JPH02500600A - How to smelt aluminum alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] How to smelt aluminum alloy field of technology The present invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular removing iron, titanium and zirconium impurities. This invention relates to a method for refining aluminum alloys.

These impurities transfer from the starting H material to the aluminum alloy, increasing its content. This impairs the use properties of the alloy. (Game Pasto Troganov (C, B, 5tr o! Tanov) High strength cast aluminum alloy (Bigb-Stren@th Ca5t Aluminum^l1oys) J, 1985, “Meta Metalurgiya (Metalurgiya) J Publishing House, Moscow,] 24-133 page).

Refined aluminum alloys are used in automobiles, tractors, and installations after being made into alloys. In the manufacture of harvesting combines , engine piston and cylinder heads, high pressure pump bodies, etc. It is useful for casting manufactured articles.

Conventional technology aluminum alloy by passing through a bed made of glass fiber fabric It is well known in the art to refine (verining) Dolmov et al. Flux treatment of aluminum melt and F 1ltration of Aluminum Melts) J , 1980, “Metalurgiya” J Publishing, Mo. Skua, p. 172).

This known method consists of oxide scabs, carbide inclusions (1n melting in aluminum alloys It makes it possible to remove harmful impurities iron, titanium and zirconium caused by In addition, the removal of impurities by known methods does not allow the formation of aluminum alloys during filtration. resulting in a decrease in yield (by 15-20%).

Aluminum-silicon in eutectic composition Methods of refining base alloys to remove iron and titanium impurities are also known in the art. This method uses an aluminum-silicon alloy of eutectic composition with a metal additive - chromium. and manganese, and the melt thus obtained was cooled to 590-660°C. and filtering the cooled melt within the temperature range specified above. , chromium and manganese have a mass ratio of chromium to manganese of (0,1-20") + When equal to 1, the mass ratio of their total amount to the total amount of iron and titanium impurities is (0, 2-1, 1): Each is used in an amount equal to 1. (PCT/ 5t186100023).

The method detailed above does not ensure effective removal of iron and titanium from the alloy ( Only 42-60% of the total amount of iron in the alloy is removed, and titanium is (only 70-90% of that amount is removed); It is not effective in removing zirconium impurities during smelting.

Although the method described above is applicable to the smelting of other types of aluminum alloys, In view of the high rate of loss of aluminum (in the residue on the filter) during transit As seen, it is not effective for the smelting of aluminum-silicon alloys with eutectic compositions. It should be noted that only one can be used.

When refining is performed by the above-mentioned known method, the aluminum-silicon melt ( In other words, the residual content of chromium (in the T liquid) reaches 0.7% by mass, and the residual content of manganese reaches 0.7% by mass. The content reaches 0.65% by weight, which impairs the casting and mechanical properties of the alloy.

Disclosure of invention The purpose of the present invention is to more effectively remove impurities iron, titanium and zirconium, Reduces aluminum loss during filtration and reduces residual content of metal additives in furnace fluids impurities, which makes it possible to widen the range of aluminum alloys to be A method for refining aluminum alloys by removing iron, titanium and zirconium from materials. It is to provide.

This purpose is to prepare aluminum alloys with metal additives - chromium and/or manganese. melting and cooling the resulting melt to a temperature of 590-700°C. and passing the cooled melt through P within the temperature range specified above. A method for refining aluminum alloys by removing impurities such as iron, titanium, and zirconium. According to the present invention, the metals molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium are In the presence of at least one additive.

Melting the aluminum alloy with chromium and/or manganese is performed. and the additive is present in the melt (Mo and/or or W and/or V + Cr and/or Mn): (Ti4Zr in Fe) and a mass ratio equal to 0.2-2.0 of (Mo and/or W and/or V): (C r and/or Mn) in an amount that gives a mass ratio equal to 0.03-10 This is achieved by being

The method according to the present invention more effectively removes impurities iron, titanium and zirconium. (68-91% of the iron is removed from the iron content of the alloy, and the titanium content is 90-95% of the titanium is removed, and the zirconium content is estimated from the zirconium content. 90-95% is removed. ), reducing aluminum loss during filtration by 7-16% to reduce the residual content of metal impurities in the furnace fluid (residual content of chromium). The amount is 0.02-0.12% by weight, and the residual content of manganese is 0.02-0. 2% by mass, and the residual content of molybdenum is from traces to 0.04% by mass. The residual content of ungsten is from trace to 0.05% by mass, and the residual content of vanadium is traces to 0.08% by mass).

