JPH06256784A - 非黒鉛系潤滑油 - Google Patents

非黒鉛系潤滑油

Info

Publication number
JPH06256784A
JPH06256784A JP5041271A JP4127193A JPH06256784A JP H06256784 A JPH06256784 A JP H06256784A JP 5041271 A JP5041271 A JP 5041271A JP 4127193 A JP4127193 A JP 4127193A JP H06256784 A JPH06256784 A JP H06256784A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
carbohydrate
weight
dispersing
graphite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5041271A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP2586871B2 (ja
Inventor
Kenji Sakai
健次 酒井
Koichi Goto
孝一 後藤
Hitoshi Yokomizo
均 横溝
Kazuhiro Mitamura
一広 三田村
Toshinori Kawai
俊紀 川井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KYODO YUSHI KK
Kyodo Yushi Co Ltd
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
KYODO YUSHI KK
Kyodo Yushi Co Ltd
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KYODO YUSHI KK, Kyodo Yushi Co Ltd, Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical KYODO YUSHI KK
Priority to JP5041271A priority Critical patent/JP2586871B2/ja
Priority to US08/201,992 priority patent/US5460737A/en
Priority to ES94400428T priority patent/ES2138055T3/es
Priority to DE69420600T priority patent/DE69420600T2/de
Priority to EP94400428A priority patent/EP0613939B1/en
Publication of JPH06256784A publication Critical patent/JPH06256784A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2586871B2 publication Critical patent/JP2586871B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/40—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
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    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
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    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
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    • C10M125/06—Sulfur
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    • C10M125/10—Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
