JP2008303122A - Soil, plant growth conditioning material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that a conventional organic fertilizer is not completely fermented and causes secondary fermentation in a farm field after the application of the fertilizer to release ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas into the soil and to damage the roots of plants and then does not effectively work to the growth of the plants. <P>SOLUTION: The soil, plant growth conditioning material has a sludge degraded liquid obtained by degrading organic sludge while aerating in about ≤1 ppm dissolved oxygen as an active ingredient. Because the organic material is fermented at a low temperature in this way, the soil, plant growth conditioning material is available as a plant growth conditioning material or a soil conditioning material without releasing ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas in the soil and losing fertilizer component (energy) of a base material in completely fermented state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a soil / plant growth-improving material, and is used in an agricultural method characterized by using biotechnology with reduced agricultural chemicals.

  Conventionally, this kind of organic fertilizer has been fermented at high temperature, such as feces of livestock animals, so it takes time to completely ferment, and nitrogen-based active ingredients that are plant nutritional components and soil improvement components are air. It will be scattered inside. As a preventive measure, it was usual to stop fermentation before shipment.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-171146 JP 2003-313555 A JP 2003-55081 A JP 2004-263040 A

  In such conventional organic fertilizers, fermentation has not been carried out completely, so after fertilization, secondary fermentation occurs in the field, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas bodies are released into the soil, and the roots of the plants are removed. There was a risk that it would not work effectively for plant growth due to damage.

  An object of the present invention is to eliminate such inconvenience.

  In order to achieve the above object, the inventors have completed this invention as a result of intensive studies.

    The soil / plant growth-improving material according to the present invention comprises, as an active ingredient, a sludge decomposition solution obtained by decomposing organic sludge while aerated under a dissolved oxygen amount of about 1 ppm or less.

    In this case, the oxidation-reduction potential of the sludge decomposition solution may be +100 ORP or more.

    In this case, fermentation can also be promoted by adding the sludge decomposition solution to rice bran.

    In addition, the sludge decomposition solution can be added to charcoal (charcoal, bamboo charcoal, etc.). As an effect of charcoal, it becomes an active ingredient for long-term retention of fertilizer, adsorption of odor, and adjustment of PH.

Moreover, the said sludge decomposition liquid can also be added to urea.
Moreover, the said sludge decomposition liquid can also be mixed and stirred low temperature fermentation to livestock droppings.

  The soil / plant growth improving material according to the present invention is configured as described above. In other words, because the sludge decomposition solution that decomposes organic sludge while aerated under a dissolved oxygen amount of about 1 ppm or less is used as an active ingredient, organic substances can be fermented at low temperatures, resulting in ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas bodies in the soil. Is not released and is useful as a plant growth improver and a soil improver without losing the fertilizer content (energy) of the material in a completely fermented state.

  Therefore, if this soil / plant growth improving material is used, the root of the plant is not damaged, so that the growth of the plant is not hindered. As a result, as shown in Table 1 and FIGS. The nutritional effect on plants is extremely remarkable as compared with conventional ones.

  In this case, if the oxidation-reduction potential of the sludge decomposition solution is set to +100 RP or more, it can be made odorless.

  Also, in this case, if rice bran is added to the sludge decomposition solution to starchy material such as rice bran, the rice bran does not release ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas body and is completely fermented. The rice bran effect that is superior to that given can be demonstrated.

  If the sludge decomposition solution is added to charcoal, the decomposition solution is adsorbed in the voids formed in the process of making the charcoal, so that the fertilizer effect and deodorization effect can be continued for a long time. Moreover, the soil becomes more granular and as a result, the air permeability and water permeability are improved and the root development is promoted, so that the growth of the whole plant is improved.

  In addition, if the sludge decomposition solution is added to urea, urea does not release ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas, and if it is fermented completely, the urea effect is superior to when urea is fed directly to the field. can do. In this case, liquid manure becomes easy to attach to the leaf of a plant, and a trace amount nitrogen component can be supplied.

  In addition, when the sludge decomposition solution is added to livestock droppings (for example, pig droppings), the livestock droppings do not release ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas body, and if they are fermented completely, the livestock droppings are fed directly to the field. The fertilizer effect of livestock excreta superior to that can be exhibited.

