JPH06125643A - Alginic acid oligosaccharide adsorbed to carrier and culture soil for raising seedling of paddy rice plant and horticultural plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject adsorbed product effective for promoting the formation of a seedling mat and a root ball, having excellent root-taking performance and useful in agricultural field, etc., by adsorbing an alginic acid oligosaccharide to charcoal. CONSTITUTION:This adsorbed product is produced by adsorbing (A) 0.001-10 pts.wt. of an alginic acid oligosaccharide to (B) 100 pts.wt. of charcoal such as active carbon. A culture soil for raising seedlings of paddy rice plant and horticultural plant can be produced by mixing 0.01-10 pts.wt. of the adsorbed product to 100 pts.wt. of soil.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorbed product of an alginic acid oligosaccharide carrier prepared by adsorbing alginic acid oligosaccharide on charcoal, and paddy rice and horticultural nursery soil prepared by adding and mixing it.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is an important issue in agricultural production to promote the growth of agricultural products, increase the yield per unit area, and increase the number of crops to increase the yield of agricultural products. Is. Various proposals have been made for this problem from the past, and a certain result has been obtained with a certain type of agricultural crop, but in general, it has not been sufficiently solved yet.

The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to solve these problems and found that oligosaccharides obtained by decomposing alginic acid have a plant growth promoting action (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-101302). Further, a method for producing this alginic acid oligosaccharide with high plant growth promoting activity and industrially efficient production was found (JP-A-63-2).
14192).

[0004] In response to the problems of a decrease in farming staff and aging in recent years, improvements have been made from the standpoint of mechanization of agricultural work and division of labor in work processes, such as cell molding seedlings for vegetables and paddy rice seedlings. The cultivation technology has been improved. Above all, technological improvement of seedling cultivation soil has been energetically carried out, and the rooting strength of seedlings is enhanced by adding physical property improving materials such as rock wool and peat moss, improving soil physical properties, and improving fertilizer components and concentrations, and transplanting. Technical improvements have been implemented to raise seedlings that have suitable mechanical suitability for planting with a machine.
However, even with such improvement, the effect is not sufficient, and the development of more effective technology is still required.

Furthermore, the second problem of improving the seedling cultivation soil is to simultaneously improve the rooting strength and the seedling viability after planting. Taking rice as an example, improvement in rooting strength does not necessarily lead to improvement in seedling viability, but conversely, it is also recognized that viability is reduced. Generally, roots in seedling boxes are stressed by dense planting, and this stress increases as the rooting strength increases, and in some cases the root discs that are essential for the development of new roots deteriorate. Is delayed and the viability is deteriorated.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that alginic acid oligosaccharides (hereinafter abbreviated as AO) may be added to charcoal such as activated carbon. The adsorbed AO carrier adsorbent has superior plant growth promoting activity, and the addition of these AO carrier adsorbents to paddy rice and horticultural nursery soil to form seedling mats and root pots. The present invention has been completed by finding that the improvement of seedlings and the survival of seedlings after planting are simultaneously achieved.

That is, the present invention relates to an AO carrier adsorbate obtained by adsorbing AO on charcoal and a paddy rice and a horticultural nursery soil for admixing the AO carrier adsorbate.

In the present invention, the alginic acid oligosaccharide means an alginic acid, sodium alginate or algae such as kelp containing alginic acid or a polysaccharide derived from a microorganism, which is decomposed by an enzyme such as alginate lyase or an acid such as hydrochloric acid. An oligosaccharide composition obtained by hydrolysis, specifically, (a) an oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20 and composed of only guluronic acid, (b) an oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20 and only mannuronic acid The oligosaccharide composed of and (c) the degree of polymerization is 2 to
The oligosaccharide obtained by degrading alginic acid comprising a mixture of oligosaccharides composed of guluronic acid and mannuronic acid at 20 or the oligosaccharides has a pH of 1 to 9, preferably 1 to
3, temperature 60-130 ℃, preferably 100-130 ℃
It means a product obtained by heat treatment for 15 to 180 minutes under the condition of. For more information on this alginate oligosaccharide,
JP-A-63-101302 and JP-A-63-21
4192.

Next, as the charcoal used in the present invention,
Examples thereof include bark charcoal, charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, rice husk smoked charcoal, and activated carbon thereof, and activated charcoal is particularly preferable.