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    • C10M125/22—Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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    • C10M125/24—Compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/64—Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
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    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 潤滑性が要求される温間鍛造加工或いは熱間
鍛造、圧延、製管、引抜き、押し出し加工において、黒
鉛を含有せず均一付着性、潤滑性が良好で、作業環境を
汚染しない潤滑油を得る。 【構成】 炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体１０〜４
０重量％と被膜増強剤２〜２０重量％と分散剤０．１〜
２０重量％を基油中へ分散してなる。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は炭素鋼、合金鋼、非鉄金
属を温間鍛造加工並びに熱間鍛造、圧延、製管、引抜
き、押し出し加工する際、加工面に使用される潤滑油に
関するもので、黒鉛系潤滑油に代わって作業環境を改善
する事を目的として使用されるのに有用である。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】温間にて鍛造加工する際或いは熱間にて
鍛造、圧延、製管、引抜き、押し出し加工する際、加工
面に給油される潤滑油剤には黒鉛を油あるいは水中に分
散させたものが主に使用されている。油中分散のものは
潤滑性は良いが金型の冷却性に乏しい。水中分散のもの
は冷却性に優れるが潤滑性に劣る為加工条件により、使
い分けて使用されている。又、いずれの潤滑油剤とも外
観が黒色な為作業環境の汚れが問題となっている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、潤滑
性が要求される温間鍛造加工或いは熱間鍛造、圧延、製
管、引抜き、押し出し加工で、従来の黒鉛系油分散型潤
滑油のように作業環境を汚染することなく、黒鉛系油分
散型潤滑油と同等以上の潤滑性を有し工具の寿命延長が
可能な潤滑油を提供することにある。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは上記課題を
解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、炭水化物及び／又は
炭水化物誘導体と特定の被膜増強剤更に特定の分散剤を
基油中へ分散してなることを特徴とする非黒鉛系潤滑油
により、本発明の目的を達成出来ることを見出し本発明
に到達したものである。
【０００５】すなわち本発明は炭水化物及び／又は炭水
化物誘導体１０〜４０重量％と被膜増強剤２〜２０重量
％及び分散剤０．１〜２０重量％を基油中へ分散してな
ることを特徴とする。
【０００６】本発明は上記３成分が特定の比率で基油中
に含まれる時に初めて本発明の効果が認められるもので
あり、１成分でも欠けていたり、比率が逸脱していると
その効果は得られない。
【０００７】
【作用】本発明によると温間にて鍛造加工を行う際或い
は熱間にて鍛造、圧延、製管、引抜き、押し出し加工す
る際、潤滑条件が苛酷な温間鍛造について説明すれば金
型表面に黒鉛油中分散型潤滑油のような潤滑性及び熱安
定性を有し、金型内に堆積物が累積して生ずる、所謂欠
肉と言われているものを生じない潤滑被膜を形成し、し
かも作業環境の点より淡色な被膜とする為には、特定の
炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体と、被膜増強剤を特
定の割合にて混合したものを耐熱性のある基油中へ、特
定の分散剤にて分散させる事により得られる。
【０００８】本発明で上記３成分を添加する基油として
は潤滑性を有し常温にて液体であることはもとより加工
物（２００〜８００℃）に接しても燃え難いこと及び金
型表面（１５０〜５００℃）へ均一に付着する事が必要
である。例えば、引火点が２５０℃以上の精製鉱油、ポ
リα−オレフィン、ポリフェニルエーテル、高級脂肪酸
グリセリンエステル、高級脂肪酸トリメチロールプロパ
ンエステル、高級脂肪酸ペンタエリスリトールエステ
ル、ヒンダードコンプレックスエステル（商品名：ユニ
スターＣ−３３７３Ｈ，日本油脂（株）製）等及びこれ
らの混合物が挙げられるがこれに限定している訳ではな
い。
【０００９】本発明の第１番目の成分である炭水化物及
