JPH035847B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH035847B2 JPH035847B2 JP56024404A JP2440481A JPH035847B2 JP H035847 B2 JPH035847 B2 JP H035847B2 JP 56024404 A JP56024404 A JP 56024404A JP 2440481 A JP2440481 A JP 2440481A JP H035847 B2 JPH035847 B2 JP H035847B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- solution
- membrane
- solvent
- semipermeable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002616 plasmapheresis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013040 bath agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 17
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 102000004506 Blood Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010017384 Blood Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001634090 Lilium pumilum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 acetate ester Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940078812 myristyl myristate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000614 phase inversion technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/04—Tubular membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0016—Coagulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/06—Flat membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/087—Details relating to the spinning process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/08—Polysaccharides
- B01D71/12—Cellulose derivatives
- B01D71/14—Esters of organic acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/08—Polysaccharides
- B01D71/12—Cellulose derivatives
- B01D71/14—Esters of organic acids
- B01D71/16—Cellulose acetate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3006880A DE3006880C2 (de) | 1980-02-23 | 1980-02-23 | Plasmaphoresemembran |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56134209A JPS56134209A (en) | 1981-10-20 |
| JPH035847B2 true JPH035847B2 (de) | 1991-01-28 |
Family
ID=6095424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2440481A Granted JPS56134209A (en) | 1980-02-23 | 1981-02-23 | Film comprising cellulose ester and method |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56134209A (de) |
| AT (1) | AT381237B (de) |
| BE (1) | BE887603A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA1184716A (de) |
| CH (1) | CH647419A5 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3006880C2 (de) |
| ES (2) | ES499623A0 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2476500B1 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB2069925B (de) |
| IT (1) | IT1170741B (de) |
| LU (1) | LU83157A1 (de) |
| NL (1) | NL8100701A (de) |
| SE (1) | SE8101127L (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3042110A1 (de) * | 1980-11-07 | 1982-06-16 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Mikroporoese cellulosemembran |
| SE429441B (sv) * | 1982-04-30 | 1983-09-05 | Gambro Dialysatoren | Mikroporost halfibermenbran for plasmaferes, samt sett att framstella membranet |
| JPS60806A (ja) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-05 | Teijin Ltd | 血漿アルブミン選択透過性中空糸膜の製造法 |
| JPS61106168A (ja) * | 1984-10-30 | 1986-05-24 | 帝人株式会社 | 選択透過性中空糸膜及び血漿成分分離用中空糸膜の製造方法 |
| JPS61293469A (ja) * | 1985-06-21 | 1986-12-24 | 帝人株式会社 | 選択透過性中空糸膜及びそれを用いた血漿成分分離器 |
| DE3842822A1 (de) * | 1988-12-20 | 1990-07-05 | Akzo Gmbh | Biocompatible dialysemembran aus einem gemischten polysaccharidester |
| EP0574699A2 (de) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-12-22 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Dialysemembran aus Celluloseacetat |
| EP0570826A1 (de) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-24 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Celluloseacetatmembranen |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51112917A (en) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-10-05 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | A process for producing hollow filaments for use in separation |
| JPS5255719A (en) * | 1975-10-31 | 1977-05-07 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Hollow fibers having selective gas permeability and production thereof |
| JPS5289574A (en) * | 1976-01-23 | 1977-07-27 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Production of hollow filament used for separation |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3709774A (en) * | 1970-05-13 | 1973-01-09 | Gen Electric | Preparation of asymmetric polymer membranes |
| US3724672A (en) * | 1970-07-27 | 1973-04-03 | R Leonard | Asymmetric hollow fiber membranes and method of fabrication |
| US3876738A (en) * | 1973-07-18 | 1975-04-08 | Amf Inc | Process for producing microporous films and products |
| JPS5193786A (en) * | 1975-02-15 | 1976-08-17 | Makurokagatano chukuseni | |
| US4127625A (en) * | 1975-03-27 | 1978-11-28 | Daicel Ltd. | Process for preparing hollow fiber having selective gas permeability |
| GB1566581A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1980-05-08 | Nippon Zeon Co | Hollow fibres and methods of manufacturing such fibres |
| FR2410501A1 (fr) * | 1976-11-15 | 1979-06-29 | Monsanto Co | Membranes a composants multiples pour des separations de gaz |
| JPS546916A (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1979-01-19 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Hollow cellulose fibers and their production |
| JPS5411322A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1979-01-27 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Hollow cellulose fibers and their production |
-
1980
- 1980-02-23 DE DE3006880A patent/DE3006880C2/de not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-02-05 CH CH765/81A patent/CH647419A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-02-13 NL NL8100701A patent/NL8100701A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-02-20 ES ES499623A patent/ES499623A0/es active Granted
- 1981-02-20 BE BE0/203854A patent/BE887603A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-02-20 LU LU83157A patent/LU83157A1/de unknown
- 1981-02-20 CA CA000371435A patent/CA1184716A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-20 ES ES1981267109U patent/ES267109Y/es not_active Expired
- 1981-02-20 IT IT47856/81A patent/IT1170741B/it active
- 1981-02-20 GB GB8105455A patent/GB2069925B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-20 FR FR8103456A patent/FR2476500B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-02-20 SE SE8101127A patent/SE8101127L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-02-23 AT AT0082481A patent/AT381237B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-02-23 JP JP2440481A patent/JPS56134209A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51112917A (en) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-10-05 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | A process for producing hollow filaments for use in separation |
| JPS5255719A (en) * | 1975-10-31 | 1977-05-07 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Hollow fibers having selective gas permeability and production thereof |
| JPS5289574A (en) * | 1976-01-23 | 1977-07-27 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Production of hollow filament used for separation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2476500B1 (fr) | 1988-11-25 |
| BE887603A (fr) | 1981-06-15 |
| CA1184716A (en) | 1985-04-02 |
| NL8100701A (nl) | 1981-09-16 |
| AT381237B (de) | 1986-09-10 |
| GB2069925A (en) | 1981-09-03 |
| FR2476500A1 (fr) | 1981-08-28 |
| ES267109Y (es) | 1983-08-16 |
| JPS56134209A (en) | 1981-10-20 |
| SE8101127L (sv) | 1981-08-24 |
| ES8201432A1 (es) | 1981-12-16 |
| DE3006880C2 (de) | 1986-10-09 |
| ES499623A0 (es) | 1981-12-16 |
| CH647419A5 (de) | 1985-01-31 |
| LU83157A1 (de) | 1981-06-05 |
| DE3006880A1 (de) | 1981-09-03 |
| IT8147856A0 (it) | 1981-02-20 |
| ATA82481A (de) | 1986-02-15 |
| IT1170741B (it) | 1987-06-03 |
| GB2069925B (en) | 1983-08-10 |
| ES267109U (es) | 1983-02-16 |
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