WO2022014267A1 - Method for producing compost, method for producing liquid fertilizer, and compost - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are: a method for producing a compost, said compost being well-matured and capable of safely promoting agricultural crop growth and conditioning soil; a method for producing a liquid fertilizer; and a compost.　This method for producing a compost comprises: diluting, 500-1500 fold inclusive with water, a fulvic acid-containing humus extract solution to give a diluted humus extract solution; per 100% of the total amount of a base material that contains cattle excreta, swine excreta, poultry excreta or a mixture thereof, spraying 10-30% inclusive of the diluted humus extract solution to the base material followed by stirring; aging the obtained mixture for 1-3 weeks inclusive to ferment the base material; per 100% of the total amount of the base material, spraying 10-30% inclusive of the diluted humus extract solution to the base material followed by stirring; and aging the obtained mixture for 1-3 weeks inclusive to ferment the base material.

Description

Compost manufacturing method, liquid fertilizer manufacturing method, and compost

The present invention relates to a method for producing compost containing livestock manure, a method for producing liquid fertilizer, and compost.

Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are often used to efficiently produce crops. Chemical fertilizers are produced from inorganic raw materials using chemical processes. Since the component of the chemical fertilizer is the nutrient itself of the plant, it has a high immediate effect, but there is a problem that it is difficult for microorganisms to use and the soil fertilizer is lowered by using it in a large amount.
Examples of pesticides include fungicides, fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, plant growth regulators (plant hormones) and the like. A large amount of pesticides are used in modern agriculture for the purpose of prevention and countermeasures against insect damage and diseases, simplification of insect and weeding, stable supply of crops and long-term storage. There are many pesticides that have an adverse effect on the human body, and the burden on the environment is high, which has become a problem.

The use of compost is one of the solutions to these problems. By using compost instead of chemical fertilizer, it is attempted to suppress concentration disturbance and salt accumulation due to excessive fertilizer application, and to be useful for soil improvement (for example, Patent Document 1 etc.). Traditionally, compost has been produced by mixing straw and dead leaves with livestock manure, laying them down and aging them.

Japanese Patent No. 6492896

In order to compost livestock feces, activation of microorganisms contained in the feces, water and oxygen for that purpose, and temperature are required. Ripe compost can be obtained by activating aerobic microorganisms in feces and fermenting them sufficiently. Insufficient ripening can lead to non-killing pathogens and infect humans and livestock, decomposition in soil can generate gas and impair crop growth, weed seeds die It is said that weeds may spread on agricultural land, there is a bad smell and a feeling of filth, it is difficult to transport and store, easily decomposable organic substances including nitrogen etc. are not decomposed, and groundwater pollution etc. may occur. There's a problem. It is also required that the growth of crops is promoted, the microorganisms in the soil are activated when compost is used, the oxidation of the soil is suppressed, the soil is well reformed, and the heavy metals in the soil are decomposed. ..

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a method for producing compost, a method for producing liquid fertilizer, and a method for producing compost, which are well-ripened, safely promote the growth of agricultural products, and reform the soil. The purpose is to provide.

In the method for producing compost according to one aspect of the present invention, a fulvic acid-containing rot plant extract is diluted with water 500 times or more and 1500 times or less to prepare a rot plant extract diluted solution, and cow manure, pig manure, or chicken manure, or When the total amount of the base material containing these mixtures is 100%, the base material is sprayed with 10% or more and 30% or less of the rot plant extract diluted solution, stirred, and allowed to stand for 1 week or more and 3 weeks or less. When the material is fermented and the total amount of the base material is 100%, the rotted plant extract diluted solution of 10% or more and 30% or less is sprayed on the base material, stirred, and allowed to stand for 1 week or more and 3 weeks or less. Ferment the substrate.
Here, the "cow dung, pig dung, or chicken dung, or a mixture thereof" may include cow, pig, or chicken urine.

Fulvic acid is a general term for a group of humic substances that have died and decayed, and dissolves in an acidic aqueous solution. Fulvic acid is defined by the International Humic Substances Society.

In the method for producing liquid fertilizer according to one aspect of the present invention, water having a temperature of 35 ° C. or higher and 45 ° C. or lower, which is 5 times or more and 10 times or less, is added to the compost produced by any of the above-mentioned compost production methods for half a day. Aging for 2 days or more to remove impurities.

