JPH0984451A - Powdery granular artificial culture soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject culture soil causing no deterioration of its physical properties such as water content without impairing its characteristics, capable of improving germination rate in raising seedling, excellent in plant growing ability, thus useful for field crop, etc., comprising each specific culture soil as the main component and inorganic fertilizer salt at a specified proportion. SOLUTION: This artificial culture soil comprises (A) 99.0-99.9wt.% of culture soil as the main component composed of (i) 5-45wt.% of at least one kind of soil modifier of animal/vegetable nature free from any harmful germ or toxic matter and selected from peat, peat moss and charcoal and (ii) 55-95wt.% of a mineral soil modifier containing at least zeolite as the main ingredient and (B) 0.1-1.0wt.% of an inorganic fertilizer salt containing e.g. 1×10<-4> to 1×10<-2> wt.% of a minute amount of boron. It is preferable that the culture soil as the main component (A) comprise 50-90wt.% of zeolite, 5-35wt.% of peat and 1-20wt.% of at least one kind selected from vermiculite and pearlite.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a granular artificial soil. The granular artificial soil of the present invention is a fruit vegetable,
It is useful as a soil for agricultural crops such as leaf vegetables and root vegetables, horticultural crops, flowers, turf, etc., for planters, open fields, gardens, as well as for commercial use by farmers and companies such as greenhouse cultivation, tunnel cultivation, sand cultivation. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Artificial soil is prepared by mixing raw soil, organic material, soil improving material and fertilizer, and granulating with a granulator to mix raw soil, organic material, fertilizer, etc. There are two types of powder and grain mixed type that uses a lot of organic materials.

[0003] The granular type artificial soil is sterilized by blasting the raw soil and hot air twice after the granulation, while the powder-grain type artificial soil is mixed with hot air after mixing. Since it cannot be dried and sterilized, when using animal and plant improving materials containing harmful fungi and harmful substances such as compost such as bark compost and root-knot fungi such as mulch,
Each has the drawback that it has to take complicated measures such as heat sterilization and disinfection.

Therefore, the powdery and granular type artificial soil is not subjected to treatment such as heat sterilization or disinfection without using the animal and plant improving material which requires such treatment, thus saving labor and improving economy and safety. If priority is given to the artificial soil, the physical properties of the artificial soil (such as water content) will deteriorate and the trace elements will be deficient, which will inevitably lead to a decline in the original function of the artificial soil such as insufficient seedlings. .

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional artificial powdery granular soils, and does not impair the characteristics of the soils and causes deterioration of physical properties such as water content. First, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a powdery granular artificial soil excellent in the viability of crops.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to develop the above-mentioned powdery granular artificial soil having good characteristics, and as a result, did not perform complicated treatments such as heat sterilization and disinfection. Even a mixture of a specific animal and plant soil improving material and a mineral soil improving material and fertilizer salts that can be used as an artificial cultivation soil material was found to be suitable for that purpose, and the present invention was made based on this finding. .

[0007] That is, the present invention is mainly based on a soil medium consisting of 5 to 45% by weight of an animal and plant soil improving material containing no harmful bacteria or harmful substances and 55 to 95% by weight of a mineral soil improving material containing at least zeolite as a main component. 99.0 to 99.
Mineral fertilizer salts containing 9% by weight and trace amount of boron 0.1
The present invention provides a powdery granular artificial soil characterized by comprising: ~ 1.0% by weight.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The animal and plant soil improving material used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it does not contain harmful fungi or harmful substances, and examples thereof include peat, grass peat, charcoal, Examples thereof include coconut fiber, banana fiber, and a mixture thereof, and peat having excellent water retention and fertilizing power is particularly preferable. Examples of this charcoal include charcoal and activated charcoal.

[0009] Peat and grass charcoal are excellent in water retention and fertilizing power, and there is no particular limitation, but it is preferable that the content of impurities is small and the water content is constant. Further, since peat exhibits water-repellent properties, a small amount of surfactant or polymer absorbent having a water-repellent effect, for example 1 to 5000 per peat.
It is preferable to add ppm.