The AO carrier adsorbate is produced by directly spraying or mixing a 0.5 to 20% aqueous solution of AO on charcoal.
If necessary, it is performed by drying at 30 to 80 ° C. The amount of AO adsorbed on the charcoal is, for example, activated carbon, 0.001 to 100 parts by weight of activated carbon.
It is 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight. Here, as the activated carbon, activated carbon having various particle sizes such as powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon can be used.

The thus-obtained AO carrier adsorbate is directly mixed with commercially available paddy rice and horticultural nursery soil, or is mixed with soil, fertilizer, etc. in advance at the time of producing these soils, and the mixture is prepared by a conventional method. It can also be manufactured and used as a granular soil. To give an example of paddy rice and nursery soil for gardening, any type of soil can be used as long as it has no pathogenic bacteria. Preferable soils are alluvial soils, diluvial soils, volcanic ash soils, and mixed soils of these soils, and if necessary, physical property improving materials, fertilizers and the like can be appropriately mixed. The material for improving physical properties is a material for improving the chemical and physical properties of the mixture, and specifically, clay minerals, pumice, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite, rock wool, manure, mulch, peat, humic acid, bark compost. , Mix one or more selected from drainage, peat moss and polymer improver with soil.

Next, with respect to the fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium necessary for the growth of agricultural products are appropriately combined and mixed.
The amount of chisso, phosphoric acid, and potassium varies depending on the type of crop and the time of raising seedlings, so adjust the pH appropriately (pH for paddy rice 4.5 to 5.5, pH for gardening 5.8 to 7.0). .

The amount of the AO carrier adsorbate added may be 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the soil. By using the AO carrier adsorbate thus obtained and the medium containing the carrier adsorbate, good growth of paddy rice, vegetables, flowers, etc., excellent formation of seedling mats and root pots, and high-quality seedlings with strong vigor Can be produced.

[0014]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 As the activated carbon, commercially available palm shell charcoal was used, and palm shell charcoal 100 was used.
100 parts by volume of a 1% AO aqueous solution was mixed in a solution state with respect to parts by weight. By vacuum drying this at 40 ° C. for 24 hours, an AO carrier adsorbate containing 1 part by weight of AO was obtained with respect to 100 parts by weight of charcoal.

Example 2 100 parts by weight of bark charcoal was mixed with 100 parts by volume of a 2% AO aqueous solution in a solution state, and other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and 2 parts by weight of AO was added to 100 parts by weight of charcoal. A part of the AO carrier adsorbed product was obtained.

Example 3 100 parts by weight of commercially available rice seedling raising soil (powder granules),
1 part by weight of the AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Example 1 was uniformly mixed to obtain a seedling-raising soil for paddy rice.

Example 4 0.5 part by weight of the AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Example 2 was uniformly mixed with 100 parts by weight of a commercially available cell-forming seedling-growing seedling cultivation soil to obtain a cell-molding seedling-growing seedling cultivation soil. .

Example 5 Japanese fine seedlings were cultivated using the paddy rice nursery soil prepared in Example 3, and the rooting strength of the seedling mat after 7 days of cultivation was examined. Further, the seedlings were transplanted to a Wagner pot and the growth was compared two weeks later. That is, a nursery box (28 x 58
X 3 cm) with 2.8 kg of floor soil, 300 g of germinated paddy and 1.2 kg of soil cover.
Then, rice seedlings at 2.2 leaf stage were obtained by a conventional method. A mat with a width of 8.5 cm and a length of 17.5 cm was cut out from this seedling box, the above-ground portion was cut, and the breaking strength (root strength) was measured with a tensile tester (manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.). The experimental plots are as follows. Control group: AO carrier adsorbate was not added. AO-free zone: Coconut shell charcoal used as a raw material in Example 1 (however, without AO added) was added. AO addition section: AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Example 1 was added. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0019]

[Table 1] Table 1 Effect of AO carrier adsorbent on rooting strength of paddy rice seedlings ─────────────────────────── Strength (kg) ─────────────────────────── Control group 1.16 (100) AO-free group 1.65 (142) AO Addition section 1.82 (156) ─────────────────────────── Note) The values in parentheses are based on the control section being 100. index

As shown in Table 1, the rooting strength was improved in both the AO-free area and the AO-added area, and particularly in the AO-added area. Next, this seedling was placed in a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot for 3 times.
This plant / strain × 3 strains (9 strains in total) were transplanted and cultivated for 14 days under illumination of water temperature of 20 ° C. for 12 hours (40,000 lux), and the rooting amount and foliage weight of each plant were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0021]

[Table 2] Table 2 Effect of AO carrier adsorbate on rooting amount and foliage weight ────────────────────────────── ───── Experimental section Root dry weight (mg / piece) Stem and leaf dry weight (mg / piece) ─────────────────────────── ──────── Control group 266 (100) 476 (100) AO-free group 238 (89) 390 (82) AO-added group 303 (114) 500 (105) ────────── ───────────────────────── Note) Figures in parentheses are indices when the control plot is 100.