び／又は炭水化物誘導体としては化学構造の骨格が炭水
化物であり分子量が５，０００以上のものすべてを含
む。分子量は１２０，０００以上がより好ましい。特に
好ましいものとしては澱粉又はそれらの澱粉燐酸エステ
ル・アルカリ金属塩、木材繊維のセルロース又はセルロ
ース燐酸エステル・アルカリ金属塩、アルギン酸アルカ
リ金属塩等及びこれらの混合物が挙げられる。尚、アル
カリ金属はリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウムが好ましい
が経済性の点より特にナトリウムが適当である。
【００１０】炭水化物誘導体の温間鍛造加工時の作用機
構は定かではないが、黒鉛のような耐熱性とへき開性が
ない為単体では黒鉛の潤滑性より劣るものの、１０〜１
５０μｍの粒径を用いること及び本発明の第２番目の成
分である被膜増強剤と併用することにより、上記の加工
に必要な潤滑膜を均一で厚く形成出来、黒鉛と同等かそ
の以上の成形性を示すものと考える。ここで、成形性と
は加工物の形状寸法が規定通りに得られ、しかも金型寿
命も目標値以上になるような潤滑油の性能を意味する。
粒径としては１０〜１５０μｍが望ましい。市場にてこ
の範囲の粒径を得る場合、澱粉系は米、小麦、とうもろ
こし、タピオカ、馬鈴薯等から得た澱粉がこれに相当す
る。セルロース系はパルプ等を酸加水分解、濾過水洗、
脱水、乾燥、粉砕後に２００から４００メッシュの篩に
て篩別したものが適当である。１０μｍ未満では、形成
される潤滑被膜が薄く、黒鉛に比べ早く燃え尽きてしま
う為か、鍛造成形性がない。１５０μｍを超えると金型
へ給油する時にスプレー不良を生じ好ましくない。特に
好ましい粒径は平均粒径が２０〜５０μｍであり、金網
により篩分けする時は４００メッシュ（３７μｍ）通過
品が適当である。
【００１１】炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体の潤滑
油中への含有量は１０〜４０重量％とする。１０重量％
未満では鍛造成形性に劣り、４０重量％を超えると潤滑
油の流動性がなくなり給油する時にスプレー不良を生じ
る。尚、市販の炭水化物誘導体には水分を含有している
ものが多い。水分が多いと潤滑油自体の金型への付着性
を低下させるので好ましくない。しかし、潤滑油の燃焼
抑制の為、適度に水分を含有するのが効果的である。水
分は炭水化物誘導体に対し１〜７％が好ましい。
【００１２】本発明の第２番目の成分である被膜増強剤
とは、炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体と併用するこ
とにより炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体単体に比
べ、耐熱性、極圧潤滑性の優れた強靭な潤滑被膜を形成
し優れた鍛造成形性を発現させるものを言う。具体的に
はジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸、２−メルカプトベン
ゾチアゾール、イソプロピルキサントゲン酸、ジアルキ
ルジチオ燐酸の金属塩（金属が亜鉛、モリブデン、カル
シウム）、硫化ラード、硫黄、ジ・ターシャリードデシ
ルポリサルファイド、硫化錫、硫酸カルシウム、硫酸バ
リウム、ピロ燐酸錫、ピロ燐酸カルシウム、ヘキサメタ
燐酸カルシウム、縮合燐酸カリウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化モ
リブデン、炭酸亜鉛、炭酸カルシウム、モリブデン酸亜
鉛、モリブデン酸カルシウム等及びこれらの混合物が挙
げられる。好ましくはジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸、
ジアルキルジチオ燐酸、モリブデン酸、炭酸の亜鉛、モ
リブデン、カルシウム塩及び硫黄分が１５〜３０重量％
の硫化ラード、硫黄並びにこれらの混合物が挙げられ
る。尚、モリブデン酸塩について工業的には例えば酸
化亜鉛とモリブデン酸亜鉛や酸化カルシウムあるいは
炭酸カルシウムとモリブデン酸カルシウムとの混晶粒子
となっているような塩基性塩があり、これらも有効であ
る。
【００１３】被膜増強剤は単体では炭水化物及び／又は
炭水化物誘導体より成形性がない。炭水化物及び／又は
炭水化物誘導体と併用する事により成形性が向上する理
由は定かではないが、大別すると二つに分けられると考
える。有機化合物は所謂極圧剤あるいは耐摩耗剤として
の作用により、焼きつきの防止あるいは成形時の金型表
面温度の低下に寄与し金型の寿命延長が期待される。無
機化合物は炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体の燃焼温
