CN102806360A - Ultrasonic prepositioned one-way vibrating turning method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic prepositioned one-way vibrating turning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102806360A CN102806360A CN2012103163232A CN201210316323A CN102806360A CN 102806360 A CN102806360 A CN 102806360A CN 2012103163232 A CN2012103163232 A CN 2012103163232A CN 201210316323 A CN201210316323 A CN 201210316323A CN 102806360 A CN102806360 A CN 102806360A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic prepositioned one-way vibrating turning method. One end of an amplitude-changing rod is acted on a cutter rod of a turning tool; an acting position of the amplitude-changing rod on the turning tool is between a turning tool nose and a tool rest for mounting the turning tool; the amplitude-changing rod and the cutter rod of the turning tool are not in fastening connection but in contact; the other end of the amplitude-changing rod is connected with an energy converter; the energy converter is electrically connected with an ultrasonic generator; a pressure is applied to the amplitude-changing rod; during a turning process, the amplitude-changing rod is in contact with the cutter rod of the turning tool all the time under the effect of the pressure; the ultrasonic generator is started and an electric oscillation signal is converted into an ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration by the energy converter; after the ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration of the energy converter is amplified by the amplitude-changing rod, the ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration is transferred to the turning tool; no matter how the turning parameters change, the stable output of ultrasonic energy is not directly influenced; and due to the stable output of the ultrasonic energy, a stable vibrating force is obtained by the cutter rod of the turning tool and the vibrating stability and the vibrating turning effect of the turning tool nose are ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of on lathe, workpiece being carried out ultrasonic wave turning, belong to ultrasonic wave turning technical field.
Background technology
Ultrasonic vibration turning is to instigate lathe tool with the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic wave range of vibration frequency f=16-50KHz, amplitude a=10-25 μ m and the turning that little amplitude carries out along cutting direction.Utilize this vibrocutting, can on engine lathe, realize ultraprecise processing, promptly can reach circularity, cylindricity, flatness, the depth of parallelism, linearity, realize with car for mill all near zero error.The turning of using ultrasound ripple has following advantage: 1. cutting force reduces: vibration turning sees it is a kind of pulse cutting from microcosmic; The effective cutting time of cutter in a vibration period is extremely short; Overwhelming majority time cutter separates with smear metal fully in the vibration period; So the common turning of its average cutting force during much smaller than identical cutting parameter, the 1/3-1/10 of cutting force when being about common turning; 2. machining accuracy improves: because vibration turning is a kind of pulse cutting; Cutter separates with workpiece fully; So " cutter relieving " phenomenon when not having common turning, promptly each residing position of cutting moment blade remains unchanged, thereby has improved machining accuracy; Even less than the small depth of cut of 0.01mm, also can carry out Precision Machining by predetermined cutting depth only.Simultaneously, roughness value obviously reduces, and can reach theoretical roughness of surface; 3. cutting temperature keeps room temperature state, is the reason of pulse cutting equally based on vibration turning, cutter not with workpiece and smear metal friction, cut heat and significantly reduce; 4. workpiece does not produce distortion, does not have burr; Part to be processed presents " rigidization ", and the surface of the work after the cutting is the rainbow effect; 5. turning process is stable, effectively eliminates flutter, does not produce built-up edge; The cooling of cutting fluid, lubrication improve; Cutter life improves, and workpiece wearability and corrosion resistance improve.Vibration turning is mainly used in: 1. the processing of difficult-to-machine materials such as heat resisting steel, titanium alloy, constant modulus alloy, high temperature alloy, stainless steel, chilled cast iron, engineering ceramics and granite; 2. process the hardened steel part; 3. moulding turning; 4. slender rod piece and thin-wall part processing; 5. ultraprecise processing; 6. ultra-fine diameter part processing.
