JPH0531674A - Water permeable grinding wheel and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of choking and overheating of a rinding grain layer by uniformly feeding grinding liquid to the grinding surface of the grinding grain layer. CONSTITUTION:A water permeable grinding wheel comprises a base metal 10 having a grinding grain layer forming surface and a grinding liquid feed surface, a grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 formed on the grinding grain layer forming surface and having a communicating hole for dispersion of non- oriented three-dimensional structure formed throughout the whole area of the interior, and a water permeable grinding grain layer 12 formed on the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 and having a number of water permeation pores communicated at least in the direction of thickness. A feed liquid passage 13 having its one end opened to the grinding liquid feed surface and the other end opened to the grinding grain layer forming surface is formed in the base metal 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-passing grindstone having a porous abrasive grain layer and a method for producing the same, and particularly to prevent clogging of the abrasive grain layer, enhance the efficiency of supplying a grinding fluid, and improve sharpness. Related to improvements to improve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 13 is an enlarged sectional view of an abrasive grain layer showing an example of a conventional electrodeposition grindstone. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a metal base metal of various shapes, and the abrasive grain layer forming surface 1A of the base metal 1 is
A large number of superabrasive grains 2 are fixed in a single layer via a metal plating phase 3.

In this type of electrodeposition grindstone, since the superabrasive grains 2 are firmly fixed by the dense and hard metal plating phase 3,
Especially when it is used for grinding hard and brittle work materials, the impact at the time when each superabrasive grain 2 bites into the work material is large, and minute chipping (chipping) occurs on the work surface, resulting in surface roughness and processing. There was a drawback that the accuracy decreased. Also, metal plating phase 3
Since the surface of the is fine and flat, the effect of discharging the chips generated during grinding from the grinding part with the movement of the grindstone (chip discharging property) is small, and the grinding liquid is difficult to be supplied to the grinding part, Cooling and lubrication effect due to. Therefore, it is likely to be clogged and the sharpness is reduced quickly. further,
It is difficult to electrodeposit the superabrasive grains 2 in a multi-layered and uniform manner by the ordinary electrodeposition method, and there is also a drawback that the life of the grindstone is limited due to the single layered form.

Therefore, as a grindstone capable of solving these problems, in JP-B-58-2034, a porous body such as a resin foam is formed with a conductive coating by electroless plating, and then the porous body is formed. There is disclosed a structure in which a superabrasive grain is electrodeposited on the surface and inside of the to form a porous abrasive grain layer by electroplating, and the porous abrasive grain layer is cut and fixed to a base metal. .

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment described in the specification, in which the above-mentioned porous abrasive grain layer 4 is fixed to the outer periphery of the wheel type base metal 1 and the inside of the base metal 1 is fixed. Plural liquid supply paths 5 are formed, one end of which opens to the outer peripheral surface and the other end of which opens to the side surface. In this example, since the entire porous abrasive grain layer 4 has an appropriate elasticity, it is possible to reduce the impact of the superabrasive grains biting into the work material and reduce chipping. Further, since many pores are opened on the surface of the porous abrasive grain layer 4,
These chips can enhance the chip discharge performance by the chip pockets, and at the time of use, by spraying the grinding liquid with the nozzle 6 on the side surface of the base metal 1 as shown in the figure, the porous abrasive grain layer 4 is passed through each liquid supply path 5. The grinding liquid can be forcibly introduced into the inside of the, and the effect of further improving the chip discharging property and cooling property is obtained.

[0006]

However, in the grindstone of FIG. 14, the grinding fluid supplied through the liquid supply passage 5 passes through the porous abrasive grain layer 4 having a large porosity in the thickness direction, and the supply passage 5
Has a tendency to flow out only from a portion opposed to, and it is difficult to supply the grinding liquid to the other portions. For this reason, there is a problem in that partial clogging or heat generation is likely to occur at a location where the grinding fluid supply is insufficient and the sharpness of the grindstone becomes unstable.

[0007]

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a water-permeable whetstone according to the present invention comprises a base metal having an abrasive grain layer forming surface and a grinding liquid supply surface,
A grinding liquid dispersion layer provided on the abrasive grain layer forming surface, and having a continuous ventilation hole for dispersion having a non-directional three-dimensional structure formed all over the inside, and at least a grinding liquid dispersion layer provided on the grinding liquid dispersion layer. And a water-permeable abrasive grain layer having a large number of water-permeable pores communicating in the thickness direction, one end of the base metal is opened to the grinding liquid supply surface, the other end is the abrasive grain layer. It is characterized in that a liquid supply path opening to the forming surface is formed.

