatus comprising a control unit for the sprayed glaze is fused with the fetal calf.

Particularly, the plurality of gas storage devices store nitrogen, oxygen, and argon gas, respectively, and the storage device of the glaze stores materials constituting white porcelain oil in a solid mixed powder polished to several micrometers or less. .

A chamber comprising a titanium cathode, a magnetron that emits electrons from the cathode and forms an electric field, a titanium target hit by the emitted electrons, and an organic product to be processed between the cathode and the target; A decompression device for depressurizing an internal pressure of the chamber; A gas injection device for injecting gas into the chamber; An organic product manufacturing method using an organic product manufacturing apparatus comprising a glaze injector for injecting glaze into the chamber, comprising: depressurizing the chamber by the decompression device; Injecting a glaze in a fine powder into the chamber through the glaze injection device and uniformly applying the organic product to be processed; Injecting gas into the chamber through the gas injection device; Applying a voltage to the magnetron to emit electrons from the cathode and collide with the injected gas molecules to change the gas into a plasma to cause a glow discharge; Applying a voltage in the chamber to change the glow discharge into an arc discharge, the temperature rises due to the arc discharge, the fine powder glaze applied to the surface of the organic product is fused, and the plasma gas hits the target In addition, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an organic product, comprising the step of depositing a target material component molecule scattered from the target as a thin film on the organic product.

In particular, the gas is at least one selected from oxygen, nitrogen, argon, the glaze flowing into the chamber is characterized in that the material constituting the white porcelain as a solid powder mixture ground and ground to several micrometers or less.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention A preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

The present invention is a manufacturing method for manufacturing an improved organic product by depositing a titanium thin film on the surface of the organic product of the finished product by lubricating, fusing the glaze in a plasma vacuum deposition environment, and heat-treating it to form a finished product. And an apparatus and an organic product.

Plasma vacuum deposition used in the manufacturing process of the organic product according to the present invention is to use the principle of lightning, aurora, etc. occurring in the natural phenomenon of the air, the evaporation source such as metals or compounds in the vacuum to evaporate and A method of forming a thin film on the surface of an object facing the evaporation source by reacting metal particles with a reactive gas such as argon or hydrogen. In particular, the present invention improves the deposition probability of the evaporation source and the reactive gas at all times. To provide.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for manufacturing an organic product according to the present invention has a cylindrical chamber 10 having a door 11 open and close at a front side thereof, and a pressure inside the chamber 10 below a predetermined pressure. A pressure reducing device 20, a plurality of gas storage devices 30, 31, and 32 for injecting an inert gas into the chamber 10, and a glaze storage device 33 for injecting glaze into the chamber 10. It is configured to include.

In addition, the chamber 10 has a predetermined internal device, which will be described later, in order to drive a part of the device configured inside the chamber and to cool the device, the organic product manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a motor (M). ) And a cooling device 15, and the plurality of gas storage devices 30, 31, and 32 and the glaze storage device 33 may control the amount of gas and glaze injected into the chamber 10. Each gas storage device has gas valves 34, 35, 36 and a glaze valve 37.

Such a plurality of gas storage devices 30, 31, 32 are preferably argon gas tanks storing argon gas, nitrogen gas tanks storing nitrogen gas, and oxygen gas tanks storing oxygen gas.

In addition, the above-described motor (M), the cooling device 15, the decompression device 20, the glaze valve 37 and the plurality of gas valves (34, 35, 36) is a control unit included in the organic product manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention The operation is controlled by 40.

The chamber, which is an essential part of the organic product manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention having such a configuration, will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

The chamber 10 preferably has a cylindrical shape to maximize its internal volume. The internal space of the chamber is controlled by the above-described pressure reducing device 20, and the bottom surface of the chamber 10 is controlled. At the center is a cathode means consisting of titanium rods 51 installed upright along the direction of the central axis, and the top of the titanium rods 51 to discharge electrons from the titanium rods 51 to strike the target (target) and The magnetron 52 which serves to form an electric field in the chamber 10 is provided.

In addition, on one side of the inside of the chamber 10, a titanium plate 54 serving as a target is fixedly positioned to face the titanium rod 51, and the titanium plate 54 is fixed to the side surface of the chamber and titanium. It is possible to configure a cooling plate 53, which is a means for cooling the titanium plate 54, preferably between the plates, and this cooling plate 53 is supplied with cooling water from the cooling device 15 shown in FIG. It can be configured to pass through.

On one side surface of the chamber 10 having such a configuration, a plurality of gas injection holes 34, 35, 36 and a glaze injection hole 37 are injected, and the titanium rod 51 and the titanium plate 54 are positioned. Between the grid bar 55 is preferably installed.

In addition, inside the chamber 10, a plurality of racks 60 each including a support plate 67 for placing organic products to be processed in a vertical layer in a vertical direction, and a plurality of vertical support bars for fixing the support plates, respectively. The motor (M) installed in the upper chamber is installed so as to revolve and rotate around the circumference of the titanium rod 51, this configuration is cut along the line II of Fig. 2, the cross-sectional view of the chamber 3 and Fig. It will be described in detail with reference to Figure 4 which is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section.