The compost according to one aspect of the present invention is prepared by blending a water-diluted solution of fulvic acid-containing rot plant extract with 20% or more and 60% or less, cow dung, pig dung, or chicken dung, or 100% base material containing a mixture thereof. It becomes.

According to the compost of the present invention, it is well matured, the growth of crops is safely promoted, and the soil is reformed.

It is a photograph of rice before harvest, which was produced without pesticides using the compost of Example 1. It is a photograph of rice before harvest produced by the pesticide farming method without using compost of Comparative Example 1.

The compost according to the embodiment of the present invention is produced as follows.
1. 1. Preparation of humus extract For humus extract, add 5 liters of water with a temperature of 35 ° C or higher and 45 ° C or lower per 1 liter of humus soil (a 1-liter container is squeezed out), stir, and let stand for 24 hours to remove impurities. Obtained by removing with a filter or the like. The filter may be any as long as it can remove foamy impurities. The temperature of the water is preferably 40 ° C. The humus soil may be a natural product or an artificially promoted humus soil.
According to the above preparation method, a humus extract containing a high concentration of fulvic acid can be efficiently obtained from the humus soil.

2. 2. Compost manufacturing process (1) Base material Livestock manure (cow dung, pig manure, or chicken manure, a mixture thereof) is prepared as a base material for compost.
As the base material, when the total amount of livestock manure is 100%, fermented rice bran of 5% or more and 35% or less may be added and mixed.
Food waste may be blended in the base material.
According to the method for producing compost of the present embodiment, livestock manure and food waste can be satisfactorily composted.
(2) Dilute the humus extract with water 500 times or more and 1500 times or less to prepare a humus extract diluted solution. The degree of dilution is determined according to the mixing ratio with the substrate, which will be described later, the season, and the like. For example, in summer, the dilution ratio is increased to 1000 times to lower the concentration of the humus extract, and in autumn, the concentration of the humus extract is increased. The lower limit of the dilution ratio is preferably 600 times, 700 times, and 800 times, and the upper limit is preferably 1400 times, 1300 times, 1200 times, 1100 times, and 1000 times.

(3) Prepare a humus extract diluted solution corresponding to 20% or more and 60% or less when the total amount of the base material is 100%. The ratio of the humus extract diluted solution to the base material takes into consideration the dilution ratio of the humus extract diluted solution. The lower limit of the ratio of the humus extract diluted solution is preferably 30%, more preferably 40%. The upper limit is preferably 50%.
(4) Half the amount of the humus extract diluted solution of (3), that is, the humus extract diluted solution corresponding to 10% or more and 30% or less when the total amount of the base material is 100%, is sprayed onto the base material and stirred. ..
(5) The base material containing the humus extract diluted solution is allowed to stand for 1 week or more and 3 weeks or less for fermentation and aging. The aging period is preferably 2 weeks.
During the aging period, as the fermentation progresses, the temperature of the base material rises to 80 ° C. to 90 ° C., so the temperature of the base material is controlled to be 60 ° C. or higher and 70 ° C. or lower by stirring and dissipating heat. Microorganisms die when the temperature of the substrate rises to 80 ° C to 90 ° C, but by controlling the temperature of the substrate to be 60 ° C or higher and 70 ° C or lower, the number of microorganisms can be maintained for a short period of time. The compost can be fully ripened.

(6) After letting it rest for 1 week or more and 3 weeks or less, the steps (3) to (5) are repeated once again to produce compost.

According to this embodiment, the humus extract containing fulvic acid activates the microorganisms of the base material, and a well-ripened compost can be obtained. Sufficient aging eliminates the risk of pathogens in the substrate being killed and infecting humans and livestock. Organic matter in the base material decomposes in the soil to generate gas, eliminating the risk of crop growth failure. Weed seeds in the substrate will die and there will be no risk of weeds spreading to the farmland. Eliminates foul odors and filth, and facilitates transportation and storage. Easily decomposable organic matter including nitrogen is decomposed, and there is no possibility of contamination of groundwater. Therefore, it is not necessary to use pesticides such as fungicides, fungicides, and herbicides. Alternatively, a significant reduction in usage is realized.

Since the compost contains fulvic acid, the microorganisms in the soil using the compost are activated, the growth of agricultural products is promoted, the oxidation of the soil is suppressed, the soil is well reformed, and the heavy metals in the soil are decomposed. .. Agricultural crops can be continuously cultivated, and sustainable agriculture is realized. It is possible to safely produce crops with good taste without using pesticides and chemical fertilizers.