The water-permeable abrasive grain layer has a non-directional 3
A large number of the above-mentioned superabrasive grains are fixed to the surface and inside of a coarse porous body having a three-dimensional mesh structure and an average cell diameter of the mesh of 3 to 100 times the average grain size of the superabrasive grains by a metal plating phase. It may be present, and in that case, it is preferable that the average diameter of the dispersion communicating vents is not more than 1/2 times the average cell diameter of the coarse porous body.

In the water-permeable abrasive grain layer, superabrasive grains are dispersed in the metal plating phase, and the water-permeable pores having a non-directional three-dimensional network structure are formed in the metal plating phase. The average cell diameter of the mesh of the water-permeable pores may be 3 to 100 times the average particle diameter of the superabrasive grains. In that case, it is desirable that the average diameter of the dispersion communicating vents is not more than 1/2 times the average cell diameter of the mesh of the water-permeable pores.

On the other hand, the method for producing a water-permeable grindstone of the present invention is
A conductive metal layer is formed on a flat plate-like coarse porous body having a non-directional three-dimensional mesh structure and having an average cell diameter of the mesh of 3 to 100 times the average particle diameter of superabrasive grains, and further, this coarse mesh is formed. A non-directional three-dimensional porous structure is formed in the porous body, and a flat plate-like fine porous body having an average pore diameter of 3/4 times or less of the average particle diameter is arranged to form a composite porous body. Then, in this composite porous body, while dispersing the superabrasive grains inside the coarse porous body, the dispersion plating solution is passed from the coarse porous body side to the fine porous body side, and the surface and the inside of the coarse porous body are After the superabrasive grains are fixed to the metal plating phase by electroless plating and / or electroplating, the coarse porous body to which the superabrasive grains are fixed is removed from the composite porous body, and the water-permeable abrasive grain layer is formed. It is characterized by

After removing the coarse porous body to which the superabrasive grains are fixed, from the composite porous body, the coarse porous body forms a non-directional three-dimensional structure over the entire inside. Through the grinding fluid dispersion layer in which the continuous ventilation holes for dispersion are formed,
It may be fixed on the base metal.

Further, after removing the coarse porous body to which the superabrasive grains are fixed, from the composite porous body, only the coarse porous body is removed from the coarse porous body to which the superabrasive grains are fixed. By doing so, a water-permeable abrasive grain layer may be obtained.

Further, a water-permeable abrasive grain layer obtained by removing only the coarse porous body from the coarse porous body to which the superabrasive particles are fixed,
You may fix on a base metal via the grinding-liquid dispersion layer in which the continuous ventilation hole for dispersion which has a non-directional three-dimensional structure was formed over the whole inside.

[0014]

According to the water-permeable whetstone according to the present invention, during grinding,
When the grinding liquid is sprayed onto the grinding liquid supply surface of the base metal, the grinding liquid is introduced into the grinding liquid dispersion layer through the liquid supply passage. Inside the grinding fluid dispersion layer, there are formed non-directional three-dimensional structure dispersion vents throughout the entire area, so that the grinding fluid can pass through the dispersion vents not only in the thickness direction but also on the flat surface. It also spreads in the direction and flows into the water-permeable abrasive grain layer from a wide area on the surface of the dispersion layer. Then, the grinding fluid flows out uniformly from a wide area on the surface of the abrasive grain layer through the water-permeable pores formed inside the water-permeable abrasive grain layer, and is supplied to the grinding surface. Therefore, it is unlikely that a location where the grinding liquid is insufficiently supplied occurs on the ground surface.

On the other hand, in the production method according to the present invention, since electroless plating or electroplating is performed while the dispersion plating solution is forcedly passed through the composite porous body, the superabrasive grains are finely porous due to the water flow of the dispersion plating solution. It is captured at the bonding interface with the porous body, is sequentially accumulated inside the coarse porous body, and is pressed against the individual fibers of the coarse porous body while the plating proceeds, so that the metal plating phase that precipitates is uniformly super-abrasive. Grains are taken in. Thereby, since the dispersion density of the superabrasive grains and the amount of embedding in the metal plating phase become uniform over the entire area of the coarse porous body, in the water-permeable abrasive grain layer obtained by this method,
Even if the wear progresses, the sharpness and the holding force of the abrasive grains do not change, the entire region of the abrasive grain layer can be stably ground, and the use efficiency of the superabrasive grains is high. Further, by forcibly circulating the dispersed plating solution, the plating rate can be improved, and high productivity that can be sufficiently put to practical use can be obtained.