度及び時間を黒鉛により近づけ、特に、鍛造加工の場合
は、成形時は無論のこと加工物を金型から離型する（ノ
ックアウト）時まで潤滑被膜を保持し、所謂強靭な潤滑
被膜の難燃効果あるいは断熱効果により金型表面の焼き
つきや軟化を防ぎ金型の寿命延長が期待されるのではな
いかと考える。尚、無機化合物は粒径が５μｍ以下であ
ると成形性の向上が顕著となる。０．５μｍ以下である
となお好ましい。有機化合物あるいは無機化合物を各々
単独で用いても被膜増強剤としての効果は期待されるが
有機化合物と無機化合物の併用は一層好ましい。被膜増
強剤の潤滑油中への含有量は２〜２０重量％とする。２
重量％未満では鍛造成形性の向上が顕著に認められず、
２０重量％を超えると潤滑油自体の圧送性及びスプレー
性に支障が生じる。炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体
に対する被膜増強剤の比率は２〜８：１が好ましい。
【００１４】本発明の第３番目の成分である分散剤とし
ては、耐熱性があり、炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導
体と被膜増強剤を基油中へ安定に分散させる他、金型に
対し均一な被膜を形成させるすべての界面活性剤を包含
する。代表例としてはナトリウム・スルフォネート、カ
ルシウム・スルフォネート、カルシウム・フェネート、
炭素数１２〜２２の直鎖あるいは分枝鎖モノカルボン酸
ソルビタントリエステル、炭素数１２〜２２の直鎖ある
いは分枝鎖モノカルボン酸蔗糖エステル、炭素数１２〜
２２の直鎖あるいは分枝鎖モノカルボン酸デキストリン
エステル、炭素数１２〜２２の直鎖あるいは分枝鎖モノ
カルボン酸セルロースエステル、炭素数１２〜２２の直
鎖あるいは分枝鎖モノカルボン酸澱粉エステル等及びこ
れらの混合物が挙げられるが、これに限定している訳で
はない。尚、スルフォネート及びフェネートは中性より
アルカリ価（ＴＢＮ）がＫＯＨ／ｍｇ換算で１０以上、
好ましくは２０〜４００が最良である。モノカルボン酸
は耐熱性の点より飽和脂肪酸が特に好ましく、炭素数は
１６〜１８個が最良である。分散剤の潤滑油中への含有
量は０．１〜２０重量％が好ましい。０．１重量％未満
では均一分散性が不足し２０重量％を超えては鍛造成形
性の不足や組成物の流動性不足が生じいずれも適当でな
い。
【００１５】本発明においては上記の成分以外に公知の
添加剤、例えば窒化硼素、セリサイト、滑石、燐酸亜
鉛、燐酸カリウム、燐酸水素カルシウム、燐酸水素リチ
ウム、硼酸、硼酸ナトリウム、珪酸ナトリウム、ステア
リン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、牛脂脂肪酸カ
ルシウム、イソフタル酸アルミニウム、トリメリット酸
カルシウム、等の粉体類及びポリメタクリレート、ポリ
イソブチレン等の付着向上剤並びに市販の酸化防止剤、
難燃剤を適宜併用して使用する事が出来る。
【００１６】本発明の潤滑油の製造方法は第１段階で基
油中へ分散剤を均一に溶解又は分散させる。分散剤が粉
体の時は最高温度１１０℃以下で加熱溶解又は分散させ
る。次に炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体と被膜増強
剤を徐々に添加しつつ混合攪拌してスラリー状の組成物
を得る。第２段階にて３本ロールあるいはモントンゴー
リン・ホモジナイザーを用いて均一分散を完了し製品が
得られる。尚、この方法は一例であり、これに限定する
ものではない。かようにして、得られた本発明の潤滑油
は原液の状態で金型へスプレー給油して使用する。
【００１７】
【実施例】次に本発明を実施例及び比較例により説明す
る。 実施例１ 表１に示す組成の成分を用い、以下に示す方法で実施例
１の潤滑油を製造した。基油である精製鉱油３３．０重
量部とペンタエリスリトール・Ｃ18F=1 ジエステル２
０．０重量部の中に分散剤であるセルロースステアリン
酸エステル２．０重量部を加え１００℃にて攪拌機を用
いて加熱攪拌し均一分散した後、カルシウムスルフォネ
ート５．０重量部を加え均一分散させた。次に残りの成
分である馬鈴薯澱粉リン酸エステルナトリウム３０．０
重量部とジブチルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデン１０．
０重量部を順次添加した後、全体をスラリー状にした。
このスラリーをモントンゴーリンホモジナイザーで３５
０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 にて２パスして実施例１の潤滑油を得
た。
【００１８】実施例２，３，５〜８，１０，１１ 表１に示す基油、炭水化物、被膜増強剤および分散剤を