  The soil / plant growth improving material according to the present invention is an active ingredient obtained by diluting a supernatant of sludge decomposition solution obtained by decomposing and treating organic sludge with aeration under a dissolved oxygen amount of about 1 ppm or less by about 800 to 1500 times. It has the most important features. In addition, as shown in the table below, the dilution ratio was limited in this way. If it is less than about 800 times, the growth of the plant stops, and if it is about 1500 times or more, the stem grows too much in a weak state of the plant. Because it ends up. In the observation, the supernatant was diluted about 1000 times, and watermelon was planted and sprayed twice around 30 days until harvest.

Table 1
┌───┬─────────────────────────────┐
│ │ Supernatant dilution (times) │
│ ├──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┤
│ │ 700│ 700│ 800│ 900│1000│ 200│1400│1500│1600│1700│
├───┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┤
│Watermelon│ × │ × │ ○ │ ○ │ ○ │ ○ │ ○ │ ○ │ △ │ △ │
└───┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┘
○ Normal growth is seen.
△ The stem is weak and grows too much.
× Growth stops.

With this soil / plant growth improving material, no odor was generated, and almost no pests (beetle larvae or beetle larvae) were generated in the soil. For this reason, since the root of the plant is not damaged, the growth of the plant is not hindered. As a result, as shown in Table 2 and FIGS. This is extremely remarkable compared to the conventional one. This is because when the soil organic matter is decomposed using this supernatant, there is no odor of ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas, and these gases are not generated.
The following table compares the case where the upper liquid is not sprayed.

Table 2
┌───┬────────────┬──────────────┐
│ Object │ Supernatant liquid sprayed │ Supernatant liquid sprayed │
├───┼────────────┼──────────────┤
│Tomato│ 5 times normal yield │ Normal yield │
└───┴────────────┴──────────────┘

  In this case, odorlessness can be achieved by adding the sludge decomposition solution to rice bran and setting the oxidation-reduction potential to +100 ORP or more. Whether or not it was odorless was judged by human olfaction. In addition, when the oxidation-reduction potential of the sludge decomposition liquid is less than +100 ORP, it smells organic sludge such as manure.

  Moreover, in this case, if the diluted supernatant is added to the rice bran, the rice bran is completely fermented without releasing ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas. And the growth of the stem and root of a plant as a potassium phosphate fertilizer is promoted, and sweetness, such as a fruit, is increased. It has the effect. Table 3 below compares the rice bran when fertilized as it is. 1 dilution of 10kg of rice bran diluted supernatant solution (diluted approximately 1000 times with chlorine-free water, such as river water, pond water, tap water is not suitable) A product fermented by adding 8 kg was used.

Table 3
┌────┬─────────────┬──────────────┐
│ │ Add the supernatant liquid and spread │ Spread rice bran as it is │
├────┼─────────────┼──────────────┤
│Mountain │ The root part branches into four │ One root part │
│ │ (7 months spray) │ │
├────┼─────────────┼──────────────┤
│Tomato │ Up to 12 fruits per branch │ 5,6 fruits per branch │
│ │ (3-month spray) │ │
├────┼─────────────┼──────────────┤
│ eggplant │ height of about 1500mm │ height is 600mm │
│ │ (6 months spray) │ │
├────┼─────────────┼──────────────┤
│ Watermelon │ Stem, leaf growth │ Normal growth │
│ │ (Period 1 month) │ │
├────┼─────────────┼──────────────┤
│ Burdock │ Stem, leaf growth │ Normal growth │
│ │ (6 months) │ │
├────┼─────────────┼──────────────┤
│Sakura Grass│ The growth of flowers, trunks and leaves is remarkable │ Normal growth │
│ │ (Period 1 month) │ │
└────┴─────────────┴──────────────┘

  If charcoal is added to the supernatant liquid, the fertilizer effect and deodorizing effect can be continued for a long period of time because the supernatant liquid is adsorbed in the voids formed in the process of making charcoal. Moreover, the soil becomes more granular and as a result, the air permeability and water permeability are improved and the root development is promoted, so that the growth of the whole plant is improved.

  If the supernatant is added to urea, urea is completely fermented without releasing ammonia or hydrogen sulfide gas. And the effect (improvement of photosynthesis) of urea superior to when urea (powder) is applied to the field as it is can be exhibited. The table below shows a comparison with the case where urea is applied as it is. If the supernatant of the present invention is used to obtain the same effect, the amount of urea can be reduced to about one fifth.