[0016]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a water-permeable grindstone according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall front view, and FIG. 2 is II-II.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the water-permeable abrasive grain layer and the grinding liquid dispersion layer, as seen in a line. This water-permeable whetstone is formed by sequentially forming a grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 and a water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 having a constant thickness over the entire circumference on the outer peripheral surface of a wheel-type base metal 10 shown in the figure. .

As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of (16 in this case) liquid supply passages 13 are radially formed on the outer peripheral portion of the base metal 10 on the front and back sides, respectively, at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Thirteen
One end of the base metal opens to the outer peripheral surface of the base metal, and the other end of the base metal 1
Both side surfaces of 0 (grinding liquid supply surface) are opened. Two rows of shallow liquid supply grooves 14 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base metal 10 so as to connect the openings of the respective liquid supply passages 13 and extend over the entire circumference.

The water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is, as shown in FIG.
Over the entire surface and inside of the coarse porous body 15, a superabrasive grain 17 such as diamond or CBN is formed in a single layer or via a non-electrolytic metal plating phase 16 of Ni, Co, Cu or the like having a constant thickness. It is fixed in a multi-layered form (the figure shows a single-layered example). The thickness of the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is preferably 30 μm or more in terms of grinding life and abrasive grain layer strength.

As the coarse porous material 15, a resin foam or the like in which a resin is highly foam-molded by using a foaming agent can be used. Specifically, polyurethane foam or the like which is easy to mold and low in cost is suitable. is there. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing an example thereof. The thickness of the coarse porous body 15 is adjusted to the desired thickness of the abrasive grain layer.

As shown in FIG. 3, the average cell diameter D1 of the mesh of the coarse porous body 15 is 3 of the average particle diameter D2 of the superabrasive grains 17.
˜100 times, more preferably 5 to 30 times.
Here, the term “cell” refers to a substantially spherical void surrounded by a mesh of fibers. If the average cell diameter D1 is less than 3 times the average particle diameter D2, the proportion of small cells in which the superabrasive grains 17 are hard to enter increases, so the variation in the abrasive grain distribution density increases and the cutting edge density becomes non-uniform, resulting in The sharpness becomes unstable. On the other hand, if it is more than 100 times, the strength of the abrasive grain layer that can withstand normal grinding cannot be obtained. The average particle diameter D1 of the superabrasive grains 17 is determined according to the purpose of use of the grindstone.

On the other hand, the grinding fluid dispersion layer 11 is composed of a fine porous body having finer mesh than the coarse porous body 15.
Inside thereof, a dispersion-use ventilation hole 11A having a non-directional three-dimensional structure is formed over the entire area. Structure is Figure 5
Is the same as that shown in. The average diameter D3 of the dispersing continuous ventilation holes 11A is 1 / the average cell diameter D1 of the coarse porous body 15.
It is preferably not more than 2 times, more preferably not less than 10 μm and not more than ¼ of the average cell diameter D1 of the coarse porous body 15. If it is less than 10 μm, the pressure loss in the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 during grinding is large, and the cutting liquid may cause clogging in the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11, so that the grinding liquid may not be sufficiently supplied to the grinding surface. On the other hand, when it is more than 1/2 times, the dispersion effect of the grinding liquid in the horizontal direction is weak, and the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 1
The grinding liquid may not be uniformly supplied to the entire area of No. 2.

The thickness of the grinding fluid dispersion layer 11 depends on the arrangement interval of the liquid supply passages 13, but as shown in FIG.
2/20 times to 1 times of the liquid supply path aperture L1) and 0.5m
It is preferably m or more. If it is less than 1/20 times the above value or less than 0.5 mm, the effect of dispersing the grinding fluid is poor, and partial unevenness of the fluid is likely to occur. On the other hand, if it is more than 1 time, the flow resistance is too high and the grinding liquid does not easily pass therethrough, and the supply amount may be insufficient.