The method according to the invention has high exploitation characteristics. -teristics) (Tensile strength 200-350 MP+i, hardness HB 90-140) high quality wide range of cast aluminum alloys (found ryalu--iniue+alloys).

In the method according to the invention, molybdenum, tungs, used as metal additives Ten and vanadium are obtained by refining aluminum alloys to remove harmful impurities. Gives the same improvement effect.

Since the properties of these metal additives are similar, they can be added together or separately. It can be done. The selection of molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium is generally imperfect. (1ncospleteness). These additives are expensive have receptor capacity and produce persistent clusters. However, the clusters introduce harmful impurities and are difficult to filter through the aluminum melt. It is precipitated on the filter during filtration. Molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium The high melting point of the aluminum alloy is achieved during the process of melting the aluminum alloy together with metal additives. Even cooling the melt to supertemperature (590-700℃) contributes to the appearance of clusters. giving rise to low solubility of the clusters. The above, after filtration of the melt The residual content of impurities iron, titanium and zirconium in the melt is reduced by fenestration. make it possible to reduce

Chromium and manganese contribute to cluster growth and decrease the solubility of those clusters. They also ensure the stability of the cluster.

As mentioned above, in the melt before filtration of the melt, equal to 0.2-2.0 (Mo and/or W and/or V+Cr and/or Mn): (Fe+Ti The metal additives are used in amounts giving a mass ratio of 10 Zr).

Metal additions in amounts such as to give a mass ratio of these additives to said impurities of less than 0.2 In this case, the use of a This is not a good idea as it may result in aggregation. This is harmful in the furnace fluid. This results in a high residual content of impurities, which is due to the casting characteristics of the aluminum alloy. impairs performance and use characteristics.

metals in such amounts as to give a mass ratio of these additives to said impurities of greater than 2.0. The use of additives reduces the P of the melt without it improving the quality of the melt. This results in lower yields of intermediate melt and also makes the refined alloy more expensive. So, it is also a bad idea.

The metal additive (Mo and/or or W and/or V): quality equal to 0.03-10 of (Cr and/or Mn) It must be used in amounts that ensure the ratio.

The use of metal additives in their mass ratio of less than 0.03 in this case Budden, tungsten and vanadium significantly affect the conditions for cluster formation in the melt. harmful impurities from aluminum alloys. It is a bad idea because it is not high enough for effective removal of.

Increasing the mass ratio above 10 substantially improves the removal of harmful impurities. resulting in greater consumption of expensive metals (molybdenum, vanadium) without occurs.

cooling the aluminum melt to a temperature below 590°C, and cooling the aluminum melt to a temperature below 590°C; When passing a melt that has been cooled at It will be done.

Cooling the aluminum melt to a temperature above 700°C and cooling the aluminum melt to a temperature above 700°C Remove harmful impurities from aluminum alloys when handling melts cooled at The effectiveness of cleaning is reduced. Best method for carrying out the invention The aluminum alloy is refined by removing impurities such as iron, titanium, and zirconium. The method is as follows.

Heating furnaces (gas flame type or induction type) Based on aluminum, chromium and/or manganese and molybdenum, A master alloy containing at least one of metals such as tungsten and vanadium is melted. It will be done.

The master alloy is then mixed with the aluminum alloy under stirring in a mixer or induction furnace. melted into ! The alloy contains (Mo and/or W and and/or V+Cr and/or Mn): 0.2-2 of (Fe+Ti+Zr) ．． Mass ratio equal to 0 and (Mo and/or W and/or V):(Cr and/or Mn) is used in such an amount as to give a mass ratio equal to 0.03-10.

Furthermore, the method according to the invention can be performed using metal additives (chromium and/or manganese as well as molybdenum and/or tungsten and/or vanadium) in any master alloy. carried out by melting together with aluminum alloy without preliminary preparation of . In the obtained melt, the above-mentioned metal additives (Mo and/or S are W and/or The value of the mass ratio of V (10 Cr and/or Mn): (Fe + Ti + Zi) and ( Mo and/or W and/or S is V): (Cr and/or Mn) mass ratio Used in quantities whose values are within the range specified above.

The resulting melt is allowed to cool to a temperature of 590-700°C. melt When cooled, ordered structures (o semifluid crystal (sesifluid e rystals) are formed in the crystallographic melt.

The cooled melt consists of a hard material, such as a layer of granular quartz or a glass fiber fabric. Passed through the bed at a temperature of 590-700°C. Metal additives (Cr and/or Mn and MO and/or W and/or harmful impurities (iron, titanium, zirconium) are precipitated on the filter. Ru. The melt (furnace liquid), free of harmful impurities, enters a metal collection vessel.

The method according to the invention applies to aluminum-silicon alloys, aluminum-copper alloys, Various aluminum alloys, such as aluminum and zinc alloys, are used in said alloys. It is possible to refine with various mass ratios between the components.

The required articles are cast from NMed aluminum alloy by conventional methods. be done.

Production rate of aluminum melt at the stage of filtration, oxidation in the residue on the filter aluminum content, harmful impurities iron, titanium and di Efficiency excluding ruconium, metal additives (chromium, manganese, molybdenum, The refining process according to the invention and the PCT/SO output, such as the residual content of vanadium) Technical and economic parameters of the known method disclosed in Application No. 86100023 is determined as follows.

- The yield of the aluminum melt in the filtration stage is - the aluminum alloy before the filtration. The difference between the mass of the aluminum melt and the mass of the residue of the aluminum melt on the filter after filtration is Determined as the quotient divided by the mass of the previous aluminum melt and expressed as a percentage It will be done.

The content of aluminum in the residue on the filter is determined by the sample of the residue on the filter. Determined by chemical or spectroscopic analysis of the material.

The efficiency of removing harmful impurities (iron, titanium, zirconium) from aluminum alloys is , the difference between the content of the above identified impurities in the aluminum melt before and after filtration. and the quotient divided by the content of the above specified impurities in the aluminum melt before passing and Determined by

Metal additives in the filtrate (chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium) The residual content of .mu.) is determined by chemical or spectroscopic analysis of r-liquid samples.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the following practical examples of the present invention! A special example of the aspect is here Technical and economical parameters of the process according to the invention listed below in (Production amount of aluminum melt at P stage, residue on filter The content of aluminum in the aluminum alloy and the efficiency of refining the aluminum alloy are as shown in Example 1-10. have been achieved in its implementation according to and are listed in the table to understand these examples . The table also lists the mechanical strength, hardness and relative elongation (the latter parameter is the alloy Data on ), which indicates the plasticity of The table also includes PCT/ Examples 11 and 1 of the known method disclosed in Stl Ia86700023 Similar technical and economic parameters achieved in its embodiment according to 2. It also shows the mechanical strength, hardness and relative It also shows data on target growth.

Example 1 The following composition in mass%: silicon-12,7, iron-1,2, titanium-0,4, Aluminum alloy with zirconium-0,2, aluminum-residue is refined It will be done.

The following composition in mass %: molybdenum-0,8, tungsten-0,2, A master alloy consisting of ROM-1,2, manganese-2,0, and aluminum-residue is used in an induction furnace. It can be melted with. The melting of the master alloy is carried out at a temperature within the range of 900-1.100°C. It will be done.

The alloy to be refined at a temperature of 780°C and the master alloy at a temperature of 1.100°C enter the mixer. and melted therein under stirring. The resulting melt has a mass % with the following composition: silicon-11,6, iron-1,1, titanium-0,3, zirco Ni-0,15, molybdenum-0,08, tungsten-0,02, chromium- 0,12, manganese-0,2, aluminum-residue. in the melt The mass ratio of (Mo + W + Cr + Mn): (Fe + Ti + Zr) is 0.27. Yes, and the mass ratio of (Mo+Wo):(Cr+Mn) is equal to 0.31. stomach.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 600°C. By cooling the melt , clusters containing harmful impurities (iron, titanium, zirconium) are present in the melt. is formed into.

The melt, cooled to a temperature of 600°C, is passed through the floor of a granular quartz table at this temperature. Sawa is passed through. Clusters containing harmful impurities are precipitated onto the filter.

The refined aluminum melt (lacrimal fluid) enters a metal collection vessel, where the melt is The following composition in %: silicon-11,1, iron-0,3, titanium-0,02, Zirconium-0,01, Chromium-0,02, Manganese-0,03, Molybdenum and tungsten - traces, aluminum - residues.

Example 2 The following composition in mass%: silicon-11,8, iron-0,8, titanium-0,4, Aluminum melt with zirconium-0,2, aluminum-residue is refined be done.

An aluminum alloy of the above composition having a temperature of 820°C is placed in a mixer and stirred. It is melted together with the metal additives - molybdenum and chromium while stirring. Manufactured like this The melt had the following composition, mass%: silicon-11,8, iron-0,8, titanium-0, 4, Zirconium-0,2, Molybdenum-0,01, Chromium-0,33, Aluminum Ni-residue. (Mo+Cr) in the melt: (Fe+Ti+ The mass ratio of Zr) is 0.24 and the mass ratio of Mo:Cr is equal to 0.03.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 610°C, at which temperature the glass fiber fabric is 7 filtered through a bed of matter.

The r-liquid has the following composition in mass%: silicon-11,5, iron-0,25, titanium. -0,02, zirconium -0,01, chromium -0,025 = molybdenum - trace , with aluminum residue.

Example 3 The following composition in mass%: silicon-12,8, iron-2,2, titanium-0,6, Aluminum alloy with zirconium-0,2, aluminum-residue is refined It will be done.

The master alloy is preliminarily melted in an induction furnace. The master alloy contains the following components in mass %: Molybdenum-0,5, vanadium-1,5, manganese-2,0, aluminum Contains Mu residual. Melting is carried out at a temperature of 950-1000°C. 71 Aluminum alloy to be refined with a temperature of 0°C and master alloy with a temperature of 1000°C is placed in a mixer and melted therein under stirring. the resulting melt The material has the following composition in mass%: silicon-11,5, iron-2,0, titanium-0 ,5, zirconium-0,1, molybdenum-0,05, vanadium-0,15, Manganese - ○, 2, aluminum - has a remainder.

The mass ratio of (Mo + Mn): (Fe + Ti + Zr) in the melt is 1, and the mass ratio of (Mo+V):Mn is equal to 0.15.

The melt produced in this way! ! The object is cooled to a temperature of 620°C.

The cooled melt was passed through at this temperature to obtain liquid P.

The furnace liquid had the following composition in mass %: silicon-11,2, iron-〇,4, titanium. -0,04, zirconium-0,01, manganese-0,02, molybdenum and barium Contains traces of sodium and residual aluminum.

Example 4 The following composition in mass%: silicon-12,9, iron-2,0, titanium-0,8, Zirconium - 〇, 3, aluminum melt with aluminum residue smelted be done.

A master alloy is preliminarily produced. The master alloy has the following composition in mass %: Budene-2,0, Tungsten-0,8, Vanadium-2,2, Chromium-0,5 , including the aluminum residue, the master alloy is melted at a temperature of 1100°C.

The combination of an aluminum base metal to be refined with a temperature of 670℃ and a temperature of 1100℃ Gold is melted in a mixer under stirring. The melt produced in this way has a mass % with the following composition: silicon-11,7, iron-1,8, titanium-0,7, zirco Ni-0,25, molybdenum-0,2, tungsten-0,08, vanadium -0,22, chromium-0,05, aluminum-residue. in the melt (M.

+W+V1Cr):(Fe+Ti+Zr) mass ratio is 0.2, (Mo The mass ratio of 10 W+V): Cr is equal to 10.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 645°C. The cooled melt is , at this temperature? through which lachrymal fluid is produced. The furnace liquid has the following mass % The composition is silicon-11,0, iron-0,15, titanium-0,03, zirco Ni-0,02, Molybdenum-0304, Tungsten-trace, Vanadium- 0.06, with traces of chromium, residual aluminum.

Example 5 The following composition in mass %: silicon-24.9, iron-1.1, titanium 0.4. Aluminum alloy with zirconium-0,1, aluminum-residue is refined It will be done.

An aluminum alloy with the same composition and a temperature of 800°C is placed in a mixer, The additives - tungsten, chromium and manganese are melted together with stirring. this The melt produced in this manner had the following composition, mass %: silicon-24.8, iron-1.1, Titanium-0,4, Zirconium-0,1, Tungsten-0,4, Chromium-0, 2, manganese - 0.2, aluminum - has a residual. In the melt (W +Cr+Mn): The mass ratio of (Fe+Ti+Zr) is 0.5, and W: The mass ratio of (Cr + Mn) is equal to 1.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 700°C. The cooled melt is It was filtered at a temperature of , titanium-0.03, zirconium-0.01, tungsten-0.05, chrome Produces a furnace liquor with Mu-0.08, Manganese-0.04, Aluminum-residue. .

Example 6 The following composition in mass %: Silicon-7,0, Iron-1,8, Titanium-0,2, Di Aluminum alloy with ruconium-0,1, aluminum-residue is ms Ru.

An aluminum alloy of the above composition having a temperature of 780°C is placed in a mixer. , dissolved under stirring with metal additives tungsten, vanadium, chromium, and manganese. melted. The melt produced in this way has the following composition in % by weight: silicon -7,0, iron -1,8, titanium -0,2, zirconium -0,1, tungsten −〇.

05, vanadium-0,55, chromium-0,2, manganese-0,1, aluminum has a mu residual. (W◆V+Cr+Mn); (Fe+Ti +Zr) mass ratio is 0.43, and (W+V):(Cr+Mn) The mass ratio is equal to 2.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 640°C. The cooled melt is It was filtered at a temperature of Titanium-0,015, Zirconium-0,01, Tungsten-0,01, Banana Dium-O, OS, Chromium-0,04, Manganese-0,02, Aluminum- Produces residual P solution.

Example 7 The following composition in mass%: silicon-9,0, iron-0,6, titanium-0,1, zirconium An aluminum alloy with -0,1, aluminum-residue is refined.

Aluminum alloy of the above composition with a temperature of 780°C contains metal additives - vanadium It is melted together with aluminum and chromium in a mixer under stirring. manufactured in this way The melt had the following composition in mass %: silicon-9,0, iron-0,6, titanium- 0,1, zirconium-0,1, vanadium-1,0, chromium-0,6, aluminum Ni-residue. (V+Cr) in the melt: (Fe+Ti+ The mass ratio of Zr) is 2 and the mass ratio of V:Cr is equal to 1.67.

The resulting melt was cooled to a temperature of 630°C. The cooled melt is It was filtered at a temperature of , titanium-0,01, zirconium-0,005, vanadium-0,08, chromium This produces a furnace liquor with a 0,12-aluminum residue.

Example 8 The following composition in mass %: fl-6.0, iron-2.6, titanium-〇, 28. Aluminum alloy with 0.15% zirconium and residual aluminum refined be done.

The following composition in mass %: molybdenum-1, vanadium-4, chromium-4, A master alloy consisting of manganese-2 and aluminum-remainder was previously produced in an induction furnace. It will be done. The master alloy is manufactured at a temperature of 1100°C.

The aluminum alloy to be smelted has a temperature of 740°C and a temperature of 1100°C. The master alloy is placed in a mixer and melted therein with stirring. like this The melt produced in , titanium=0.2, zirconium-0.1, molybdenum-0.1, vanadium- 0,4, chromium-0,4, manganese-0,2, aluminum-residual.

In the melt W & material (Mo + V + Cr + Mn): (Fe + Ti + Zr) The mass ratio is equal to 0.39, and the mass ratio of <Mo+V):(Cr+Mr) is 0 ．． Equal to 83.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 650°C. The cooled melt is It was filtered at a temperature of Tan-0,02, Zirconium-0,005, Molybde:y-0,005, Banana Dium-0,08, Ri-D-0,1, Manganese-0,02, Aluminum-residual Produces R-liquid.

Example 9 The following composition in mass%: Salmon-8,0, Iron-1,8, Titanium-05, Zil An aluminum alloy with conium-0,15 and aluminum-residue is refined. Ru.

The following components in mass%: molybdenum-0,5, tungsten-0,5, bar A master alloy consisting of Nadium-2.0, Manganese-10.0, Aluminum-remainder is Prefabricated in an induction furnace. The master alloy is manufactured at a temperature of 1100°C.

The aluminum alloy to be smelted has a temperature of 700℃ and a temperature of 1100℃ The master alloy is placed in a mixer where melting is carried out under stirring. Ru. The melt produced in this way has the following composition in weight percent: Zinc-6,5 , iron-1,5, titanium-0,4, zirconium-〇. 1. Molybdenum-0.05 , tungsten-0,05, vanadium-0,2, manganese-1,0, aluminum Has a residual umum. In the melt (Mo1V1Cr0Mn): (F e+Ti+Zr) is equal to 0.65, (Mo+W+V), the mass ratio of Mn is Equal to 0.3.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 590°C. The cooled melt is It was filtered at a temperature of Tan-0,02, Zirconium-0,005, Molybdenum-trace, Tungsten - with traces, vanadium-0,04, manganese-0,2, aluminum-residues Ru.

Example 10 The following composition in mass%: magnesium-11.0, iron-1.0, titanium- Aluminum alloy with 0,2, zirconium-0,1, aluminum-residue is refined.