As shown in Table 2, it is recognized that the AO-added section promotes the growth of roots and foliage, and at the same time prevents rooting of seedlings after planting, which is accompanied by improvement of rooting strength. Was given.

Example 6 Chinese cabbage was cultivated using the seedling-raising soil for cell-molded seedlings prepared in Example 4, and root-pot formation was compared in terms of rooting strength. That is, a styrene tray with 11 × 18 holes (total of 198 holes) was used as a cell molding pot, seeds of 2 grains / hole were seeded, and thinned to make one. Cultivation was carried out for 14 days to obtain seedlings having a leaf age of 2.5. The rooting strength of this seedling was measured with the same device as in Example 5. The experimental plots are as follows. Control group: AO carrier adsorbate was not added. AO-free area: The bark charcoal used as a raw material in Example 2 (however, without AO added) was added. AO addition section: AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Example 2 was added. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0024]

[Table 3] Table 3 Effect of AO carrier adsorbate on seedling root strength of Chinese cabbage molding ────────────────────────────── ── Experimental section Rooting strength (g) ─────────────────────────────── Control section 332 (100) AO-free Ward 346 (104) AO added Ward 412 (124) ──────────────────────────────── Note) Figures in parentheses Index when the control area is 100

As shown in Table 3, a remarkable improvement in rooting strength was observed in the AO-added area.

Example 7 Volcanic ash soil, peat moss and vermiculite as materials for improving physical properties, and ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, Dublin, as fertilizers,
Culture soil was prepared by appropriately mixing potassium sulfate and calcium carbonate. Further, the AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Example 1 was added to this culture soil at a rate of 0%, 1%, 2.5% or 5%, respectively, to prepare a horticultural nursery soil. The physicochemical properties of the thus-prepared horticultural nursery soil have a water content of 26.8.
%, PH 7.0, temporary specific gravity 0.59, total porosity 81.4%, gas phase rate 25.7%, effective water content 30.8%. The thus-prepared seedling-raising soil was filled in a glowing tray (Daiichi Horticultural Sales), seeds of cabbage and lettuce were sown, and seedlings were raised in a glass chamber. As a result of the seedling examination, as shown in Table 4, growth promotion was clearly recognized in the above-ground portion and the underground portion of the AO carrier adsorbate-added group (control section), compared to the AO carrier adsorbate-free section (control group).

[0027]

[Table 4]

[0028]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention relates to an AO carrier adsorbate obtained by adsorbing AO on charcoal such as activated carbon, and to paddy rice and horticultural nursery soil obtained by mixing the AO carrier adsorbate and the soil. According to the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously achieve improvement of seedling mat formation and root pot formation in crop raising seedlings, and improvement of seedling viability after planting, which is extremely beneficial to farmers. Is.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Yasumura 5-3-1 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama Prefecture Meiji Seika Co., Ltd., Institute for Biological Sciences (72) Nao Sato 122-1, Iwai-cho, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Queen Heights Hodogaya 602 (72) Inventor Shin Kobayashi 70-1 Tamura, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa Kenzo Hiratsuka Dormitory No. 305 (72) Inventor, Fumiei Yamada 332-3, Utegayama, Niigata, Niigata Inventor Hideo Yoshihara Ichikawa, Chiba 2-7-4 Miyakubo

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An alginate oligosaccharide carrier-adsorbed product obtained by adsorbing alginate oligosaccharide on carbon. 2. The alginate oligosaccharide carrier-adsorbed material according to claim 1, wherein the charcoal is activated carbon. 3. The adsorbed product of an alginic acid oligosaccharide carrier according to claim 1, wherein 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of alginic acid oligosaccharide is adsorbed on 100 parts by weight of carbon. 4. A paddy rice and horticultural nursery soil, which comprises mixing the alginate oligosaccharide carrier adsorbate according to claim 1 with the soil. 5. The paddy rice and horticultural nursery soil according to claim 4, wherein 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of the alginate oligosaccharide carrier adsorbate according to claim 1 is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the soil.