The coconut fiber and the banana fiber are excellent in air permeability, and there is no particular limitation, but those having a low bulk specific gravity and less impurities are preferable.

The mineral soil improving material contains at least zeolite as a main component. Zeolite has a large cation exchange capacity and is porous, so it has excellent fertilizing ability, suppresses the washout of fertilizer elements due to rainwater, etc., and has water permeability as well as water permeability, breathability, for root growth and rooting. It is suitable, and natural zeolite is preferably used.

Further advantageously, it is preferable to use a granular material and a powdery material in combination. In particular, natural zeolite has a small amount of clay content, and since this clay content is more contained in the powdery material,
Caking property can be added to the soil by using powdered zeolite.

The mineral soil amendment material is not only made of zeolite alone, but it is mainly composed of zeolite, and other mineral soil amendment materials can be used together. Examples of such other materials include pearlite, vermiculite, slag such as converter slag, and among others, vermiculite is preferable.

Vermiculite is excellent in breathability and water permeability, and has an effect of promoting living weight in the underground such as roots. Although there is no particular limitation, it is preferable that vermiculite has a small bulk specific gravity and a uniform particle size. preferable.

Perlite is excellent in air permeability, and although it is not particularly limited, it is preferable that pearlite has a small bulk specific gravity, uniform particle size, and less impurities mixed therein.

In the main constituent of the soil of the present invention, 50% of zeolite is used.
˜90 wt%, especially 70 to 90 wt%. If this content is less than 50% by weight, the cation exchange capacity will decrease, leading to poor growth of seedlings due to fertilizer runoff, and if it exceeds 90% by weight, the balance of water retention and water permeability will deteriorate.

In the main soil of the present invention, it is preferable to further mix peat with one or both of vermiculite and perlite. The mixing ratio of peat is preferably 5 to 35% by weight, more preferably 5%, with respect to the total amount of soil.
-30% by weight, preferably 10-20% by weight. If this blending amount is less than 5% by weight, the water retention will decrease, and p
If H is high, and if it exceeds 35% by weight, water permeability is lowered and pH is lowered.

Further, the compounding ratio of one or both of vermiculite and perlite is 1 to 2 with respect to the total amount of the cultivation soil.
It is preferably 0% by weight, particularly 5 to 20% by weight, particularly 10 to 20% by weight. If the content is less than 1% by weight, the bulk specific gravity becomes large and the water permeability decreases, and if it exceeds 20% by weight, the bulk specific gravity becomes too light. When perlite is added, the ratio is 0.
It is preferably 5 to 15% by weight, and more preferably 1 to 10% by weight. If this proportion is less than 0.5% by weight, the water permeability will decrease, and if it exceeds 15% by weight, the pH will increase.

Among such suitable soils, those containing 50 to 80% by weight of zeolite, 10 to 35% by weight of peat, and 10 to 20% by weight of vermiculite are particularly preferable.

Further, the main constituent of the soil of the present invention is 10 to 40% by weight of animal and vegetable soil improving materials, and 20 to 40% by weight among them.
And 60 to 90% by weight of mineral soil improving material, especially 60
What is comprised from -80 weight% is preferable. If the amount of the material for improving soil of animals and plants is too small, the water retention property is deteriorated, and if it is too large, the air permeability and water permeability are deteriorated, and the pH tends to be too low.

The inorganic fertilizer salts used in the present invention include inorganic salts containing a trace amount of boron, such as borax, boric acid fertilizer, and molten boric acid fertilizer, as well as fertilizer elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. An inorganic fertilizer salt containing is used. Examples of the inorganic fertilizer salts include ammonium chloride, urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, lime superphosphate and the like.

The mixing ratio of the inorganic fertilizer salt used in the present invention is selected in the range of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight based on the total amount of the soil of the present invention. If this ratio is too large, the EC tends to be high, and if the nitrate nitrogen increases, the seedlings tend to grow and the crop growth tends to decline.

In the soil of the present invention, by adding boron to the inorganic fertilizer salt, it is possible to increase the fresh weight of the crop. The content ratio of boron is 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ to 1 × 10 ⁻² % by weight, that is, 0.0 with respect to the total amount of the soil of the present invention.
It is preferably in the range of 01 to 0.1 g / kg.