According to the water-permeable whetstone having the above-mentioned structure, as shown in FIG. 2, when the grinding liquid is sprayed on the side surface of the whetstone during grinding, the grinding liquid is supplied to each of the liquid supply passages 13 by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the whetstone. Through the liquid supply groove 14, spreads all around along the liquid supply groove 14, and then flows into the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11. Since the average pore diameter D3 and the porosity of the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 are much smaller than those of the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12, the grinding liquid spreads in the dispersion layer 11 not only in the thickness direction but also in the plane direction.
It uniformly flows into the abrasive grain layer 12 from a wide range of the surface of the dispersion layer 11, and further flows out from a wide range of the surface of the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 to the ground surface. Therefore, a portion where the grinding liquid is not sufficiently supplied does not occur on the grinding surface, partial clogging is prevented, and the present invention can be suitably used for heavy grinding in which a large amount of chips are generated.

Further, three-dimensionally connected water-permeable pores 12A are formed inside the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12, and the porosity of the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 reaches 30 to 96 vol%, so that water permeability is achieved. The abrasive grain layer 12 has an appropriate elasticity, and the cutting impact of the individual superabrasive grains 17 on the work material is alleviated by the elastic deformation, so that chipping of the work material can be prevented.

Further, in this embodiment, the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 1
The water-permeable pores 12A opened on the second grinding surface serve as chip pockets, and the chips generated on the grinding surface are discharged together with the movement of the grindstone. Hateful. Further, in this example, since the liquid supply groove 14 extending over the entire outer peripheral surface of the base metal 10 is formed,
It is possible to further prevent the non-uniformity of the grinding liquid supply amount.

Next, a method of manufacturing the water-permeable whetstone will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In this method, first, the coarse porous body 15 described above is subjected to a surface catalyzation treatment for promoting metal deposition during electroless plating. This is Au,
In the treatment for imparting a noble metal catalyst nucleus such as Pt, Pd, Ag, etc., the coarse porous body 15 is immersed in a salt solution of the above noble metal such as PdCl ₂ and washed with water. The conditions such as the concentration of the treatment solution, the temperature, and the treatment time at that time may be the same as those in the case where the conventional electroless plating is performed.

Next, a plate or a film-shaped fine porous body 18 for preventing passage of the superabrasive grains 17 is arranged on one surface of the coarse porous body 15 to form a composite porous plate 19. , And fixed to a plating jig 20 as shown in FIG. As the fine porous body 18, a filter paper, a cloth, a membrane filter, a polyurethane foam foam as shown in FIG. 5 or the like whose ventilation holes are sufficiently smaller than the particle size of the superabrasive grain 17 can be used. The plating jig 20 fixes the composite porous body 19 in an airtight manner between the joint portions of a pair of cylindrical bodies 21 and 22 having substantially the same shape as the composite porous body 19.
An electroless plating solution in which superabrasive grains 17 are dispersed is circulated from the side of the coarse porous body 15.

Then, due to the water flow of the electroless plating solution, the superabrasive grains 17 are sequentially accumulated inside the coarse porous body 15 from the surface side in contact with the fine porous body 18, and the superabrasive grains 17 are formed in the individual fibers of the coarse porous body 15. While being pressed, it is taken in by the electroless metal plating phase 16 that is deposited. When the electroless plating method is used in this way, the thickness of the metal plating phase 16 becomes substantially constant over the entire area of the coarse porous body 15, so that the abrasive grains in the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 thus obtained are dispersed. The density and filling amount are uniform. The superabrasive grains 17 are the metal plating phase 16
May be formed in a single layer or may be fixed in multiple layers in the thickness direction.

Next, when the electroless plating is completed, the composite porous plate 19 is removed from the plating jig 20, and the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 1 is removed.
After separating 2 and the fine porous body 18, the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 1
2 is heat-treated at about 300 to 400 ° C. Thereby, the stress accumulated in the metal plating phase 16 can be relaxed, and when the metal plating phase 16 is Ni-P, Ni-B, etc., the metal plating phase 16 can be hardened and a porous body can be formed. A part of the constituent resin is removed. However, this heat treatment can be omitted.

Next, while the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is cut into an appropriate shape, the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base metal 10.
The fine porous body is wound and bonded, and the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is wound around and bonded to the outer periphery thereof to obtain the grindstone of the embodiment. As a method of joining the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 and the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12, a method of applying an adhesive such as an epoxy-based adhesive to the joint surface and adhering it can be used. Care must be taken not to close the pores.

