JPH04322901A - Ultrasonic vibration device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the cutting resistance and to prevent abrasion of a tool so as to produce an article with a satisfactory degree of accuracy in a cutting process using a lather, by vibrating a cutting tool with the use of ultra sonic waves. CONSTITUTION:Vibration generated by an ultrasonic wave generator and transmitted through a magnetostrictive vibrator 8 and an exponential horn 7 is transmitted to a cutting tool which is therefore vibrated so as to reduce a cutting resistance. In order to ensure the transmission of vibration, the front end part of the exponential horn 7 is axially worked, and a cutting tool 7 is perforated and is then fixed by means of a friction coupler 12. Since the vibration of the front end of the cutting tool can reduce the cutting resistance to one-half, it is possible to enhance the degree of accuracy in dimensions, and to increase the capacity of cutting in one time by ten times.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to cutting using a machine tool, and particularly to improving the machinability of difficult-to-cut materials.

0002

[Prior art] Conventionally, difficult-to-cut materials such as carbide have been rough-cut using electrical discharge machining and wire cutting, finishing by grinding and cutting, and when higher precision is required, hand-finishing has been used. .

[0003] However, in cutting processing using a lathe etc.
Currently, there are few cutting tools that can handle difficult-to-cut materials such as carbide, and there are considerable restrictions on the shape of the product depending on the processing method.

0004

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In cutting difficult-to-cut materials such as carbide using the above-mentioned lathe, conventional cutting tools and processing techniques do not contribute to improving processing accuracy.

An object of the present invention is to reduce cutting resistance during cutting using a lathe, prevent tool wear, and achieve good shape and dimensional accuracy.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The processing method of the present invention involves cutting a rotating workpiece using a blade that is composed of a lathe and an ultrasonic vibrator and is vibrated by the ultrasonic vibrator mounted on the tool post. Characterized by processing.

[0007]

[Embodiment] The present configuration will be explained below based on FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. As a method to reduce the cutting resistance that occurs when cutting a workpiece with a blade, the blade was vibrated using ultrasonic waves. A vibration generator consisting of an ultrasonic generator 2 in FIG. 1, a magnetostrictive vibrator 8 in FIG. 1, and an exponential horn 7 in FIG. 1 was used. In order to reliably transmit vibration, the tip of the exponential horn is machined into a shaft, and a hole is drilled into the cutting tool.
It was fixed using a friction joint 12.

As a method of fixing the cutter to the lathe tool rest 4 in FIG. 1, the plate 5 in FIG. 1 was fixed with the T nut 10 in FIG. 1 and the screw 9 in FIG. The machine 3 shown in FIG. 1 and the tool holder 1 shown in FIG. 1 were then tightened using T-nuts and screws. The cutter was fixed to the cutter holder with the screw 13 in Figure 1.

The following examples are given below: (1) A test piece of SUS304 round 50 and 100 mm in length is cut, the amount to be cut at one time is 1 mm, and the feed amount per rotation of the test piece is 0.01 mm/0.2 mm from the rotation. /
The rotation speed was 1000 rpm to 4000 rpm, the vibration frequency of the cutter was 20 KHz to 30 KHz, and a carbide cutting tool was used to cut the outer diameter end face. Since there is no longer any connection, it is possible to reduce the chance of chips getting wrapped around the blade and scratches on the cutting surface.

(2) Until now, when cutting carbide, the amount removed in one operation was less than 0.002 mm, and the tool life (cutting length) was several meters.
Amount to be cut at one time is 0.02mm or more, rotation speed is 300rpm to 2000rpm, feed amount per rotation of the test piece is 0.05mm or more, blade vibration is 20KHz to 40KH
z, and a Compax tool was used as the cutter. As a result, the lifespan of the blade was 20 meters or more, and the amount of material cut in one operation was 10 times longer.

(3) Cutting carbide, round 60mm length 50mm
A test piece with an inner diameter of 40 mm and a depth of 40 mm was machined with inner diameter grooves using a coated tip under the same cutting conditions as in the previous section. Dimensional accuracy up to now is plus or minus 0.1m
m, shape accuracy was plus or minus 0.15 mm,
According to the present invention, dimensional accuracy of plus or minus 0.02 mm,
We were able to achieve a shape accuracy of plus or minus 0.05 mm.

0012

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the cutting resistance can be reduced to less than half due to the vibration of the cutting edge, so compared to the conventional fixed blade type, the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy can be reduced to less than half, and the amount of one cutting can be reduced to 10%. The effect is more than double that.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a state in which an ultrasonic vibration device according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a cutter.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the overall view.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a portion where an exponential horn is attached to a cutter.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Bit holder 2 Ultrasonic generator 3 Unit 4 Lathe tool rest 5 Plate 6 Cutting tool 7 Esponential horn 8 Magnetostrictive vibrator 9 Screw 10 T nut 11 Screw 12 Friction joint

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An ultrasonic vibration device that vibrates a cutting tool using ultrasonic waves during cutting.