表示する配合量で、実施例１に示す方法と同様に操作し
て実施例２，３，５〜８，１０および１１の潤滑油を得
た。
【００１９】実施例４ 基油である精製鉱油３０．０重量部とペンタエリスリト
ール・Ｃ18F=1 ジエステル１５．０重量部とユニスター
Ｃ−３３７３Ｈ ３０．０重量部の混合油中に分散剤で
あるカルシウムフェネート１０．０重量部を加え攪拌機
にて均一分散後、残りの成分であるタピオカ澱粉リン酸
エステルナトリウム１０．０重量部とジブチルジチオカ
ルバミン酸モリブデン５．０重量部を順次添加した後、
全体をスラリー状にした。このスラリーをモントンゴー
リンホモジナイザーで３５０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 にて２パス
して実施例４の潤滑油を得た。
【００２０】実施例９ 基油、炭水化物、被膜増強剤および分散剤として表１に
示すものを表示する配合量で用いた以外は実施例４の方
法に準じて実施例９の潤滑油を製造した。
【００２１】比較例１ 基油である精製鉱油２９．０重量部とペンタエリスリト
ール・Ｃ18F=1 ジエステル４０．０重量部の混合油中に
セルロース粉末２０．０重量部とモリブデン酸カルシウ
ム１０．０重量部と炭酸カルシウム１．０重量部を順次
添加した後、全体をスラリー状にした。このスラリーを
モントンゴーリンホモジナイザーで３５０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ
2 にて２パスして比較例１の潤滑油を得た。
【００２２】比較例２〜９ 実施例４の分散剤であるカルシウムフェネートをカルシ
ウムスルフォネートに置き換え、表２に示す配合成分を
用いて実施例４と同様の方法で比較例２〜９の潤滑油を
得た。
【００２３】上記実施例１〜１１および比較例１〜９で
得た潤滑油の試料及び更に比較の為、市販黒鉛油中分散
型潤滑油（比較例１０）及び市販黒鉛水中分散型潤滑油
（比較例１１）の試料につき、次に示す試験法により性
能試験を行い、得た結果を表１及び表２に併記する。
【００２４】性能試験による確認 １．成形性：実験室（ＳＲＶ試験） Schwingungs Reib und Verschieiss Tester を用いて鍛
造成形性のスクリーニング試験を行う。実機により近づ
ける為、下記の条件にて運転し、摩擦係数を求める。 （試験条件） 試験片 ボール（ＳＵＪ−２：金型想定）、シリ
ンダー（Ｓ４５Ｃ：加工物想定） 荷重 １００Ｎ（ヘルツ圧２２２ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ
2 ） すべり速度 ２４０ｍｍ／ｓｅｃ 温度 ７５０℃ 時間 １０ｓｅｃ （評 価）実機との対応で、摩擦係数＝０．１０以下で
あること。
【００２５】２．成形性：実験室（後方押し出し試験） 小型鍛造機を用い、下記条件にて鍛造し、加工時の荷重
（トン）と加工物の底厚（ｍｍ）の関係から鍛造成形性
を判断する。荷重及び加工物の底厚共、小さい値の方が
好ましい。 （試験条件） 鍛造機 １６０トン・メカニカルプレス 試験片 Ｓ４５Ｃ（直径３０ｍｍ、厚さ１６ｍ
ｍ、温度７００℃） 速度 ３２．５ｍｍ／ｓｅｃ 減面率 ７０％（パンチ直径２５ｍｍ） 底厚設定 実施例１０の試料で加工後の底厚が３．
３０ｍｍになるようにする。 （評 価）実機との対応で、底厚３．３２ｍｍ以下、荷
重７５トン以下であること。
【００２６】３．成形性：実機試験 等速ジョイントの部品について１〜３工程まで前方押し
出し、４工程では後方押し出し温間加工をしている。成
形性の評価としては加工後の部品が規定の寸法内にある
ことと金型寿命を見る。 （評 価） ○：規定寸法の部品が得られ、金型寿命
も実施例１０の試料と同等かそれ以上である。 □：規定寸法の部品が得られるが、金型寿命は実施例１
０の試料の８０％である。 △：規定寸法の部品は得られたが、金型寿命が８０％未
満である。 ×：規定寸法の部品が得られなかった。
【００２７】４．スプレー性：実機試験 プランジャーポンプにて１００〜２００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2
の圧力にてエアレススプレーした時に規定の流量が得ら
れる他、スプレー角度が確保出来ているか否かを確認す
る。 （評 価） ○：規定の流量が得られ、スプレー角度
が確保出来た。 ×：ノズル詰まり等で規定の流量が確保出来ない。
【００２８】５．ダイセットの汚れ：実機試験 余分に供給された試料がダイセット上へ黒色（特に黒鉛
含有油）に付着したり、試料が重合して流動性を失いヘ
ラにて除去しようとしても取れない等作業環境を汚染す