According to such a manufacturing method, the abrasive grain dispersion density and the embedding amount in the water permeable abrasive grain layer 12 become uniform, and the abrasive grains are evenly distributed in the thickness direction of the water permeable abrasive grain layer 12 to form a multilayer structure. Can be placed. Therefore, even if the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is worn, the sharpness and the abrasive grain retaining force do not change, and a grindstone capable of stably providing the entire region of the abrasive grain layer 12 for grinding is obtained. Further, since the fine abrasive particles 18 are used for electrodeposition while maintaining the high density of the superabrasive particles 17 in the coarse porous material 15, the use efficiency of the superabrasive particles 17 is high and the cost of the abrasive particles can be reduced. Also, the life of the grindstone can be extended, the strength of the grindstone can be improved, the elastic modulus of the grindstone can be optimized, and the distribution of the grinding fluid in the abrasive grain layer can be made uniform.

Further, by forcibly circulating the electroless plating solution at the time of forming the abrasive grain layer, even when the electroless plating method having a smaller plating rate than the electrolytic plating method is used, it can be sufficiently put to practical use. High productivity can be obtained. Further, since the porosity and the average cell diameter of the resin porous body 15 such as polyurethane foam can be adjusted in a wide range, the water-permeable pores 12A having an arbitrary cell diameter and porosity can be easily obtained depending on the application of the grindstone. Can be formed.

The water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 can be used as a flat water-permeable or sheet-like water-permeable abrasive stone even if it is not fixed to the base metal as in the above embodiment. The water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 may be directly bonded to the base metal without providing the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 to form an elastic grindstone.

Further, the base metal used in the present invention is not limited to the illustrated wheel type, and may have any shape such as a cup type, a block type and a full-scale grindstone. For example, FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a cup type grindstone. The cup-shaped base metal 10 is formed with a plurality of liquid supply passages 13 extending from the inner wall surface (grinding liquid supply surface) to the lower end surface, and the annular liquid supply liquid connecting the openings of the respective liquid supply passages 13 to the lower end surface. Groove 14
Is formed all around. Further, on the end surface of the base metal 10, a grinding fluid dispersion layer 11 having an annular shape similar to that in the above-described embodiment.
And the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is fixed.

To use this grindstone, the base metal 10 is fixed to the spindle shaft 23, and the liquid supply passage 25 formed inside the spindle shaft 23 is used to make a constant interval in the circumferential direction on the peripheral surface of the flange portion 24. The grinding liquid is jetted from the liquid supply port 26 formed in the direction toward the inner wall surface. Then, the grinding liquid is uniformly supplied to the abrasive grain layer 12 through the liquid supply path 13 by the centrifugal force of the rotation of the grindstone, and the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the coarse porous body 15 and the fine porous body 18 were separated after the electrodeposition, but the fine porous body 18 was previously subjected to the surface catalytic treatment to obtain the fine porous body 1.
8 may also be configured to electrolessly plate over the entire area. In this case, the fine porous body 18 and the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 1
Since the two are integrally joined by the metal plating phase, the fine porous body 18 can be used as it is as the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11.

Next, FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view showing a third embodiment of the water-permeable whetstone according to the present invention. The water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 of this embodiment is characterized in that water-permeable pores 33 are formed between the super-abrasive grains 30 by laminating the super-abrasive grains 30 while bridging them with the metal plating phase 32. .

In order to manufacture such a grindstone, first, a porous body to be the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 is immersed in an electroless plating solution to form a metal coating on the surface of the fiber. Next, the metal-coated porous body is placed in an electrolytic plating bath, and the superabrasive grains whose surfaces are metal-coated in advance by an electroless plating method are dispersed in an electrolytic plating solution.

Then, while the electrolytic plating solution is being stirred, the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 is connected to the power supply cathode, and the anode arranged so as to face the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 is connected to the power supply anode. Then, the metal plating phase 32 is deposited on the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11, and the superabrasive grains 30 contacting the metal plating phase 32 are fixed. When the superabrasive grains 30 are fixed, the superabrasive grains 3
The metal coating 31 of 0 and the metal plating phase 32 are electrically connected, the metal plating phase 32 is subsequently deposited on the metal coating 31, and the adjacent superabrasive grains 30 are bridged, so that between the superabrasive grains 30. Some pores remain. If the proportion of the pores is increased to a certain extent or more, the pores communicate with each other and the water-permeable pores 3 as shown in the figure are formed.
3 is formed.

