JP3148077B2 - Fertilizer accelerating fertilizer and method for improving fertilizer efficiency using the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a fertilizer composition and a fertilizer.
Relates to a method of improving the utilization rate, details crops, turf,
Other fertilizers added with alginate oligosaccharides for planting
Of fertilizer can be improved by applying fertilizer, and it is possible to increase the yield of crops and reduce the input of fertilizer
The present invention relates to a fertilizer composition and a method for improving the utilization rate of a fertilizer .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the cultivation of agricultural crops, it is essential to apply fertilizers in order to secure normal and vigorous growth. However, in order to increase the yield per unit area, it is currently applied more than an appropriate application rate so that sufficient growth is required. If this state is continued, there may be a problem that salt damage due to accumulation of salts in the field and that runoff fertilizer components contaminate rivers and groundwater. As materials added to fertilizers to promote the manifestation of the fertilizer effect, trace elements, vitamins B ₁ , B ₆ , nicotinamide and the like have been conventionally used as fertilizer effect enhancers.

[0003]

As a preventive measure against salt accumulation and water pollution due to multi-fertilizer cultivation, it has been considered that careful fertilization management and use of slow-release fertilizer according to the growth amount are effective. Such techniques have drawbacks such as complicated work and insufficient effect obtained at high cost. The object of the present invention is to grow a crop by mixing alginate oligosaccharides having a plant growth promoting action with a fertilizer so that the yield can be improved with an appropriate fertilization amount or a standard even when the fertilization amount is reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for securing growth equal to the amount of fertilization and avoiding excessive fertilization.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, by using alginate oligosaccharides (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as AO), the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizers has been improved. Have been found, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention relates to 100 parts by weight of liquid fertilizer.
Alginate oligosaccharide was mixed in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight.
A fertilizer composition capable of reducing the amount of fertilizer,
0.0100 parts by weight of alginic acid oligosaccharide per 100 parts by weight
Light fertilization amount characterized by mixing 1 to 1.0 parts by weight
Algins for fertilizer compositions and solid fertilizers that can be reduced
40 g to 4500 g per 10 ares as acid oligosaccharide
Alginate oligosaccharides to achieve the application concentration
The present invention relates to a method for improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, which is characterized in that the amount of fertilizer is reduced .

In the present invention, AO is used to degrade algae such as alginic acid, sodium alginate or kelp containing alginic acid or polysaccharides of microbial origin with enzymes such as alginate lyase, or hydrolyze with acids such as hydrochloric acid. Specifically, (a) an oligosaccharide composed of only guluronic acid having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20 and (b) composed of only mannuronic acid having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20 Oligosaccharide obtained by decomposing alginic acid consisting of a mixture of guluronic acid and mannuronic acid and having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20 and (c) a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20, or the oligosaccharide obtained at pH 1 to 9, preferably at pH 1 ~ 3, means a product obtained by heat treatment at a temperature of 60 to 130 ° C, preferably 100 to 130 ° C for 15 to 180 minutes. The details of this alginate oligosaccharide are described in JP-A-63-101302 and JP-A-63-21419.
No. 2 discloses this.

[0007] The AO used in the present invention is previously mixed with a fertilizer and applied . The form of the fertilizer to be mixed may be either liquid or solid. Furthermore, it can be used by being supported on a carrier such as activated carbon. Here, the liquid fertilizer refers to a water-soluble simple liquid fertilizer such as urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and phosphorus phosphorus and a liquid composite fertilizer. Solid fertilizers include nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate and urea, phosphate fertilizers such as persulfate and iodine, potassium fertilizers such as salted and sulfurized, and single and compound fertilizers such as trace element fertilizers.

[0008] When AO is mixed with liquid fertilizer, its mixing amount is suitably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight based on the liquid fertilizer stock solution. Moreover, the compounding amount when mixing with a solid fertilizer is 0.01-1.
0% by weight is suitable.