In the center of the upper surface of the chamber 10, the upper end is connected to the motor (M) through the reducer 62, the lower end is provided with a main shaft 61 connected to the circular upper plate 63 is penetrated, On the bottom of the upper plate 63, a plurality of racks 60 are fixed to the lower end of the rack shaft 64 passing through the upper plate 63 at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. The main gear 65 is fixedly installed between the upper plate 63 located at the bottom and the upper surface of the chamber 10, and the planetary gears 66 external to the main gear 65 are formed at the upper end of each rack shaft 64. It is fixedly installed, and the rack 60 rotates about the rack shaft 64 while rotating around the spindle shaft 61 as the main shaft 61 rotates by a motor.

At this time, each rack 60 is a plurality of support plates 67 are located in a plurality of layers at regular intervals in the vertical direction, such a plurality of multi-layer support plate 67 is removable by a plurality of vertical support bars (68). Its edge portion is fitted so as to be fitted.

In this chamber, while rotating the racks 60 around the titanium rod 51, the motor M which rotates about the rack shaft 64 and moves the organic product located therein is the control unit 40 shown in FIG. It has been described above that it is electrically connected to and subjected to operation control.

The organic product manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention described above is a process of forming a ceramic product of a finished product by applying glaze to the bovine, which is the most essential process, in the general organic product manufacturing process, melting the glaze and heat-treating the bovine and the glaze. At the same time, the apparatus for coating a titanium thin film in order to increase the strength of the ceramics of the finished product is described in detail with reference to Figure 1 and 2 how to produce an organic product through the organic product manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. do.

First, opening and closing the door 11 is located in the front of the chamber 10 having the above-described configuration, each of which is coupled to a plurality of longitudinal support bars 68 included in the rack 60 provided therein The door is closed with an organic product in the state of primacy, which is formed only on the support plate 67 or is formed only.

Subsequently, the pressure reduction inside the chamber is reduced by operating the pressure reducing device 20 by operating the control unit 40. The reason for reducing the pressure inside the chamber 10 may include electrons and plasma molecules generated in a subsequent process. In order to make the atoms, molecules, and ions of the thin film material move smoothly, and to form a pure thin film by increasing the mean free path of atoms of the target means, it is preferable in the method of manufacturing an organic product according to the present invention. Preferably, the pressure is reduced to a vacuum of about 0.3 to 0.5 millitorr.

When the decompression is completed, the control unit 40 is operated to rotate and drive the motor M. The rack 60 is engaged with the motor M, the main gear 65 and the planetary gear 66 to rotate and revolve. ) While rotating the titanium rod 51 while rotating the glaze valve 37 to inject the glaze stored in the glaze storage device 33 into the chamber 10 while rotating the glaze to the chamber 10. Inject.

At this time, the state of the glaze is injected into the chamber is a solid powder state of the fine particle is polished to several micrometers or less, the component may be variously configured according to the desired product, but in the present invention is preferably transparent Glaze constituting the white sintered oil is selected, and their composition and composition ratio are summarized in Table 1.

<Table 1>

Kinds Material Weight% Kinds Material Weight% White freedom 1 feldspar 63 White freedom 2 feldspar 50 marble 18 marble 18 burr 2 burr 5 Pottery 13 Yangguang Stone 15 Kaolin 4 Water soil 12 White freedom 3 feldspar 59.5 White freedom 4 Dangjin Water 82 burr 20 feldspar 2 Clay 7.5 Limestone 15 Kaolin 5 marble One marble 8

In the present invention, the reason why the white porcelain oil is transparently fused without color is selected because it is possible to provide an improved coloring method in the organic product manufacturing method according to the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art.

In particular, in the case where the glaze is injected into the chamber 10 through the glaze valve 37 as described above, the pressure 33 of the glaze storage device is in a high pressure or normal pressure state, and the chamber into which the solid powder of the glaze flows ( Since the pressure in 10) is reduced to about 0.3 to 0.5 millitorr, the glaze polished to several micrometers or less is dispersed and dispersed in the whole area of the chamber 10, where the motor M Since rotating and revolving the organic product supported by the rack 60 while rotating, the glaze is covered with a uniform thickness on the surface of the ceramics in the womb state.

When the glaze is covered with a uniform thickness as described above, the gas valves 34, 35, and 36 are opened to inject gas into the chamber 10.

At this time, the inert gas is preferably used, and the gas supply amount is about 3㎥, and when the finished ceramics have a golden color, nitrogen gas is used, and when arranging silver, argon gas and a rainbow-colored film are deposited. In this case, the oxygen gas may be injected, and at this time, two or more of the above-mentioned inert gases may be selected and mixed to inject the mixed colors.

Subsequently, when a voltage is applied to the titanium rod 51 through the magnetron 52, electrons are emitted from the titanium rod 51, and the emitted electrons collide with an inert gas in the chamber 10. Some of the collided inert gas molecules are ionized, but most of them are not ionized and become excited and soon return to their original stable state, which emits a glow called glow to generate a plasma.