In order to manufacture the grindstone of the third embodiment, after the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is formed on the substrate such as stainless steel in the electrolytic plating tank, the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is peeled and shaped, and the grinding liquid is used. You may join on the dispersion layer 11 using an adhesive agent.

Next, FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention. Water-permeable abrasive grain layer 1 of this example
No. 2 is characterized in that the superabrasive grains 40 are uniformly dispersed inside the metal plating phase 41, and the water-permeable pores 42 that penetrate the metal plating phase 41 perpendicularly are formed.

In order to manufacture such a grindstone, first of all,
Similar to the example, the porous body to be the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 is dipped in the electroless plating solution to form a metal coating on the surface of the fiber. Next, the metal-coated porous body is placed in an electrolytic plating tank, and the masking member 43 is placed on the surface to be plated.
To place.

The masking member 43 has a support portion 43A in the form of a flat lattice, and a large number of rod-shaped projections 43B protruding vertically from the support portion 43A. It is placed against the layer 11. By performing electrodeposition in this state in the same manner as in the third embodiment, precipitation of the metal plating phase 41 at the contact point is prevented, so that water holes 42 are formed in the abrasive grain layer 12. In this case as well, after the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 is formed on the substrate, the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 may be peeled and shaped to be bonded onto the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention. The structure of the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 of this embodiment is almost the same as that of the fourth embodiment described above, the superabrasive grains 50 are uniformly dispersed in the metal plating phase 51, and the metal plating phase 51 is perpendicular to the metal plating phase 51. The through-hole 52 is formed so as to penetrate therethrough.

In order to manufacture this grindstone, a metal coating is formed on the surface of the fiber of the porous body which becomes the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11, as in the above-mentioned embodiment. Next, the metal-coated porous body is fixed to a ventilation jig and placed in an electrolytic plating tank.
This aeration jig is used for grinding liquid dispersion layer 1 in an electrolytic plating tank.
1 for flowing gas from one surface to the other surface, and is connected to a gas supply source.

Then, an electric current is applied between the anode and the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 to deposit the metal plating phase 51 on the surface of the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 while pressing the back surface side of the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 through a ventilation jig. Air bubbles are ejected from the plated surface. By performing the electrodeposition in this state, the deposition of the metal plating phase 51 is prevented at the bubble generation location, so that the vertical water-permeable pores 52 are formed as shown in the figure.
Are formed almost uniformly. According to this manufacturing method, when the angle of the plated surface is changed during electrodeposition, the abrasive grain layer 1
There is also an advantage that the angle of the water passage holes 52 with respect to the two surfaces can be arbitrarily changed.

Next, FIG. 10 shows a sixth embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention. The water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12 of this example has a structure similar to that of the first embodiment (FIG. 3) described above, and has a constant thickness over the entire surface of the fibers of the coarse porous body 60 such as polyurethane foam. Through the metal plating phase 62 of
The metal plating phase 62
The difference is that whiskers 63 are dispersed therein. The whiskers 63 include SiC, Al ₂ O ₃ , TiC, Si ₃ N ₄
Etc. can be used.

In the whetstone of the sixth embodiment, whiskers 6
Since the rigidity of the metal plating phase 62 is improved by dispersing 3, the metal plating phase 62 on the ground surface may buckle and the water-permeable pores 64 may be collapsed to lower the water permeability when used in heavy grinding. There is no.

Next, FIG. 11 shows a grindstone of a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the superabrasive grains 70 are contained in the metal plating phase 71.
Is dispersed uniformly and in a multi-layered manner, and water-permeable pores 72 having a non-directional three-dimensional network structure are formed in the entire area of the metal plating phase 71.

The average cell diameter D4 of the mesh of the water holes 72 is
3-100 times the average particle size of the superabrasive grain 70, preferably 5
It is supposed to be 30 times. If the average cell diameter D4 is less than 3 times the average particle diameter, the superabrasive grains 70 in the individual cells during electrodeposition described later will be 70.
Since it is difficult for the
The dispersion density of is not uniform. If it is more than 100 times,
The distribution density of the water passage pores 72 opening on the grinding surface is too small,
Water permeability is insufficient.

Further, it is desirable that the average diameter D3 of the dispersion-use ventilation holes 11A of the grinding fluid dispersion layer 11 be 1/2 times or less of the average cell diameter D4. If it is more than 1/2 times, the effect of the grinding fluid dispersion layer 11 for dispersing the grinding fluid in the horizontal direction becomes insufficient.