3. 3. Liquid fertilizer manufacturing process By adding water with a temperature of 35 ° C. or higher and 45 ° C. or lower to the compost manufactured as described above, aging for half a day or more and 2 days or less, and filtering to remove impurities. , Manufacture liquid fertilizer. The temperature of the water is preferably 40 ° C. The aging period is preferably 24 hours. The filter may be any one capable of separating foamy impurities and a large mixture, and may be coarse-grained.

The liquid fertilizer according to the present embodiment uses the compost according to the present embodiment and is well matured, the growth of agricultural products is promoted, and the soil is reformed.
Unlike solid compost, liquid fertilizer easily flows into the soil, so by using it regularly, it is possible to supply nutrients to crops in good condition. The absorption time is short and the effect can be expected immediately.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[Example 1]
The compost of Example 1 was produced by the following production method.
Extract 5 L of fulvic acid from 1 liter of humus soil (1 liter container).
Dilute 5 L of fulvic acid 1000-fold with water. This corresponds to two sprays.
A single dose of humus extract diluted solution is sprayed onto 12500 kg of cow dung and stirred.
Aged for 2 weeks. The temperature of the base material is adjusted to 60 to 70 ° C. by stirring occasionally to dissipate heat.
Another dose of humus extract diluted solution is sprayed onto 12500 kg of cow dung and stirred.
Aged for 2 weeks. The temperature of the base material is adjusted to 60 to 70 ° C. by stirring occasionally to dissipate heat.
Rice was produced using the obtained compost. No pesticides were used throughout the period.

[Comparative Example 1]
The traditional rice farming method used pesticides to produce rice.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of pre-harvest rice produced using the compost of Example 1 without pesticides, and FIG. 2 is a photograph of pre-harvest rice produced using pesticides by the conventional farming method of Comparative Example 1. It is a photograph that was taken. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the portion surrounded by the ellipse is an enlarged view. In FIG. 2, the upper side of the boundary line of the thick line is the rice of Example 1, and the lower side of the boundary line is the rice of Comparative Example 1. By comparing above and below the boundary line, it can be seen that the rice of Example 1 is longer than the rice of Comparative Example 1. From FIGS. 1 and 2, it can be seen that the rice of Example 1 has a larger number of spikelets, branch stalks, and paddy than the rice of Comparative Example 1.

From the above, it was confirmed that by using the compost of the example, agricultural products can be produced satisfactorily without using pesticides.

It should be considered that the embodiment disclosed this time is an example in all respects and is not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is intended to include not only the meanings described above, but also the meaning equivalent to the claims and all modifications within the scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A humus extract diluted solution containing fulvic acid is diluted with water 500 times or more and 1500 times or less to prepare a humus extract diluted solution.
   When the total amount of the base material containing cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, or a mixture thereof is 100%, the humus extract diluted solution of 10% or more and 30% or less is sprayed on the base material and stirred.
   Let it sit for 1 week or more and 3 weeks or less to ferment the base material.
   When the total amount of the base material is 100%, the humus extract diluted solution of 10% or more and 30% or less is sprayed on the base material and stirred.
   A method for producing compost, in which the base material is fermented by letting it rest for 1 week or more and 3 weeks or less.
2. The method for producing compost according to claim 1, wherein when the base material is fermented, the base material is agitated to dissipate heat and the temperature of the base material is adjusted to be 60 ° C. or higher and 70 ° C. or lower.
3. To the humus extract, add 5 liters of water having a temperature of 35 ° C. or higher and 45 ° C. or lower per liter of humus soil and stir.
   Let it sit for 24 hours,
   The method for producing compost according to claim 1 or 2, which is obtained by removing impurities.
4. The method for producing compost according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base material contains food waste.
5. The base material contains fermented rice bran of 5% or more and 35% or less when the total amount of cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, or a mixture thereof is 100%, according to claims 1 to 4. The method for producing compost according to any one of the above items.
6. To the compost produced by the method for producing compost according to any one of claims 1 to 4, water having a temperature of 35 ° C. or higher and 45 ° C. or lower, which is 5 times or more and 10 times or less, is added.
   Aged for more than half a day and less than 2 days,
   A method for producing liquid fertilizer that removes impurities.
7. A compost made by blending 20% or more and 60% or less of an aqueous diluted solution of a rot plant extract containing fulvic acid with 100% of a base material containing cow dung, pig dung, or chicken dung, or a mixture thereof.
   

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