When such a glow discharge occurs, the emitted electrons are decompressed to approximately 0.3 to 0.5 millitorr and the electric field is formed by the magnetron. The glow discharge is maintained, wherein when the amount of current is increased, the glow discharge changes into an arc discharge in which 10000K or more emits a temperature, thus changing the environment in the chamber to an environment having a temperature of 10000K or more. The ceramic material is heat-treated to fuse the glaze on the surface and the fetus.

In addition, the positive ions in the plasma move to the titanium plate 54 of the negative electrode by the force of the negative electrode, which is accelerated by the electric field formed by the magnetron 52 to fly to the target titanium plate 54 with high kinetic energy. .

When the particles impinge on the titanium plate 54 with such a high kinetic energy, the titanium plate 54 has a chain and multiple collisions of atoms and atoms, and titanium atoms are scattered in the air. While reacting with the inert gas, it is evenly deposited on the surface of the porcelain which is placed on the rack 60 and rotates around the titanium rod 51.

The grid rod 55 serves to control the above reaction by increasing or decreasing the amount of electrons emitted from the titanium rod 51.

That is, through the above-described process, the ceramics in the fetal state are glazed and heat treated to form the ceramics of the finished product by being fused with the fetal and simultaneously coated with a titanium thin film to have a higher strength and at the same time desired according to the inert gas used. Coloring becomes possible.

In the above, an example of applying the apparatus of the present invention to ceramics has been described, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be applied not only to the ceramic products but also to glass and metal materials.

As described above, according to the manufacturing apparatus and the method of the organic product according to the present invention, it is possible to easily process the heat treatment of the glaze of the glaze which is a complicated and difficult process in the process of forming a general ceramic material, and the fusion by bonding it to the base material. Of course, the ceramic material according to the present invention is deposited with a titanium film having a high hardness on the surface thereof to form a ceramic material having a higher strength, it is possible to be colored according to the type of inert gas injected into the chamber.

In particular, the finished ceramic according to the method of manufacturing a ceramic material according to the present invention is a gas of 1 nanometer thick on the surface of the ceramic carburized in the interior of the ceramic material, to form a ceramic thin film on the surface to increase the corrosion resistance and wear resistance It is possible to construct a semi-permanent material by raising the H from 6000Hv to 7000Hv.

That is, it is possible to improve the appearance of the product by decorating the ceramic surface beautifully at a low cost and at the same time by forming a ceramic product of the finished product through a relatively easy process, and the surface hardness is increased to reduce the damage of the ceramic material, other surface The productivity can be improved compared to the decoration method.

In particular, the production capacity per unit time is increased to reduce the manufacturing cost per unit number, even non-skilled people have the advantage of obtaining a uniform quality of ceramics.

Claims (4)

A chamber in which fetuses are seated therein; A decompression device for depressurizing the inside of the chamber to a vacuum below a predetermined pressure; A plurality of gas storage devices each having a gas valve for selectively supplying at least one gas into the chamber; A glaze storage device having a glaze valve for selectively supplying a glaze into the chamber and storing a glaze in a fine powder therein; A pressure reducing device is controlled to depressurize the inside of the chamber, and afterwards, the glaze on the fine powder stored in the glaze storage device is injected into the base of the chamber through the glaze valve, and then, an inert gas is introduced through the gas valve. After supplying a high pressure is applied to the control unit for the sprayed glaze is fused with the fetal calf Organic product manufacturing apparatus comprising a The method according to claim 1, The plurality of gas storage devices store nitrogen, oxygen, and argon gas, respectively, and the storage device of the glaze is an organic product manufacturing apparatus that stores materials constituting white porcelain in a solid mixed powder state polished to several micrometers or less. A chamber comprising a titanium cathode, a magnetron that emits electrons from the cathode and forms an electric field, a titanium target to which the emitted electrons strike, and an organic product to be processed between the cathode and the target; A decompression device for depressurizing an internal pressure of the chamber; A gas injection device for injecting gas into the chamber; An organic product manufacturing method using an organic product manufacturing apparatus including a glaze injecting device for injecting glaze into the chamber, Depressurizing the chamber by the decompression device; Injecting a glaze in a fine powder into the chamber through the glaze injection device and uniformly applying the organic product to be processed; Injecting gas into the chamber through the gas injection device; Applying a voltage to the magnetron to emit electrons from the cathode and collide with the injected gas molecules to change the gas into a plasma to cause a glow discharge; Applying a voltage in the chamber to change the glow discharge into an arc discharge, the temperature rises due to the arc discharge, the fine powder glaze applied to the surface of the organic product is fused, and the plasma gas hits the target Depositing a target material component molecule scattered from the target as a thin film on the organic product Organic product manufacturing method comprising a The method according to claim 3, The gas is at least one selected from oxygen, nitrogen, and argon, and the glaze flowing into the chamber is a solid powder mixture ground and ground to several micrometers or less and constitutes white porcelain oil.