In order to manufacture the grindstone of the seventh embodiment, first, in the electrolytic plating bath, a resin porous body (not coated with metal) similar to the above is placed on a flat cathode substrate, and the inside thereof is superposed. While dispersing the abrasive grains 70, a metal plating phase 71 was deposited on the cathode substrate, the inside of the cell of the resin porous body was filled to obtain an electrodeposited product, and then the porous body was removed from this electrodeposited product. Water passage pores 72 are formed in the removal traces. As a method for removing the porous body, a method of heating the entire electrodeposited product to decompose and vaporize the porous body, or a method of immersing the electrodeposited product in an alkaline solution to dissolve and remove the porous body are adopted. it can.

In this example, not only the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, but also the water-permeable pores 72 having a relatively small inner diameter, which have a three-dimensional mesh structure, are formed in the whole area of the water-permeable abrasive grain layer 12. Since it is formed non-directionally, the grinding liquid supplied to the abrasive grain layer 12 through the grinding liquid dispersion layer 11 reaches the grinding surface while being dispersed inside the abrasive grain layer 12, The grinding liquid can be supplied more evenly.

The eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is a further improvement of the seventh embodiment. In this example, the metal coating 81 is previously formed on the surface of the superabrasive grains 80, and then the metal plating phase 82 is obtained by applying the same manufacturing method as in the seventh embodiment.
In addition to the water-permeable pores 83, a large number of pores 84 are formed between the superabrasive grains 80 in each cell.

When the pores 84 are formed in the cell as described above, some of the pores 84 communicate with each other and also communicate with the water permeation pores 83, so that the abrasive grain layer 12 becomes more complicated and complicated. The grinding fluid passage is formed, and the dispersion effect of the grinding fluid can be further improved. Moreover, since the density of the chip pockets on the ground surface is improved, the chip discharging property is further improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned respective embodiments, and it is naturally possible to combine the structures of the respective embodiments or add other well-known structures.

[0057]

According to the water-permeable grindstone of the present invention, during grinding,
When the grinding liquid is sprayed onto the grinding liquid supply surface of the base metal, the grinding liquid is introduced into the grinding liquid dispersion layer through the liquid supply passage. Inside the grinding fluid dispersion layer, there are formed non-directional three-dimensional structure dispersion vents throughout the entire area, so that the grinding fluid can pass through the dispersion vents not only in the thickness direction but also on the flat surface. It also spreads in the direction and flows into the water-permeable abrasive grain layer from a wide area on the surface of the dispersion layer. Then, the grinding fluid flows out uniformly from a wide area on the surface of the abrasive grain layer through the water-permeable pores formed inside the water-permeable abrasive grain layer, and is supplied to the grinding surface. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a portion where the grinding liquid is not sufficiently supplied on the ground surface, and it is possible to prevent clogging or heating of the abrasive grain layer due to insufficient supply of the grinding liquid.

On the other hand, in the production method according to the present invention, since electroless plating or electroplating is performed while forcibly passing the dispersion plating solution through the composite porous body, the superabrasive grains are finely porous by the water flow of the dispersion plating solution. The plating proceeds while being captured at the bonding interface with the porous body, sequentially accumulated inside the coarse porous body, and pressed against the individual fibers of the coarse porous body. Therefore, since the superabrasive grains are uniformly taken into the precipitated metal plating phase, the dispersion density of the superabrasive grains and the amount of embedding in the metal plating phase become uniform over the entire area of the coarse porous body. In the water-permeable abrasive grain layer obtained by the method, the sharpness and the abrasive grain retention force do not change even if the wear progresses, and the entire area of the abrasive grain layer can be stably used for grinding. Efficiency is also high. Further, by forcibly circulating the dispersed plating solution, the plating rate can be improved, and high productivity that can be sufficiently put to practical use can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a water-permeable whetstone according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a water-permeable abrasive grain layer of the grindstone.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a method for manufacturing the grindstone.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing an example of a porous body used in the method.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing a second embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of an abrasive grain layer of a third embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of an abrasive grain layer of a fourth embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of an abrasive grain layer of a fifth embodiment of a grindstone of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of an abrasive grain layer of a sixth embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the abrasive grain layer of the seventh embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of an abrasive grain layer of an eighth embodiment of the grindstone of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an abrasive grain layer of a general electrodeposition grindstone.