Regarding the method of applying the fertilizer composition containing AO, the site to be given to the plant may be the above-ground portion or the underground portion. In the case of application with a liquid such as liquid fertilizer, a method such as foliar spraying and irrigation is preferable, and in hydroponics, a method such as mixing with a hydroponic solution is preferable. In addition, when used as a mixture with a solid fertilizer, fertilizer can be applied between plants or can be introduced into the whole. The application time is not limited, and it can be used in both primary manure and topdressing.

[0010] The present inventors use the fertilizer composition to make use of the fertilizer.
As a result of various investigations on the method of increasing the utilization rate , it was possible to increase the yield with an appropriate amount of fertilizer. In addition, for example solid the AO
When applied to fertilizers, the fertilization rate should be 8 times the standard fertilization rate.
Even if it reduced to 0-90%, it was found that, as in the case of liquid fertilizer, growth almost equal to the standard fertilization rate was secured, and fertilizer efficiency could be improved. The application concentration is appropriately determined according to the application method and the like. In the case of a solid fertilizer , an application of AO per 10 ares of 40 to 4500 g, preferably 500 to 4500 g is appropriate.

The AO of the present invention is absorbed from the leaves and roots of the plant or acts on the surface of the plant body. As a result, for example, the roots grow vigorously and the absorption of fertilizer components from the rhizosphere is promoted.
Therefore, the fertilizer component in the soil can be used efficiently. The fertilizer composition of the present invention includes various plants, for example, leafy vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, komatsuna, fruit and vegetables such as cucumber and tomato, root vegetables such as radish and potato, cereals such as rice and corn, other flowers and lawns. ,
It can be applied to fruit trees and the like.

[0012]

EXAMPLES The present invention will now be described specifically with reference to examples, but these examples do not limit the present invention. Example 1 A based on 100 parts by weight of urea complex liquid fertilizer (10-4-8)
O is 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 or 5.0, respectively.
Five kinds of AO-containing liquid fertilizers were prepared by adding and mixing so as to be parts by weight.

Example 2 AO was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of the compound liquid fertilizer (8-6-5) for foliar application so as to be 0, 0.3, 0.6 or 1.5 parts by weight, respectively. To prepare four types of AO-containing liquid fertilizers (for foliar application).

Example 3 AO was added at 0, 0.01, 0.057, 0.114, 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of the chemical fertilizer (8-8-8).
The mixture was air-dried so as to be 71, 0.57 or 1.0 part by weight to prepare seven types of AO-containing solid fertilizers.

Example 4 AO was added to 0.05 parts, 0.1 parts, 0.5 parts, and 100 parts by weight of a commercially available phosphorus ammonium fertilizer (N-7, P ₂ O ₅ -20), respectively.
1.0 or 5.0 parts by weight were added and mixed to prepare five types of AO-containing liquid fertilizers.

Example 5 Komatsuna cultivation was carried out using a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot to examine the utilization rate of fertilizer components. 1. per pot
5 kg of mountain soil was packed, and the fertilization rate per pot was 0.25 g of chemical fertilizer (8-8-8) as the original fertilizer, and 0.25 g of liquid fertilizer (10-4-8) as the additional fertilizer. The fertilizer that was prepared so as to enter was used as a standard fertilization rate.

The amount of liquid fertilizer is adjusted by changing the amount of liquid fertilizer added. For example, in the case of fertilization at 80% of the standard fertilized amount, the addition of liquid fertilizer as top dressing was equivalent to 0.15 g nitrogen. The liquid fertilizer to be added was appropriately diluted from the liquid fertilizer prepared in Example 1. In this case, for example, when a liquid fertilizer containing 1% AO is used, the application concentration is 20 ppm. After sowing, the number of strains was adjusted to 25 strains / pot, cultivated for about 3 weeks, and the growth amount was compared. Further, the utilization rate of each fertilizer component (N, P, K) was determined from the amount of fertilizer applied per pot and the amount of component taken into the plant. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0018]

[Table 1] Table 1 ^{* 1} Shown as a relative value with the control of the standard fertilized group being 100 ^{* 2} Shown as a relative value with the control of each fertilized group being 100

As is clear from the table, while the amount of fertilizer applied was reduced, the growth of Komatsuna was reduced in the case of the control, whereas the amount of fermented AO-containing liquid fertilizer of the present invention was ensured. . The usage rate is N, P, K
It can be seen that both are improved by AO.