Table 4
散布 ─────┬───────────────────────┐
│ │ Urea dilution (times) │
│ ├──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┤
│ │ 700│ 800│ 950│1000│1150│1200│1250│1300│
├─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┤
│Urea effect │ × │ × │ × │ ○ │ × │ × │ × │ × │
└─────┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┘
About 1 liter of the supernatant was added to 1 ton of river water (water containing no chlorine), and urea was dissolved therein according to each dilution.
○ Urea effect × Urea effect

Table 5
When spraying urea as it is ┌─────┬───────────────────────┐
│ │ Urea dilution (times) │
│ ├──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┤
│ │ 50 │ 100 │ 150 │ 200 │ 250 │ 300 │ 350 │ 400 │
├─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┤
│Urea effect │ × │ × │ × │ ○ │ × │ × │ × │ × │
└─────┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┘
Urea was dissolved in 1 ton of river water (water containing no chlorine) according to each dilution.
○ Urea effect × Urea effect

  Moreover, if the said sludge decomposition liquid is added to livestock feces, livestock feces will be completely fermented, without releasing ammonia and a hydrogen sulfide gas body. And the fertilizer effect of the livestock droppings superior to the case of feeding the livestock droppings to the field as it is (the effect of giving to the soil before planting the plant and making the soil fertile) can be exhibited. The following table compares the observation with that when fertilizing livestock droppings (pig droppings) as it is. The supernatant was added to pork flour, for example, 5 to 10% by weight, and fermented and decomposed.

Table 6
┌────┬────────────┬──────────────┐
│ │Adding supernatant liquid and spraying │ Fertilizing livestock manure as it is │
├────┼────────────┼──────────────┤
│ Cucumber │ About 5 days to grow │ About 1 week to grow │
├────┼────────────┼──────────────┤
│Flowing │ Flowering period 1 week │ Flowering period 3 days │
└────┴────────────┴──────────────┘
The supernatant is added to pork flour, for example, 5 to 10 weight percent, and fermented and decomposed.

  Hereinafter, the effect of the soil / plant improving material according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a photograph showing a case where this soil / plant growth improving material is applied to the foot of a mountain, Fig. 2 is a photograph showing a case of using the tomato, Fig. 3 is a photograph showing a case of using the eggplant, Fig. 4 is a photograph showing an example used in the same west, FIG. 5 is a photograph showing a case where the same is not used, FIG. 6 is a photograph showing a case where the burdock is used, and FIG. 7 is a photograph showing a case where it is not used. FIG. 8 is a photograph showing an example used for the primrose, and FIG. 9 is a photograph showing a case where the primrose is not used.
FIG. 10 is a process diagram illustrating a method for producing a sludge decomposition liquid according to the present invention, FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the aeration tank residence time (minutes) and the oxidation-reduction potential, and FIG. 12 is a graph showing the oxidation-reduction potential and the amount of sludge. FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxidation-reduction potential and the change in PH.

  The “organic sludge” in this invention corresponds to all organic sludge from livestock manure wastewater, factory wastewater, and the like. Moreover, the “aeration method” employs a normal method of stirring sludge while supplying air in an aeration tank. The amount of dissolved oxygen at this time is adjusted by the supplied air.

In addition, when aerated under an amount of dissolved oxygen exceeding about 1 ppm, the microorganisms present in the supernatant liquid will be different, and this supernatant liquid makes it difficult to ferment organic matter at low temperatures, thereby preventing the release of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas bodies. It is difficult to lose the fertilizer (energy) of the material.
The following table shows the amount of dissolved oxygen and the fertilizer effect of the supernatant liquid during aeration.
It is an observation state when the supernatant liquid of sludge decomposition liquid decomposed in each dissolved oxygen amount at the time of aeration is diluted about 1000 times and sprayed after planting until harvest.