[0024]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The powdery and granular artificial soil of the present invention does not impair the characteristics as soil, does not cause deterioration of physical properties such as water content, increases the germination rate during seedling raising, and is excellent in crop viability. In addition, it has a remarkable effect that a high yield can be obtained.

[0025]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.

Example 1 30 kg of peat was mixed with 70 kg of zeolitic stone, 0.2 kg of ammonium phosphate, 0.1 kg of magnesium nitrate, 0.1 kg of potassium nitrate and 0.01 kg of borax to obtain a granular artificial soil.

Example 2 20 kg of peat and 10 kg of charcoal were mixed with 60 kg of zeolitic stone, 10 kg of vermiculite, 0.2 kg of ammonium phosphate, 0.1 kg of magnesium nitrate, 0.1 kg of potassium nitrate and 0.01 kg of borax to form a powder-granular artificial mixture. I got the soil.

Example 3 10 kg of peat, 70 kg of boiling stone, and 20 of vermiculite
kg, ammonium phosphate 0.2 kg, magnesium nitrate 0.1 kg and potassium nitrate 0.1 kg and high boron (B-24 No. powder) (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Ferro Co.).
008 kg was mixed to obtain a powdery granular artificial soil.

Example 4 35 kg of peat and 5 kg of charcoal, 50 kg of boiling stone, 10 kg of vermiculite, 0.2 kg of ammonium phosphate, 0.1 kg of magnesium nitrate, 0.1 kg of potassium nitrate and high boron (B-24 powder) (trade name) 0.05 kg (manufactured by Nippon Ferro Co., Ltd.) was mixed to obtain a granular artificial soil.

Table 1 shows the results of measuring the characteristics of the artificial soil, the commercially available granular soil A and the commercially available powdery soil B.

[0031]

[Table 1]

Note) Commercial granular soil A: Kureha gardening soil (product name: Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Commercial granular soil B: Yosaku VI (product name: Chisso Asahi Fertilizer)

From these results, the artificial soil of the present invention was a powder-granular artificial soil, but showed a water content close to that of the commercial granular soil A and a bulk specific gravity value similar to that of the commercial granular soil B.

A 128-well plug tray (cell capacity: 29 ml) was filled with these artificial soils, and the seeds of cabbage seeds 128 were filled.
Grains were sown and grown in a glass greenhouse for 21 days. The degree of growth was examined by determining the germination rate after the growth and measuring the living weights of the underground part (root part) and the above-ground part. Table 2 shows the results.

[0035]

[Table 2]

From these results, the powdered and granular artificial soil of the present invention does not have the animal and plant soil amendment material containing fertilizer elements such as compost and humus, but has such material. It can be seen that, compared with the artificial soil of Comparative Example, the germination rate is excellent, the growth rate is far superior, and high yield is obtained.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A material for improving soil of animals and plants which does not contain harmful bacteria or harmful substances 5 to 45% by weight, and a material for improving soil of mineral matter containing at least zeolite as a main component 55 to 95% by weight.
The artificial soil consisting mainly of 99.0 to 99.9% by weight and 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of inorganic fertilizer salts containing a trace amount of boron. 2. The powdery and granular artificial soil according to claim 1, wherein the animal and plant soil improving material is at least one selected from peat, grass charcoal and charcoal. 3. The powdery granular artificial soil according to claim 1, wherein the mineral soil improving material comprises zeolite and at least one selected from perlite, vermiculite and slag. 4. The main soil material contains 50 to 90% by weight of zeolite, 5 to 35% by weight of peat, and 1 to 20% by weight of at least one selected from vermiculite and perlite. The granular granular cultivating soil described in 3. 5. A soil-based material for improving animal and plant soil 10 to 10
The powdery granular artificial soil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising 40% by weight and 60 to 90% by weight of a mineral soil improving material. 6. Boron in an amount of 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ to 1 × 10 ⁻² % by weight
The granular granular artificial soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is contained.