JPH07123045B2 - Phosphoric acid fuel cell - Google Patents
Phosphoric acid fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07123045B2 JPH07123045B2 JP61004063A JP406386A JPH07123045B2 JP H07123045 B2 JPH07123045 B2 JP H07123045B2 JP 61004063 A JP61004063 A JP 61004063A JP 406386 A JP406386 A JP 406386A JP H07123045 B2 JPH07123045 B2 JP H07123045B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- reservoir
- air electrode
- fuel cell
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
- H01M8/04283—Supply means of electrolyte to or in matrix-fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 イ）産業上の利用分野 本発明はマトリックス型燃料電池におけるリン酸電解液
の再補充機構に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a replenishment mechanism of a phosphoric acid electrolyte in a matrix fuel cell.
ロ）従来の技術 この種電池において電解液は対極間に介在するマトリッ
クスに含浸保持されているが、電池の長期作動中各極背
面に流通する高温の反応ガスによってマトリックスが乾
燥し、電池性能を低下させる要因となっている。そのた
め電池内に電解液の貯蔵部を設けて外部から貯蔵部を介
しマトリックスに電解液を補給する方法がとられる。(B) Conventional technology In this type of battery, the electrolyte is impregnated and held in the matrix interposed between the counter electrodes, but during long-term operation of the battery, the high temperature reaction gas flowing to the back of each electrode dries the matrix to improve battery performance. It is a factor that lowers the price. Therefore, a method of providing an electrolytic solution storage unit in the battery and replenishing the matrix with the electrolytic solution from the outside through the storage unit is adopted.
一般に電池スタック（１）は単位セル（２）とガス分離
板（３）とを交互に積重して構成され、単位セル（２）
は燃料極（Ｎ）、空気極（Ｐ）及びその間に介在するマ
トリックス（Ｍ）（Ｍ′）よりなり、ガス分離板は両面
に夫々燃料ガス流通溝（見えない）と空気流通溝（４）
とを有し、燃料ガス流通溝を有する側のシール面（５）
にはリザーバー（６）が形設されている。Generally, the battery stack (1) is configured by alternately stacking the unit cells (2) and the gas separation plates (3), and the unit cells (2)
Is composed of a fuel electrode (N), an air electrode (P), and a matrix (M) (M ') interposed therebetween, and the gas separation plate has a fuel gas flow groove (not visible) and an air flow groove (4) on both sides.
And a sealing surface on the side having a fuel gas flow groove (5)
A reservoir (6) is formed in the.
従来このリザーバー（６）は第４図に示すようマトリッ
クス（Ｍ）を介して空気極（Ｐ）の延長部−燃料極
（Ｎ）と対向しない−と対接しており、補液時連通孔
（７）を介して各リザーバー（６）に供給された電解液
は、マトリックス（Ｍ）（Ｍ′）の周辺より順次含浸さ
れるが、補液完了後液絡防止のため各リザーバー（６）
の電解液は排出されて電池作動中リザーバー（６）には
電解液は存在しない。そのため電池スタック（１）内の
電解液量が限定され、補液周期が短くなるという問題が
あった。Conventionally, this reservoir (6) is in contact with the extension of the air electrode (P) -not facing the fuel electrode (N) -through the matrix (M) as shown in FIG. ), The electrolytic solution supplied to each reservoir (6) is sequentially impregnated from the periphery of the matrixes (M) and (M ′).
The electrolyte solution is discharged and no electrolyte solution is present in the reservoir (6) during battery operation. Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of the electrolytic solution in the battery stack (1) is limited and the replacement solution cycle becomes short.
ハ）発明が解決しようとする問題点 この発明は電池内の保持電解液量を増大して補液周期の
延長と電池寿命の向上を図るものである。(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention is intended to increase the amount of the holding electrolyte solution in the battery to prolong the replacement fluid cycle and improve the battery life.
ニ）問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は、マトリックス（Ｍ）を介して対向する燃料極
（Ｎ）及び空気極（Ｐ）を有する単電池と、ガス分離板
（３）とを交互に積層して構成され、電解液を間欠的に
補給するタイプのリン酸燃料電池であって、電池作動時
には電解液を保持しないリザーバー（６）と補助リザー
バー層（10）とをマトリックス（Ｍ）を介して対向して
配置したリン酸燃料電池において、前記ガス分離板
（３）の空気流通溝方向の周辺部分には、前記燃料極
（Ｎ）側に前記空気流通溝と並行して前記リザーバー
（６）が穿設されており、前記リザーバー（６）が前記
マトリックス（Ｍ）に連絡されており、前記マトリック
ス（Ｍ）を介して前記リザーバー（６）と対向する前記
空気極（Ｐ）の周辺部分は取り除かれており、この部分
は電解液保持部材で構成され且つ薄板状の前記補助リザ
ーバー層（10）で置換されており、前記補助リザーバー
層（10）と前記空気極（Ｐ）とは、前記マトリックス
（Ｍ）と前記ガス分離板（３）との間で、挟持されてお
り、前記空気極（Ｐ）と前記補助リザーバー層（10）と
の間には、フッ素ゴム系接着剤（11）が充填されたこと
を特徴とする。D) Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, a cell having a fuel electrode (N) and an air electrode (P) facing each other via a matrix (M) and a gas separation plate (3) are alternately arranged. A phosphoric acid fuel cell, which is constructed by stacking layers and intermittently replenishes an electrolytic solution, wherein a matrix (M) comprises a reservoir (6) that does not retain the electrolytic solution during operation of the cell and an auxiliary reservoir layer (10). In the phosphoric acid fuel cell arranged so as to be opposed to each other, in the peripheral portion of the gas separation plate (3) in the direction of the air circulation groove, the reservoir (N) is provided in parallel with the air circulation groove on the fuel electrode (N) side. 6) is perforated, the reservoir (6) is connected to the matrix (M), and the periphery of the air electrode (P) facing the reservoir (6) through the matrix (M). The part has been removed, The portion is composed of an electrolyte solution holding member and is replaced by the thin plate-shaped auxiliary reservoir layer (10), and the auxiliary reservoir layer (10) and the air electrode (P) are the matrix (M) and the It is sandwiched between the gas separation plate (3) and a fluororubber adhesive (11) is filled between the air electrode (P) and the auxiliary reservoir layer (10). Characterize.
ここで、電解液保持部材としては、SiCマトリックスと
略同一組成物を使用することが望ましい。Here, as the electrolytic solution holding member, it is desirable to use the same composition as the SiC matrix.
ホ）作用 この発明によれば電池作動時電解液の存在しないリザー
バーの他に電池作動中も電解液を保持する補助リザーバ
ー層を有するので、それだけ電池の保持電解液量を増大
することができる。(E) Action According to the present invention, in addition to the reservoir in which the electrolytic solution does not exist when the battery is operating, the auxiliary reservoir layer which holds the electrolytic solution during the operation of the battery is provided, so that the amount of the electrolytic solution held in the battery can be increased accordingly.
ヘ）実施例 本発明の実施例を第１図及び第２図について説明する
が、該当個所は前記第３図及び第４図と同一記号を付し
た。F) Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, and the corresponding portions are denoted by the same symbols as those in FIGS. 3 and 4.
燃料極（Ｎ）には燃料ガス流通溝（見えない）から水素
ガスが供給され、リザーバー（６）に対応するスリット
（８′）を設けたシム（８）で縁取りされている。一
方、予めSiCマトリックス（Ｍ′）が付着された空気極
（Ｐ）には空気流通溝（４）から空気が供給される様に
構成されており、シム（９）でこの空気極（Ｐ）が囲ま
れている。但し、カーボンマトリックス（Ｍ）を介して
リザーバー（６）と対接する空気極周辺部が削除され、
この削除部分が電解液保持層（10）となっている。この
結果、電解液保持層（10）は、カーボンマトリックス
（Ｍ）を介して、燃料極（Ｎ）と反対側に配置された構
成となる。Hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel electrode (N) from a fuel gas flow groove (not visible), and is bordered by a shim (8) provided with a slit (8 ') corresponding to the reservoir (6). On the other hand, air is supplied from the air circulation groove (4) to the air electrode (P) to which the SiC matrix (M ') has been attached in advance, and the shim (9) is used to supply the air electrode (P). Are surrounded. However, the periphery of the air electrode that is in contact with the reservoir (6) via the carbon matrix (M) is deleted,
This removed portion serves as the electrolyte holding layer (10). As a result, the electrolytic solution holding layer (10) is arranged on the side opposite to the fuel electrode (N) with the carbon matrix (M) interposed therebetween.