るか否かを観察する。 （評 価） ○：作業環境を汚染しない。 ×：ダイセット上が黒く汚れたり、重合膜を形成する。
【００２９】６．消火性：実機試験 金型へ給油した試料は金型内へ加工物が置かれた時に引
火し燃焼する場合がある。但し、圧縮空気を用いて速や
かに炎を消している。ここでは引火しても速やかに消え
るか否かを見る。 （評 価） ○：引火し燃焼しても、すぐ消える。 ×：引火し燃焼後、圧縮空気でも消えない。
【００３０】７．総合評価 スプレー性、成形性、ダイセットの汚れ、消火性の４項
目とも「○」であることが温間鍛造加工用潤滑油として
必要である。
【００３１】
【表１】
【００３２】
【表２】
【００３３】
【発明の効果】以上説明してきたように本発明の潤滑油
は、特定の炭水化物誘導体と、被膜増強剤と、分散剤を
特定な比率で基油中へ分散させることにより表１及び表
２からも明らかなように比較例１〜１１と比べ、黒鉛等
の黒色成分を使用していないので作業環境を改善し、鍛
造成形性及びその他の性能は市販黒鉛油中分散型潤滑油
（比較例１０）と同等かそれ以上である事が示されてい
る。従って、ここに本発明の潤滑油は黒鉛系温間鍛造用
潤滑油に代わって作業環境を改善した潤滑油である事が
確認された。また熱間鍛造、圧延、製管、引抜き、押出
し加工に黒鉛系潤滑油に代わって本発明の潤滑油を使用
することにより作業環境が改善され、優れた潤滑性が得
られるものである。
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ１０Ｍ 135:18 137:10 Ａ 9159−4Ｈ 125:10 125:22 135:06） Ｃ１０Ｎ 10:02 10:04 10:12 20:06 Ｚ 8217−4Ｈ 30:00 Ｚ 8217−4Ｈ 30:04 30:06 40:24 Ｚ 8217−4Ｈ Ａ 8217−4Ｈ (72)発明者 横溝 均 神奈川県藤沢市辻堂神台１の４の１ 協同 油脂株式会社辻堂工場内 (72)発明者 三田村 一広 神奈川県横浜市神奈川区宝町２番地 日産 自動車株式会社内 (72)発明者 川井 俊紀 神奈川県横浜市神奈川区宝町２番地 日産 自動車株式会社内

Claims (5)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体１０
    〜４０重量％と被膜増強剤２〜２０重量％と分散剤０．
    １〜２０重量％を基油中へ分散してなることを特徴とす
    る非黒鉛系潤滑油。
  2. 【請求項２】 前記炭水化物が米、小麦、とうもろこ
    し、タピオカ、馬鈴薯から得た澱粉又はそれらの誘導体
    である澱粉燐酸エステル・アルカリ金属塩、木材繊維の
    セルロース又はセルロース燐酸エステル・アルカリ金属
    塩またはこれらの混合物からなることを特徴とする請求
    項１記載の非黒鉛系潤滑油。
  3. 【請求項３】 前記被膜増強剤がジアルキルジチオカル
    バミン酸、ジアルキルジチオ燐酸、モリブデン酸、炭酸
    の亜鉛、モリブデン、カルシウム塩及び硫黄分が１５〜
    ３０重量％の硫化ラード、硫黄またはこれらの混合物か
    らなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の非黒鉛系潤滑
    油。
  4. 【請求項４】 前記分散剤がカルシウム・スルフォネー
    ト、カルシウム・フェネート、炭素数１２〜２２の直鎖
    あるいは分枝鎖モノカルボン酸蔗糖エステル、炭素数１
    ２〜２２の直鎖あるいは分枝鎖モノカルボン酸デキスト
    リンエステル、炭素数１２〜２２の直鎖あるいは分枝鎖
    モノカルボン酸セルロースエステル、炭素数１２〜２２
    の直鎖あるいは分枝鎖モノカルボン酸澱粉エステルまた
    はこれらの混合物からなることを特徴とする請求項１記
    載の非黒鉛系潤滑油。
  5. 【請求項５】 前記炭水化物及び／又は炭水化物誘導体
    の粒径が１０〜１５０μｍであることを特徴とする請求
    項１記載の非黒鉛系潤滑油。
JP5041271A 1993-03-02 1993-03-02 油中分散型非黒鉛系潤滑油 Expired - Fee Related JP2586871B2 (ja)

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US08/201,992 US5460737A (en) 1993-03-02 1994-02-25 Graphite-free lubricating oil
ES94400428T ES2138055T3 (es) 1993-03-02 1994-03-01 Aceite lubricante libre de grafito.