Existing ultrasonic vibration turning technology has flexural vibrating ultrasound turning technology shown in Figure 1 and extensional vibration shown in Figure 2-flexural vibrating ultrasound turning technology.Flexural vibrating ultrasound turning technology is: the horn 2 that is connected with transducer 3 directly is fixedly connected on the rear end of lathe tool 1; Horn 2 is consistent with lathe tool 1 direction,, protective sleeve 8 of outer setting of horn 2 and transducer 3; Transducer 3 links to each other with supersonic generator; Transducer 3 converts the electric oscillation signal to the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation, and horn 2 passes to lathe tool 1 after the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation of transducer 3 are amplified, and promotes cutter head and does flexural vibrations.Extensional vibration-flexural vibrating ultrasound turning technology is the rear portion (between the rear end and knife rest 4 of lathe tool 1) that the horn 2 that is connected with transducer 3 is connected lathe tool 1 through the bolt vertical fixing.This dual mode all is that horn 2 and lathe tool 1 are connected to one, with lathe tool 1 through bolt 5 and briquetting 7 clampings on knife rest 4, the pressure spot A and the B that act on the lathe tool 1 through bolt and briquetting simultaneously must be on the nodes that ultrasonic wave is exported.Horn 2 produces ultrasonic vibration to lathe tool 1 under transducer 3 drives.
Chinese patent document CN101633046B discloses a kind of " special ultrasonic vibration turning device "; Comprise main anchor clamps spare, inferior anchor clamps spare base plate, inferior anchor clamps spare pressing plate and node pad; Main anchor clamps spare is connected with an end fixed vertical of time anchor clamps spare base plate; Inferior anchor clamps spare pressing plate is fixedly connected with time anchor clamps spare base plate and is parallel to each other, and the node spacers is arranged on time anchor clamps spare base plate and is right against time anchor clamps spare pressing plate.The node location of node pad is identical with the node location of lathe tool; The nodal pitch of node pad is that ultrasonic wave is propagated 1/2 of wavelength in lathe tool; Lathe tool is installed in this isolated plant; Make the position of lathe tool node corresponding with the position of node pad, can realize moving of cutter above-below direction, levelling point of a knife and work centre line are at grade.
Chinese patent document CN101912979A discloses a kind of " the ultrasonic vibration turning system and the method for turning thereof of axial workpiece "; Comprise the special-purpose clamping device of supersonic generator, transducer, modulator, knife bar, blade and ultrasonic vibration cutter; Supersonic generator links to each other with an end of transducer and converts supersonic frequency electric oscillation signal into the mechanical-physical vibration, and the other end of transducer links to each other with an end of modulator, and the mechanical-physical vibration is amplified; The other end of modulator links to each other with knife bar; Knife bar links to each other with blade, and knife bar is fixed in the special-purpose clamping device of cutter, and the special-purpose clamping device of cutter is installed on the knife rest of lathe.Its method for turning is that supersonic generator generates supersonic frequency electric oscillation signal; Through obtaining the high-frequency electrical oscillator signal after the modulator amplification coupling; Convert mechanical oscillation into through transducer, modulator amplifies mechanical oscillation again, through knife bar mechanical oscillation is reached point of a knife or blade; The generation amplitude is 13 microns supersonic frequency vibration, realizes the ultrasonic vibration turning to axial workpiece.
Chinese patent document CN101966596B discloses a kind of " a kind of big L/D ratio variable cross-section slender axles ultrasonic elliptical vibratory method for turning ", is to utilize the ultrasonic elliptical vibratory cutting technology big L/D ratio variable cross-section slender axles to be carried out a kind of novel mechanical processing method of turning processing.This processing method is through adopting the elliptical vibration truning fixture; The technology means that are aided with the segmentation clamping have been saved the turning subsequent handling in turning-Ageing Treatment in traditional processing-grinding; Shorten process time, greatly improved working (machining) efficiency; And processing back draw ratio is that 55 slender axles precision can reach with respect to the center circle pulsation less than 0.013mm, and dimensional accuracy is less than the standard of ± 0.005mm.
Chinese patent document CN201143566 discloses " a kind of vibration lathe tool with compensate function ", is that horn directly is made on the lathe tool, makes the lathe tool vibration.