この電解液保持層（10）は、SiCマトリックスと同材質
からなり、補助リザーバー層としての機能を有する。保
持層（10）と空気極（Ｐ）との接合間隙にはフッ素ゴム
系接着剤（11）が充填され、空気極（Ｐ）の接着面を介
して保持層（10）の電解液が空気供給溝（４）へもれた
り、逆に空気流通溝（４）内の空気が流出するのを防止
する。更にこの接着剤（11）上にSiCマトリックス材（1
2）を塗着してもよい。The electrolyte holding layer (10) is made of the same material as the SiC matrix and has a function as an auxiliary reservoir layer. The bonding gap between the holding layer (10) and the air electrode (P) is filled with a fluororubber adhesive (11), and the electrolytic solution of the holding layer (10) is aired through the bonding surface of the air electrode (P). It prevents the air from leaking into the supply groove (4) and conversely the air in the air circulation groove (4) from flowing out. Furthermore, the SiC matrix material (1
2) may be applied.
カーボンマトリックス（Ｍ）の周辺部は対向シム（８）
（９）間で挾持されてシール部を構成する。Perimeter shim (8) of carbon matrix (M)
It is sandwiched between (9) to form a seal portion.
電解液の補給を必要とするとき、連通孔（７）を介して
各リザーバー（６）に電解液を供給し、リザーバーに溜
められた液がカーボンマトリックス（Ｍ）及びSiCマト
リックス（Ｍ′）に周辺より順次含浸される。これと同
時に保持層（10）にも含液される。補液完了時液絡防止
のためリザーバー（６）内の電解液は最終的に排出され
るが、保持層（10）の含浸電解液はそのまゝ残る。When it is necessary to replenish the electrolytic solution, the electrolytic solution is supplied to each reservoir (6) through the communication hole (7), and the solution stored in the reservoir is converted into the carbon matrix (M) and the SiC matrix (M ′). It is impregnated sequentially from the periphery. At the same time, liquid is also contained in the holding layer (10). When the replacement liquid is completed, the electrolytic solution in the reservoir (6) is finally discharged to prevent the liquid junction, but the impregnated electrolytic solution in the holding layer (10) remains as it is.
従って電池作動中マトリックス（Ｍ）（Ｍ′）が乾燥し
てくると保持層（10）内に貯蔵された電解液がマトリッ
クスに順次含浸されて行くので、それだけ補液周期を延
長することが可能となり、電池寿命の向上にも役立つ。Therefore, when the matrix (M) (M ') is dried during the operation of the battery, the electrolyte solution stored in the holding layer (10) is sequentially impregnated into the matrix, so that the replacement fluid cycle can be extended accordingly. It also helps improve battery life.
ト）発明の効果 以上のように本発明によれば電池反応に寄与しない電極
周辺部を削除して電解液保持材で置換したので、電池内
の貯蔵電解液量が増大して補液周期を延長すると共に電
池寿命の向上することができる。また、補助リザーバー
層を燃料極側に配置し空気の漏れを抑えるものに比べ
て、電解液保持材がカーボンマトリックスに対し空気極
側に配置されているので、気体即ち空気の漏れを簡易に
抑制することができる。加えて、フッ素ゴム系接着剤
が、空気極（Ｐ）と補助リザーバー層との間に充填され
ているので、空気極（Ｐ）の接着面を介して電解液保持
層（10）の電解液が空気供給溝（４）へ漏れたり、逆に
空気流通溝（４）内の空気が流出するのを防止すること
ができ、マトリックス型燃料電池の性能改善に貢献する
ものである。G) Effect of the invention As described above, according to the present invention, the electrode peripheral portion that does not contribute to the battery reaction is deleted and replaced with the electrolyte holding material, so that the amount of stored electrolyte in the battery is increased and the replacement fluid cycle is extended. In addition, the battery life can be improved. In addition, compared to the auxiliary reservoir layer arranged on the fuel electrode side to suppress air leakage, the electrolyte holding material is arranged on the air electrode side with respect to the carbon matrix, so gas or air leakage can be easily suppressed. can do. In addition, since the fluororubber adhesive is filled between the air electrode (P) and the auxiliary reservoir layer, the electrolytic solution of the electrolytic solution holding layer (10) is interposed via the adhesive surface of the air electrode (P). Can be prevented from leaking to the air supply groove (4) and conversely the air in the air circulation groove (4) can be prevented from flowing out, which contributes to the performance improvement of the matrix fuel cell.
第１図（イ）（ロ）は夫々燃料極及び空気極を取付けた
本発明によるガス分離板の平面図、第２図は電池スタッ
クにおける第１図のX-X線による要部拡大断面図、第３
図は空気極を取付けた従来のガス分離板の平面図、第４
図は第３図のX-X線による断面図である。 ２……単位セル、３……ガス分離板、６……リザーバ
ー、７……連通孔、8,9……シム、10……電解液保持材
（補助リザーバー層）、11……フッ素ゴム系接着剤、Ｐ
……空気極、Ｎ……燃料極、M,M′……マトリックス。1 (a) and 1 (b) are plan views of a gas separation plate according to the present invention having a fuel electrode and an air electrode attached, respectively, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the battery stack taken along the line XX in FIG. Three
The figure shows a plan view of a conventional gas separation plate with an air electrode attached.