Example 6 The liquid fertilizer containing AO prepared in Example 2 was sprayed on the foliage to cultivate cucumber seedlings, and the growth amount was compared. 30 for the 3rd pot
Packed with 0g of seedling cultivation soil, cucumber seeds (Sharp-
1) was sown. After the development of the true leaves, the liquid fertilizer was diluted 300-fold and sprayed once a week, 5 ml / strain, a total of four times. The plants were cultivated in 9 wards in each section and the growth status was compared. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0021]

[Table 2] Table 2 The values are shown as relative values with the control as 100.

As is clear from the table, the growth of cucumber was promoted by using the AO-containing liquid fertilizer of the present invention at the same fertilization rate.

Example 7 The radish was cultivated for 20 days using the AO-containing solid fertilizer prepared in Example 3, and the growth amount was compared. 2.0 kg of river sand and 1.7 kg of soil are packed in a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot,
The fertilizer content in each pot was 0.7 g using the solid fertilizer.
It was set to be equivalent to nitrogen. The radish (red girl) was sowed in triplicate in each section (10 grains / pot), and after cultivation for about 5 weeks, the growth status in each section was compared. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0024]

[Table 3] Table 3 The values are shown as relative values with the control as 100.

As is evident from the table, in the case of the same fertilization rate, the use of the AO-containing solid fertilizer of the present invention promoted the growth of radish.

Example 8 AO was used for hydroponic cultivation of lettuce, and the growth amount was compared. Lettuce seedlings (Salinas 8) grown to 3.5 leaves in a cell tray
8) was set in a hydroponic cultivator using a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot, and cultivated for about 2 months (Kumiai hydroponic fertilizer No. 1, standard concentration of No. 2, pH 5.3 to 5.4). Note that A
O was added to the hydroponic solution during cultivation so as to be 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 ppm and applied. The hydroponic solution was replaced every 7 days, aerated for 30 minutes every 2 hours, and the growth amount of each section was compared. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0027]

[Table 4] Table 4 The values are shown as relative values with the control as 100.

As is clear from the table, the growth of lettuce was promoted by adding and applying AO to the hydroponic solution.

[0029]

According to the present invention, by applying a fertilizer to which alginate oligosaccharides are added to crops, turf, and other plantings, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved. In particular, when cultivating crops, the yield can be improved with an appropriate amount of fertilization, and even when the amount of fertilization is reduced, growth equivalent to the standard amount of fertilization can be secured.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Toshiaki Kono 5-3-1 Chiyoda, Sakado-shi, Saitama Meiji Seika Co., Ltd. Biological Science Research Institute (72) Inventor Shigeru Ono 57-5 Hasunuma, Kyokawa-cho, Makabe-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Hideo Yoshihara 2-7-4 Miyakubo, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba (56) References JP-A-63-101302 (JP, A) JP-A-64-52691 (JP, A) JP-A-49-54151 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C05B 1/00-5/00 A01G 1/00-33/02 A01N 25/00-65/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An alginate oligosaccharide is mixed in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of liquid fertilizer.
A fertilizer composition capable of reducing fertilization amount . 2. An alginate oligosaccharide is mixed in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of solid fertilizer.
Fertilizer composition capable of reducing fertilization amount . 3. An alginic acid oligosaccharide is added to a solid fertilizer so as to have an application concentration of 40 g to 4500 g per 10 ares as an alginic acid oligosaccharide to reduce fertilization amount.
A method for improving the rate of use of fertilizer, characterized in that the method comprises: