JPH03112417A - Method for cultivating shiitake in mushroom bed and container for cultivating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cultivate the fruit bodies of shiitake (a mushroom) for a shortened maturing period and in improved workability by covering an inner container packed with a medium comprising mainly broad-leaved tree inoculated with shiitake spawn with an outer container, ventilating the containers, spreading the spawn, taking out the inner container, vertically reversing and again culturing the fruit bodies in the outer container. CONSTITUTION:Shiitake spawn is inoculated from upward on the above-mentioned medium packed in an inner container 2, and the inner container is covered with an outer container 1 and ventilated to spread the shiitake spawn. The outer container 1 is removed and the mushroom bed 5 is taken out from the vertically reversed inner container 2. The mushroom bed 5 is placed in the outer container 1 in such a state that the inoculated section of the mushroom bed 5 is downwardly directed. A space is formed between the mushroom bed 5 and the outer container 1 to increase the contact area of the mushroom bed 5 with oxygen, thereby highly promoting the mature in comparison with the conventional bag medium, bottle medium, etc. After the mature, the mushroom bed 5 is taken out from the outer container 1, immersed in water or sprayed with water and subsequently received in a fruit body- generating container 6 in such a state that the inoculated surface is directed on the inner side, thereby allowing to germinate fruit bodies 8 having an uniform size and a good shape from many openings of the container 6.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed and a cultivation container thereof, and particularly to shortening the ripening period in culturing the fungus bed and improving the quality of the fruiting body during fruiting body growth. The present invention relates to a method for cultivating shiitake mushroom beds suitable for improving the quality of the mushrooms, and a container for cultivating the same.

[Conventional technology] Shiitake mushroom logs are cultivated by using logs of broad-leaved trees such as oak and oak, and cutting them into pieces of about 1 meter in length, which are convenient for handling, and planting shiitake mushroom inoculum on so-called hodagi. Place the mushrooms in a forest or under artificial shade to allow the mycelium of the shiitake mushrooms to grow on the logs. If you do it like this.

In the second year, shiitake mushrooms appeared on the logs and could be harvested.

Recently, due to the shortage of logs for bare wood, container cultivation (bag cultivation, bottle cultivation) using fungal beds mainly made of broad-leaved sawdust has begun to be used instead of log cultivation.

That is, a medium is prepared by mixing sawdust from a broad-leaved tree such as oak or oak, nutrient bodies such as rice bran, and water, and the medium is packed in a heat-resistant bag or a polypropylene bottle and sealed with a filter cap. High-pressure sterilization of bacteria in the culture medium,
Inoculum is inoculated into a culture medium in a clean inoculation chamber, and the medium inoculated with the inoculum, that is, the bacterial bed, is cultured in the culture chamber.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When culturing shiitake mushrooms in containers using a fungal bed mainly made of broad-leaved sawdust, as in the prior art described above, the cultivation period for shiitake mushrooms is about 3 months compared to other mushrooms grown on fungal beds. The problem was that it was long.

Specifically, as the bacterial bed matures, it expands,
The container and the bacterial bed came into close contact, making it impossible for them to breathe, which was one of the causes of delayed ripening.

Also, the occurrence of fruiting bodies in conventional fungal bed cultivation.

In the growth staircase, the fruiting bodies are unevenly generated, so thinning work such as bud cutting is required to align the buds of the fruiting bodies, resulting in a time-consuming harvest. This was done in order to solve the problem, and it is a method for cultivating shiitake mushroom beds and cultivation containers that shortens the ripening period in the cultivation process, improves work efficiency, and allows the shape of the fruiting bodies of the mushrooms to be harvested to be uniform. Its purpose is to provide.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the method for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed according to the present invention involves inoculating a seed fungus into a medium mainly composed of broad-leaved tree sawdust, and culturing the fungus bed. In the fungal bed cultivation method, an outer container having an open bottom and an air intake part at the top;
The culture container is equipped with a culture container consisting of an inner container with an open top, and a fruiting body generation container which houses a bacterial bed and germinates fruiting bodies and has a large number of openings formed at equal intervals. Fill the inner container with a culture medium, inoculate the culture medium from the top with the inoculum, cover it with an outer container, and perform the primary culture by ventilating through the air intake part of the outer container. was taken up and placed upside down, and the bacterial bed after the primary culture was placed in the outer container with the inoculated part facing down, keeping a gap, and the secondary culture was matured. , Germination treatment is performed by either immersion or water sprinkling, and the fungal bed is then stored in the fruiting body generation container with the inoculated surface facing inward, and the fruiting bodies are germinated through the numerous openings of this fruiting body generation container. It was designed to encourage them.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the structure of the shiitake mushroom bed cultivation container according to the present invention includes an outer container with an open lower part and an air intake part at the upper part, and an outer container with an open upper part and mainly containing hardwood sawdust. and an inner container filled with a culture medium and formed so that seeds and seedlings can be inoculated from the top, and the outer container can be detachably combined with the outer container so as to cover the upper open part of the inner container and used for the culturing process. It is composed of

More specifically, when the outer container is removed from the inner container, turned upside down, and placed with the top open, and the inner container is used to store a cultured bacterial bed, there is a gap between the bacterial bed and the inner surface of the outer container. The relative dimensions of the inner dimension of the outer container and the outer dimension of the inner container are set so that the inner dimension of the outer container and the outer dimension of the inner container can be maintained.

Further, the structure of the fruiting body generation container is such that the box-shaped container has a storage space for storing a plurality of bacterial beds, and a large number of openings are formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the box.

[Effect] The operation of the above technical means is as follows.

In the primary cultivation process, the inner container is filled with a medium, the seed culture is inoculated into the medium from the top, and the container is then covered with an outer container.

Ventilate through the air intake part of the outer container to spread the bacteria.

Next, in the second culture step, the outer container is removed and placed upside down, the bacterial bed is taken out from the inner container, and the bacterial bed is placed into the outer container with the inoculation part facing down. The reason why the inoculated part is placed downward is to prevent fruiting bodies from forming from the inoculated surface and to allow ripening to occur evenly over the entire bacterial bed.

At this time, a gap is created between the bacterial bed and the inner surface of the outer container, increasing the contact area with oxygen and promoting ripening compared to conventional methods such as bag or bottle cultivation. The ripening period can be shortened by 10 to 15 days by using a main culture container consisting of an outer container and an inner container.

The matured bacterial bed is taken out and subjected to germination treatment by immersion or sprinkling, and then stored in a fruiting body generation container with the inoculated surface facing inward.

Only the fruiting bodies that germinate from the opening will grow, so there is no need to cut (thin) the buds. Also.

Because the openings are evenly spaced, the size of the fruiting bodies is uniform,
Harvesting crops with good shape leads to improved quality.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a culture container used for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the outside of the culture container shown in FIG. Enlarged sectional view, 3rd
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a fruiting body generation container used for mushroom bed cultivation of shiitake mushrooms according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a diagram.

First, the structure of the culture container will be explained.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an outer container made of polypropylene constituting a culture container, and the outer container 1 has an open bottom.
It is box-shaped and has a ventilation filter 3 related to an air intake section at the top.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an inner container made of polypropylene constituting a culture container. This inner container 2 is box-shaped with an open top, and is a container for filling with a culture medium and inoculating seed bacteria as described later.

The internal dimensions of the outer container 1 and the external dimensions of the inner container 2 are set in advance to relative dimensions that can maintain a desired gap between the fungal bed and the inner surface of the outer container in the fungal bed cultivation described below. There is.

The outer container 1 is removably combined to form a culture container so as to cover the upper open part of the inner container 2, and the second
The joint 4 shown in the figure is an example of a removable engagement means.

Next, in FIG. 3, 6 is a fruiting body generating container made of wood, for example, and this fruiting body generating container 6 has a space in a box-like container in which ripened fungal beds 5, which will be described later, are stacked and stored. A large number of open lowers are formed at equal intervals around the outer periphery of the box.

Next, a method for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The numerals shown in FIG. 4 match the numerals of each cultivation container in FIGS. 1 to 3.

In the primary culture step shown in Fig. 4, first, in a clean environment free of contaminants, hardwood sawdust such as oak and olympia, nutrient bodies such as rice bran, and water are mixed in an inner container 2 with an open top. Fill with the medium you made.

After inoculating the seed culture into the medium from the top of the inner container 1, transfer to the outer container 1.
cover with 5a in FIG. 4 shows the inoculation part.

The culture medium, that is, the fungal bed 5 inoculated with the inoculum, is sterilized to remove miscellaneous germs such as mold and bacteria by a known high-pressure sterilization method or the like.

In such a state, the primary culture step is carried out. The fungi-spreading process is a process of spreading mycelium throughout the fungal bed, and culturing is carried out at an environmental (indoor) temperature of 18 to 20°C and humidity of about 75%. At this time, the bacterial bed 5 in the inner container 2 can take in air from the ventilation filter 3 of the outer container 1.

Next, in the secondary culture step shown in FIG. 4, the outer container 1 is removed from the inner container 2, placed upside down, and the inner container 2
Take out the bacterial bed 5 from the container and place it in the outer container 1 with the inoculation part 5a facing down.
put it inside. The reason why the inoculation part 5a is placed downward is to prevent fruiting bodies from forming from the inoculation surface and to allow ripening to occur evenly over the entire bacterial bed.

This secondary culture process is called the ripening process, and is the time when the fungal bed begins to decompose and decay, and the mycelium absorbs the nutrients necessary for the development of shiitake mushrooms. The indoor temperature is controlled at approximately 22 degrees Celsius and the humidity is approximately 75%. Also, at this time, a gap g is created between the fungal bed 5 and the inner surface of the outer container 1, and the area of the fungal bed 5 that comes into contact with oxygen in the air increases, promoting ripening compared to conventional bag or bottle cultivation.

The ripening period can be shortened by 10-15 days.

The matured bacterial bed 5 is taken out from the outer container 1 and subjected to germination treatment by soaking or sprinkling with water.

Thereafter, the fungal bed 5 is placed in the fruiting body generation container 6, and the inoculation surface 5
Store b facing inward (the shaded area in Figure 3 indicates the bacterial bed, and the crosshatched area indicates the inoculation surface).

During the fruiting body development and growth process, the environmental temperature is 10-25℃,
Humidity is controlled at around 80%. The fruiting bodies 8 of Shiitake mushrooms germinate and grow from the many open lowers of the fruiting body generation container 6. Since only the fruit bodies 8 that germinate from the open lower part grow, there is no need to cut (thin) the buds. Also, the openings are equally spaced.

The size of the fruiting bodies 8 of the shiitake mushrooms is also uniform, and shiitake mushrooms with a good shape can be harvested, leading to improved quality.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail, the present invention provides a shiitake mushroom bed that can shorten the ripening period in the culture process, improve work efficiency, and uniformize the shape of the fruiting bodies of shiitake mushrooms to be harvested. A cultivation method and a cultivation container thereof can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a culture container used for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the outside of the culture container shown in FIG. 1 and the joint part of the inner container. Enlarged sectional view, 3rd
The figure is a schematic perspective view of a fruiting body generation container used for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanation showing the process of cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed using the containers It is a diagram. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Outer container, 2... Inner container, 3... Ventilation filter 5... Fungal bed, 5a... Inoculation part, 5b... Inoculation surface, 6... Fruiting body generation container , 7... opening, 8...
fruiting body.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed by inoculating an inoculum into a medium mainly composed of broad-leaved sawdust and cultivating the fungus bed, comprising: an outer container having an open bottom and an air intake part at the top; A culture container consisting of an inner container with an open top, and a fruiting body generation container configured to house a fungal bed and germinate fruiting bodies and having a large number of openings formed at equal intervals; Fill the inner container with a medium, inoculate the seed culture into the medium from the top, cover it with an outer container, and perform the primary culture by aeration through the air intake part of the outer container. Pick it up and place it upside down,
The bacterial bed after the primary culture is placed in the outer container with the inoculated part facing down to maintain a gap, and after the secondary culture is matured, germination treatment is performed by either immersion in water or sprinkling. and further, storing the fungal bed in the fruiting body generation container with the inoculation surface facing inward, and causing the fruiting bodies to germinate through a number of openings of the fruiting body generation container. Method. 2.Equipped with an outer container that is open at the bottom and has an air intake section at the top, and an inner container that is open at the top and is filled with a medium mainly composed of broad-leaved sawdust and formed so that seeds and seedlings can be inoculated from the top, A mushroom bed cultivation container for shiitake mushrooms, characterized in that the outer container is detachably assembled so as to cover the upper open part of the inner container and can be used for a cultivation process. 3. Remove the outer container from the inner container, turn it upside down and place it with the top open, and when storing the cultured bacterial bed in the inner container, keep a gap between the bacterial bed and the inner surface of the outer container. 2. The shiitake mushroom bed cultivation container according to claim 1, wherein the relative dimensions of the inner dimension of the outer container and the outer dimension of the inner container are set such that the inner dimension of the outer container is saturated with water. 4. A fruiting body generation container that stores a matured fungal bed and germinates fruiting bodies, which has a storage space for storing a plurality of fungal beds in a box-like container, and has a large number of openings on the outer peripheral surface of the box. A container for cultivating a shiitake mushroom bed, characterized in that the mushroom beds are formed at equal intervals.