More than existing ultrasonic vibration turning mode; All be that horn and lathe tool knife bar (or lathe tool) are connected to one; The problem that this mode exists is that when changing, the load characteristic of turning just changes when turning parameter (like linear velocity, cutting depth, the amount of feeding etc.); And the variation of this load directly influences the stability of ultrasonic energy output, and ultrasonic energy output is unstable to be influenced the vibration of lathe tool point of a knife and influence the quality of turning with regard to direct; Even; Under the situation that the cutting force big in load, that lathe tool is suffered is big or load variations is very big, the just very little even not output of ultrasonic energy output, the point of a knife of lathe tool also will vibrate very little even not vibration; During to workpiece turning, do not have the effect of ultrasonic vibration; Simultaneously because pressure spot A on the lathe tool and B must because the restriction of various conditions is difficult to guarantee this point, if satisfied not this requirement, just can't make lathe tool produce ultrasonic vibration on the node of ultrasonic wave output.This also is that up to the present ultrasonic vibration turning does not have the essence reason of industrial applications.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that existing ultrasonic vibration turning technology exists, provide a kind of ultrasonic energy output insensitive to the turning load, make stable, the effective preposition single vibration method for turning of ultrasonic wave of vibration turning of lathe tool point of a knife vibration.
The preposition single vibration method for turning of ultrasonic wave of the present invention is:
One end of horn is acted on the knife bar of lathe tool; Horn acts on position on the lathe tool to be at the lathe tool point of a knife and to install between the knife rest of lathe tool, and horn and the knife bar of lathe tool are not to be fastenedly connected and just to contact, and the other end of horn is connected with transducer; Transducer is electrically connected with supersonic generator; Horn is applied a pressure, in turning process, horn is contacted all the time with the lathe tool knife bar, start supersonic generator through this pressure; Transducer converts the electric oscillation signal to the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation; Horn passes to lathe tool after the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation of transducer are amplified, and makes the lathe tool point of a knife produce vibration, realizes the ultrasonic wave turning to workpiece.
Transducer can also can be piezoelectric ceramic transducer for the flexible transducer of magnetic hysteresis.
Said pressure can apply through spring, hydraulic mechanism or pneumatic mechanism.
Horn and lathe tool knife bar are not fixed together among the present invention; But in the ultrasonic vibration turning process; Through an external pressure; Horn is contacted with the lathe tool knife bar all the time, and what kind of takes place and changes in no matter turning parameter (like linear velocity, cutting depth, the amount of feeding etc.), can be not directly the stable output of ultrasonic energy not be exerted an influence.And the output of stable ultrasonic energy makes the lathe tool knife bar obtain stable vibration force, has guaranteed that the vibration of lathe tool point of a knife is stable, thereby has guaranteed the effect of ultrasonic vibration turning, makes ultrasonic vibration turning really obtain industrial applications.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of existing flexural vibrating ultrasound turning.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of existing extensional vibration-flexural vibrating ultrasound turning.
Fig. 3 is that horn acts on the principle schematic above the lathe tool among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that horn acts on the principle schematic below the lathe tool among the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic that the present invention is applied to vertical lathe.
Among the figure: 1, lathe tool, 2, horn, 3, transducer, 4, knife rest, 5, bolt, 6, workpiece, 7, briquetting, 8, protective sleeve.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 3; The different part of existing ultrasonic vibration turning technology that ultrasonic vibration turning method of the present invention and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 provide is; Be that horn and knife bar (or lathe tool) are for being fastenedly connected in the past; And the present invention be with horn 2 withstand on lathe tool 1 on the knife bar position between lathe tool point of a knife and the knife rest 4, horn 2 is not fixedly connected with lathe tool 1, just contact.Horn 2 is connected on the transducer 3, and transducer is electrically connected with outside supersonic generator.Give 2 one pressure of horn in the turning process, this pressure is applied on the horn 2, and this pressure can apply through spring, hydraulic mechanism or pneumatic mechanism.This pressure acts on the knife bar of lathe tool 1 through horn 2, and making between the knife bar of horn 2 and lathe tool 1 has a pressure all the time, and under this pressure effect, horn 2 contacts with the knife bar of lathe tool 1 all the time.Start supersonic generator; Make transducer 3 convert the electric oscillation signal to the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation; Horn 2 passes to lathe tool 1 after the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation of transducer are amplified, and makes the point of a knife of lathe tool 1 produce the supersonic frequency vibration, realizes the ultrasonic wave turning to workpiece 6.