Table 7
┌───┬───────────────────────────────┐
│ │ Dissolved oxygen during aeration (ppm) │
│ ├───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┬───┤
│ │ 0.5 │ 0.7 │ 0.9 │ 1.0 │ 1.2 │ 1.5 │ 2.0 │ 2.3 │
├───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┼───┤
│Watermelon│ ○ │ ○ │ ○ │ ○ │ × │ × │ × │ × │
└───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┴───┘
○ Excellent growth was observed
× Poor growth, outbreak of oilworm, prone to disease

  The “organic sludge” in this invention corresponds to all organic sludge from livestock manure wastewater, factory wastewater, and the like. Moreover, the “aeration method” employs a normal method of stirring sludge while supplying air in an aeration tank. The amount of dissolved oxygen at this time is adjusted by the supplied air.

  If the oxidation-reduction potential of the sludge decomposition solution is set to +100 ORP or more, an odorless state can be maintained. The oxidation-reduction potential is set in this way, and when it becomes less than 100 ORP, it becomes an anaerobic environment, so that the sludge decomposition solution emits a strange odor and becomes cloudy.

  The aeration process for producing sludge decomposition liquid is operated by using the redox potential as an index from the conventional method of managing dissolved oxygen. FIGS. 11 to 13 are graphs used as an index at that time, FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the aeration tank residence time (minutes) and the oxidation-reduction potential, and FIG. 12 is a graph showing changes in the oxidation-reduction potential and the amount of sludge. FIG. 13 is a graph showing the oxidation-reduction potential and the change in PH.

  Moreover, FIGS. 1-9 shows the example of a plant test.

  In this test, a sludge decomposition solution was added to fermented rice bran as a soil / plant improvement material. In other words, 10kg of rice bran diluted about 1000 times with the diluted solution of the supernatant of sludge decomposition solution (water that does not contain chlorine, such as river water, pond water, etc., but tap water is not suitable)) Was used, which was fermented in a state surrounded by a plastic bag and prevented from being irradiated with ultraviolet rays.

  1 to 3 show the actual growth, and the fruit grows larger than usual.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of spraying a yam (period of 7 months), where a normal yam (when not sprayed) has one root portion that grows into four branches.

  Fig. 2 shows an example of spraying tomatoes (period 3 months). In the case of normal tomatoes (when not spraying), there are 5,6 fruits per branch, but with a maximum of 12 fruits. .

  FIG. 3 shows an example of spraying eggplant (period 6 months). In the case of normal eggplant (when not used), the height is 600 mm, but the height has grown to about 1500 mm.

  4 to 9 show a comparison of the growth of plants themselves, in which the trunk and leaves grow larger than usual.

  FIG. 4 shows an example (period of 1 month) used for Saijo, and the growth of the stem and leaves of Saijo is remarkable compared to the case of not using FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of using the burdock (period 6 months), and the growth of the trunk and leaves of the burdock is remarkable as compared with the case of FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows an example of spraying primroses (period 1 month), and the growth of primrose flowers, trunks, and leaves is remarkable compared to the case of FIG.

    Next, a method for producing this sludge decomposition solution will be described with reference to FIG.

  Drainage from the pig house 10 (including animal dung, which corresponds to “organic sludge” of the present invention) is caused to flow into the adjustment tank 11.

  In this adjustment tank 11, the amount of inflow water flowing into the backing tank is adjusted. In this adjustment tank 11, the decomposition reaction is accelerated by returning sludge accumulated in the precipitation tank (30) described later and returning a treatment liquid having a high microorganism concentration (enzyme concentration) subjected to low back treatment in a multistage nitrification promotion tank. I can do it. The volume of sludge is further reduced by the reaction in the multi-stage nitrification promotion tank. Furthermore, the nitrogen component of the nitric acid body can be removed as nitrogen gas. In the adjustment tank 11, the decomposition action can be performed using microorganisms contained in the organic sludge.

  Next, the treated water mixed with the raw water in the adjustment tank 11 (corresponding to the “organic sludge decomposition solution” of the invention) flows into the backing tank 20.

  In the tank 20, the organic sludge is decomposed while aerated under a dissolved oxygen amount of about 1 ppm or less.

  In this case, since the enzyme contained in the treated water is active in a slightly anaerobic (facultative anaerobic) environment, the oxidation-reduction potential may be set to +100 or more than ORP.

  Next, the treated water (organic sludge treated water) treated in the backing tank 20 flows into the settling tank 30. The organic matter concentration of the treated water treated in the settling tank 30 is below the drainage standard value. (The stock solution is 5000 ppm), and the number of E. coli is less than the drainage standard value (the stock solution is 20,000 to 30,000 per liter) even without chlorine sterilization.