DE69420600T DE69420600T2 (de) 1993-03-02 1994-03-01 Graphitfreies Schmieröl
EP94400428A EP0613939B1 (en) 1993-03-02 1994-03-01 Graphite-free lubricating oil

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WO2005095563A1 (ja) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. 塑性加工用潤滑剤組成物
WO2006068270A1 (ja) 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. 冷間塑性加工用潤滑剤組成物及びそれを用いた冷間塑性加工方法
JP2006265510A (ja) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Nippon Sangyo Kagaku Kenkyusho 減摩用潤滑剤
JP2007177064A (ja) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-12 Ntn Corp 潤滑油組成物およびその製造方法
JP2009024049A (ja) * 2007-07-18 2009-02-05 Sumikou Junkatsuzai Kk 油系温・熱間鍛造用潤滑剤
JP2011057914A (ja) * 2009-09-14 2011-03-24 Nsk Ltd 潤滑グリース組成物及びそれを封入した転がり軸受
WO2012118098A1 (ja) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-07 協同油脂株式会社 潤滑油組成物
JP2017062401A (ja) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 富士ゼロックス株式会社 電子写真感光体用円筒状部材、電子写真感光体、画像形成装置、プロセスカートリッジ、及び電子写真感光体用円筒状部材の製造方法
JP2017516908A (ja) * 2014-05-22 2017-06-22 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ β−グルカンを含有する潤滑剤組成物

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WO2005095563A1 (ja) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. 塑性加工用潤滑剤組成物
WO2006068270A1 (ja) 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. 冷間塑性加工用潤滑剤組成物及びそれを用いた冷間塑性加工方法
JP2006265510A (ja) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Nippon Sangyo Kagaku Kenkyusho 減摩用潤滑剤
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JP2007177064A (ja) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-12 Ntn Corp 潤滑油組成物およびその製造方法
JP2009024049A (ja) * 2007-07-18 2009-02-05 Sumikou Junkatsuzai Kk 油系温・熱間鍛造用潤滑剤
JP2011057914A (ja) * 2009-09-14 2011-03-24 Nsk Ltd 潤滑グリース組成物及びそれを封入した転がり軸受
WO2012118098A1 (ja) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-07 協同油脂株式会社 潤滑油組成物
JP2017516908A (ja) * 2014-05-22 2017-06-22 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ β−グルカンを含有する潤滑剤組成物
JP2017062401A (ja) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 富士ゼロックス株式会社 電子写真感光体用円筒状部材、電子写真感光体、画像形成装置、プロセスカートリッジ、及び電子写真感光体用円筒状部材の製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5460737A (en) 1995-10-24
EP0613939A3 (en) 1994-09-14
JP2586871B2 (ja) 1997-03-05
DE69420600D1 (de) 1999-10-21
DE69420600T2 (de) 2000-03-16
EP0613939B1 (en) 1999-09-15
ES2138055T3 (es) 2000-01-01
EP0613939A2 (en) 1994-09-07

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