When on vertical lathe, adopting method of the present invention, horn 2 is as shown in Figure 5 with the relative position of lathe tool 1.
Claims (1)
1. preposition single vibration method for turning of ultrasonic wave is characterized in that:
One end of horn is acted on the knife bar of lathe tool; Horn acts on position on the lathe tool to be at the lathe tool point of a knife and to install between the knife rest of lathe tool, and horn and the knife bar of lathe tool are not to be fastenedly connected and just to contact, and the other end of horn is connected with transducer; Transducer is electrically connected with supersonic generator; Horn is applied a pressure, in turning process, horn is contacted all the time with the lathe tool knife bar, start supersonic generator through this pressure; Transducer converts the electric oscillation signal to the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation; Horn passes to lathe tool after the supersonic frequency mechanical oscillation of transducer are amplified, and makes the lathe tool point of a knife produce vibration, realizes the ultrasonic wave turning to workpiece.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103163232A CN102806360A (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | Ultrasonic prepositioned one-way vibrating turning method |
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| CN2012103163232A CN102806360A (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | Ultrasonic prepositioned one-way vibrating turning method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103480871A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 西安理工大学 | Height-adjustable ultrasonic turning tool clamping device |
| CN105195975A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-30 | 辽阳液压件有限公司 | Method for machining inner surface of cylinder barrel of AGC (automatic gain control) servo cylinder |
Citations (8)
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| JPS4840147B1 (en) * | 1967-12-30 | 1973-11-29 | ||
| JPS5020292B1 (en) * | 1970-04-21 | 1975-07-14 | ||
| JPS5122229B1 (en) * | 1970-03-10 | 1976-07-08 | ||
| JPS5548501A (en) * | 1978-09-30 | 1980-04-07 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Vibration cutting method |
| JPH02172601A (en) * | 1988-12-26 | 1990-07-04 | Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co Ltd | Low temperature ultrasonic vibration cutting method and device therefor |
| RU1770099C (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1992-10-23 | Специальное конструкторское бюро прецизионного станкостроения | Method of cutting tool adjustment |
| JPH04322901A (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1992-11-12 | Seiko Epson Corp | Ultrasonic vibration device |
| CN102728854A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-17 | 赵显华 | Ultrasonic vibratory turning method |
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2012
- 2012-08-31 CN CN2012103163232A patent/CN102806360A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4840147B1 (en) * | 1967-12-30 | 1973-11-29 | ||
| JPS5122229B1 (en) * | 1970-03-10 | 1976-07-08 | ||
| JPS5020292B1 (en) * | 1970-04-21 | 1975-07-14 | ||
| JPS5548501A (en) * | 1978-09-30 | 1980-04-07 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Vibration cutting method |
| RU1770099C (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1992-10-23 | Специальное конструкторское бюро прецизионного станкостроения | Method of cutting tool adjustment |
| JPH02172601A (en) * | 1988-12-26 | 1990-07-04 | Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co Ltd | Low temperature ultrasonic vibration cutting method and device therefor |
| JPH04322901A (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1992-11-12 | Seiko Epson Corp | Ultrasonic vibration device |
| CN102728854A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-17 | 赵显华 | Ultrasonic vibratory turning method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 李祥林等: "《振动切削及其在机械加工中的应用》", 31 May 1985, 北京科学技术出版社, article "变幅杆与刀杆连接的基本要求", pages: 188 - 189 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103480871A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 西安理工大学 | Height-adjustable ultrasonic turning tool clamping device |
| CN103480871B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2016-01-27 | 西安理工大学 | Adjustable for height ultrasonic turning tool clamping device |
| CN105195975A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-30 | 辽阳液压件有限公司 | Method for machining inner surface of cylinder barrel of AGC (automatic gain control) servo cylinder |
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Application publication date: 20121205 |