  Further, since the treatment liquid treated in the precipitation tank 30 has a denitrification action, the denitrification action in the adjustment tank 11 can be promoted by returning to the adjustment tank 11.

  In this case, a plurality of nitrification promotion tanks 40 and 40 may be interposed between the settling tank 30 and the adjustment tank 11. In these nitrification accelerating tanks 40, 40, the organic sludge is decomposed while the treatment liquid treated in the precipitation tank 30 is further aerated under a dissolved oxygen amount of about 1 ppm or less.

It is effective when adding rice bran to this treatment liquid and starting a wastewater treatment or a nutrient source when the BOD load is small as an inoculum. Since the nitrification promotion tanks 40 and 40 are high in nutrients, algae are likely to be generated. Therefore, it is desirable to prevent ultraviolet rays in order to protect the cells.

  On the other hand, when the stock solution of the treatment liquid treated in the settling tank 30 is sprayed in the composting process in which the excrement discharged from the pig house 10 is mixed, the period of compost ripeness can be shortened. The amount of the treatment liquid added at this time is 40 to 50 weight 0/0 in terms of the moisture content of compost (to the extent that it can be grasped by hand).

  And if this fermented combos material is mixed with a bark material and used as a flooring material for the pig house 10, there is an effect like a litter. At this time, the deodorizing effect can be obtained by spraying the treatment liquid once a day to once a week (see FIG. 14).

  Moreover, this compost material can be matured and used as fully matured compost. In this case, urea fertilizer or charcoal (charcoal, bamboo charcoal, etc.) 5 weights around 0/0 can be mixed with ripe compost.

  Furthermore, if the treatment solution treated in the settling tank 30 is sprayed from 5% to a stock solution, for example, in the pig house 10, generation of ammonia-based gas can be suppressed and the number of dead piglets can be reduced ( (See Figure 14).

  Further, the diluted liquid 1 weight 0/0, urea fertilizer 1 weight 0/0, and water 98 weight 0/0 can be mixed and used as an organic fertilizer.

  The soil / plant growth improving material according to the present invention suppresses the generation of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide gas and the like in a completely fermented state. It is useful as a plant growth improver and soil improver. The nutritional effect on the plant is very remarkable compared to the conventional one. If the oxidation-reduction potential of the sludge decomposition liquid is +100 ORP or more, it can be made odorless.

It is the photograph which showed the example which sprayed the soil and plant growth improvement material which concerns on this invention on the foot of a mountain. It is the photograph which showed the example used for the tomato. It is the photograph which showed the example used for the eggplant. It is a photograph showing an example used in the same west. It is a photograph showing a case where the same is not used. It is the photograph which showed the example used for the same burdock. It is a photograph showing a case where the same is not used. It is a photograph showing an example used for the same primrose. It is a photograph showing a case where the same is not used. It is process drawing explaining the manufacturing method of the sludge decomposition liquid which concerns on this invention. It is the graph which showed the relationship between aeration tank residence time (minutes) and oxidation-reduction potential. It is the graph which showed the oxidation reduction potential and the change of sludge quantity. It is the graph which showed the oxidation-reduction potential and the change of PH.

Explanation of symbols

10… Pig house
11… Adjustment tank
20… Back tank
30… Sedimentation tank
40… nitrification promotion tank

Claims (6)

A soil / plant growth-improving material containing as an active ingredient a sludge decomposition solution obtained by decomposing organic sludge while aerated under a dissolved oxygen content of approximately 1 ppm or less. The soil / plant growth improving material according to claim 1, wherein the sludge decomposition solution has an oxidation-reduction potential of +100 (OXIDATION-REDUCTON POTENTIAL, hereinafter referred to as “ORP”) or more. The soil / plant growth improving material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sludge decomposition solution is added to a starchy material such as rice bran and fermented. The soil / plant growth improving material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sludge decomposition solution is added to charcoal. The soil / plant growth-improving material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein urea is added to the sludge decomposition solution and sprayed on the plant or soil. The soil / plant growth-improving material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sludge decomposition solution is mixed and stirred at low temperature for livestock droppings.

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