The drawing is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 2 ... Unit cell, 3 ... Gas separation plate, 6 ... Reservoir, 7 ... Communication hole, 8,9 ... Shim, 10 ... Electrolyte holding material (auxiliary reservoir layer), 11 ... Fluorine rubber type Adhesive, P
... Air electrode, N ... Fuel electrode, M, M '... Matrix.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 森谷 真二 大阪府守口市京阪本通２丁目18番地 三洋 電機株式会社内 (72)発明者 竹原 理 大阪府守口市京阪本通２丁目18番地 三洋 電機株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Shinji Moritani, 2-18 Keihan Hon-dori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Osamu Takehara 2-18, Keihan-hondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.
Claims (2)
極（Ｎ）及び空気極（Ｐ）を有する単電池と、ガス分離
板（３）とを交互に積層して構成され、電解液を間欠的
に補給するタイプのリン酸燃料電池であって、電池作動
時には電解液を保持しないリザーバー（６）と補助リザ
ーバー層（10）とをマトリックス（Ｍ）を介して対向し
て配置したリン酸燃料電池において、 前記ガス分離板（３）の空気流通溝方向の周辺部分に
は、前記燃料極（Ｎ）側に前記空気流通溝と並行して前
記リザーバー（６）が穿設されており、前記リザーバー
（６）が前記マトリックス（Ｍ）に連絡されており、 前記マトリックス（Ｍ）を介して前記リザーバー（６）
と対向する前記空気極（Ｐ）の周辺部分は取り除かれて
おり、この部分は電解液保持部材で構成され且つ薄板状
の前記補助リザーバー層（10）で置換されており、 前記補助リザーバー層（10）と前記空気極（Ｐ）とは、
前記マトリックス（Ｍ）と前記ガス分離板（３）との間
で、挟持されており、 前記空気極（Ｐ）と前記補助リザーバー層（10）との間
には、フッ素ゴム系接着剤（11）が充填されたことを特
徴とするリン酸燃料電池。1. A unit cell having a fuel electrode (N) and an air electrode (P) facing each other through a matrix (M) and a gas separation plate (3) are alternately laminated to form an electrolytic solution. A phosphoric acid fuel cell of intermittent replenishment type, in which a reservoir (6) that does not retain an electrolytic solution during operation of the cell and an auxiliary reservoir layer (10) are arranged to face each other through a matrix (M). In the fuel cell, in the peripheral portion of the gas separation plate (3) in the air circulation groove direction, the reservoir (6) is formed on the fuel electrode (N) side in parallel with the air circulation groove, The reservoir (6) is connected to the matrix (M), and the reservoir (6) is connected through the matrix (M).
The peripheral portion of the air electrode (P) facing the air electrode (P) is removed, and this portion is constituted by an electrolyte solution holding member and is replaced by the thin plate-shaped auxiliary reservoir layer (10). 10) and the air electrode (P) are
The fluororubber adhesive (11) is sandwiched between the matrix (M) and the gas separation plate (3), and is sandwiched between the air electrode (P) and the auxiliary reservoir layer (10). ) Filled with phosphoric acid fuel cell.
略同一組成物からなることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第１項記載のリン酸燃料電池。2. The phosphoric acid fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte solution holding member is made of a composition substantially the same as the SiC matrix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61004063A JPH07123045B2 (en) | 1986-01-10 | 1986-01-10 | Phosphoric acid fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61004063A JPH07123045B2 (en) | 1986-01-10 | 1986-01-10 | Phosphoric acid fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62163265A JPS62163265A (en) | 1987-07-20 |
| JPH07123045B2 true JPH07123045B2 (en) | 1995-12-25 |
Family
ID=11574384
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61004063A Expired - Fee Related JPH07123045B2 (en) | 1986-01-10 | 1986-01-10 | Phosphoric acid fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07123045B2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6028172A (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-13 | Toshiba Corp | Electro-chemical power generating element |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6093272U (en) * | 1983-11-30 | 1985-06-25 | 三菱電機株式会社 | stacked fuel cell |
-
1986
- 1986-01-10 JP JP61004063A patent/JPH07123045B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6028172A (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-13 | Toshiba Corp | Electro-chemical power generating element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62163265A (en) | 1987-07-20 |
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