FIG. 14 is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional grindstone.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 money 11 Grinding liquid dispersion layer 11A Dispersion air vent 12 Water-permeable abrasive layer 12A Passage 13 Liquid supply path 14 Liquid supply groove 15 Coarse porous body 16 Metal plating phase 17 Super Abrasive Grains 18 Fine porous material 19 Composite porous body 20 Plating jig D1 Average cell diameter of coarse porous material D2 Average grain size of superabrasive grains D3 Average diameter of continuous ventilation holes for dispersion 30, 40, 50, 61, 70, 80 Super abrasive grain 31,81 Metal coating 32, 41, 51, 62, 71, 82 Metal plating phase 33, 42, 52, 64, 72, 83 Water vents 43 Masking member 63 whiskers D4 Average pore diameter of water holes

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location B24D 5/14 8813-3C

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A base metal having an abrasive grain layer forming surface and a grinding liquid supply surface, and a dispersion ventilation hole which is provided on the abrasive grain layer forming surface and has a non-directional three-dimensional structure over the entire inside thereof. And a water-permeable abrasive grain layer provided on the grinding-fluid dispersion layer and having a large number of water-permeable pores communicating at least in the thickness direction thereof. The water-permeable whetstone is characterized in that a liquid supply passage having one end opened to the grinding liquid supply surface and the other end opened to the abrasive layer forming surface is formed. 2. The surface of a coarse porous body, wherein the water-permeable abrasive grain layer has a non-directional three-dimensional mesh structure and the average cell diameter of the mesh is 3 to 100 times the average particle diameter of the superabrasive grains. 2. The water-permeable grindstone according to claim 1, wherein a large number of the superabrasive grains are fixed to the inside by a metal plating phase. 3. The water permeable whetstone according to claim 2, wherein the average diameter of the dispersion communicating vents is not more than 1/2 times the average cell diameter of the coarse porous body. 4. In the water-permeable abrasive grain layer, superabrasive grains are dispersed in a metal plating phase, and the water-permeable pores having a non-directional three-dimensional network structure are formed inside the metal plating phase. The water-permeable whetstone according to claim 1, wherein the average cell diameter of the mesh of the water-permeable pores is 3 to 100 times the average particle diameter of the superabrasive grains. 5. The water-permeable whetstone according to claim 4, wherein the average diameter of the dispersion communicating vents is not more than 1/2 times the average cell diameter of the mesh of the water-permeable pores. 6. A conductive metal layer is formed on a flat plate-like coarse porous body having a non-directional three-dimensional mesh structure and having an average cell diameter of the mesh of 3 to 100 times the average particle diameter of superabrasive grains. In addition, a flat-plate-like fine porous body having a non-directional three-dimensional porous structure and having an average pore diameter of 3/4 times or less of the average particle diameter is arranged on the coarse porous body to form a composite. A porous body is constituted, and while the superabrasive grains are dispersed inside the coarse porous body, the dispersion plating solution is passed from the coarse porous body side to the fine porous body side to form a coarse porous body. After the superabrasive grains are fixed on the surface and inside of the body by electroless plating and / or electroplating in the metal plating phase,
A method for producing a water-permeable whetstone, which comprises removing a coarse porous body to which superabrasive particles are fixed and forming a water-permeable abrasive grain layer. 7. The coarse porous body having superabrasive particles adhered thereto is removed from the composite porous body, and then the coarse porous body has a non-directional three-dimensional structure over the entire inside thereof. 7. The method for producing a water-permeable whetstone according to claim 6, wherein the water-permeable whetstone is fixed on a base metal via a grinding liquid dispersion layer having dispersion air vents formed therein. 8. After removing the coarse porous body to which the superabrasive particles are fixed, from the composite porous body, only the coarse porous body is removed from the coarse porous body to which the superabrasive particles are fixed. The water-permeable abrasive grain layer is thereby obtained, and the method for producing a water-permeable abrasive stone according to claim 6, wherein. 9. From a coarse porous material to which superabrasive particles are fixed,
The water-permeable abrasive grain layer obtained by removing only the coarse porous body is passed through the grinding liquid dispersion layer in which the continuous ventilation holes for dispersion having a non-directional three-dimensional structure are formed over the entire area of the table. The method for producing a water-permeable whetstone according to claim 6, wherein the water-permeable whetstone is fixed on gold.