An aluminum alloy of the above composition having a temperature of 700°C is placed into a mixer. and melted with stirring along with the metal additives - tungsten and manganese. This way The produced melt had the following composition in mass %: magnesium-11,0 , iron-1,0, titanium-0,2, zirconium-0,1, tungsten-0,2 , manganese-0,6, aluminum-residue. (W+ The mass ratio of Mn): (Fe + Ti + Zr) is equal to 0.6 = Vl' : The mass ratio of Mn is equal to 0.33.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 620°C, after which the melt is The 9P solution filtered at temperature has the following composition in mass %: Magnesium-10 ,3, Iron-0,15, Titanium-0,03, Zirconium-0,01, Tungste It has 0.03% of carbon, 0.2% of manganese, and 0.2% of aluminum.

Example 11 (related to comparison) The aluminum alloy with the composition specified in Example 2 is PCT/SU No. 1! j　86 No. 100023. aluminum The alloy has the following composition in mass %: silicon-11,8, iron-0,8, titanium- 0,4, zirconium-0,2, aluminum-remainder.

The aluminum alloy of the above composition to be smelted with a temperature of 750°C is melted in a melt mixer. (smelting m1xer), each produced in an induction furnace. A matrix of Al-Mn and Al-Cr with temperatures of 800°C and 820°C It is melted together with gold. The master alloy has a mass ratio of chromium to manganese of 0.1:1. When the total mass of chromium and manganese is related to the total mass of impurities iron and titanium, and a mass ratio of 0.2:1.

As a result of melting aluminum alloys with chromium and manganese, the following in mass % The composition is silicon-11,5, iron-0,8, titanium-0,4, zirconium. Mu-0,2, chromium-0,02, manganese-0,22, aluminum-residue A melt is obtained.

The melt thus produced is cooled to a temperature of 590°C, after which the melt is Filtered at temperature.

The resulting furnace fluid has the following composition in weight percent: silicon-11,3, iron- 0,46, titanium-0,12, zirconium-0,15, chromium-0,01, ma - 0.08, aluminum - residual.

Example 12 (related to comparison) An aluminum alloy of the composition described in Example 4 is disclosed in PCT/SU Application No. 861000. It is refined by the method described in No. 23. The aluminum base metal has a mass The following composition in %: Silicon-12,9, Iron-2,0, Titanium-0,8, Zil It has conium-0,3, aluminum-residue. Top with a temperature of 750℃ Aluminum alloys with the following compositions were put into a melt mixer, and each was manufactured in an induction furnace. Al-Cr and Al-Mn manufactured with temperatures of 840°C and 880°C It is melted together with. The master alloy has a chromium to manganese mass ratio equal to 0.5+1. When the total amount of chromium and manganese is related to the total amount of iron impurities and titanium impurities .

It is used in such amounts that the mass ratio is 0.69:1.

As a result, the following composition in mass% was obtained: silicon-12,2, iron-2,0, titanium- 0,8, Zirconium-0,3, Chromium-0,69, Manganese-1,38, Al A melt with a mini-residue is produced.

The resulting melt is cooled to a temperature of 625° C. and then at this temperature P″i k is done. The r-liquid thus obtained had the following composition in mass %: silicon $-1 1,3, iron-0,37, titanium-0,06, zirconium-0,2, chromium-0 , 24, manganese-0,55, aluminum-residue.

(Hereafter, margin) table Table (continued) The table shows the technical and economic parameters of the method according to the invention and of the known method. , these demonstrate the superiority of the method according to the invention.

Therefore, 11.8% by mass of silicon, 0.8% by mass of iron, 0.4% by mass of titanium, An aluminum alloy (Example 2) with 0.2% by mass of conium and the remainder aluminum When refining, according to the method according to the invention, compared to the known method (Example 11): Advantages 1. The production of aluminum melt during the filtration stage can be increased from 97.5% to 98%. 1%, i.e. by 0.6%; 2. Al in the residue on the filter; 3. aluminum content decreased from 64.3% to 49%, i.e. 15.3%. The efficiency of removing iron from Ni alloy was increased from 42.5% to 68.7%, i.e. 26.2%. Increasing the efficiency of removing titanium from aluminum alloys by 4.70% % to 95%, i.e. by 25%; 5. Distillation from aluminum alloy Increasing the ruconium removal efficiency from 25% to 95%, i.e. by 70%. 6. Ultimate @ strength of refined aluminum alloy gth) from 120 MPa to 200 MPa, that is, by 1.6 times. , 7. The hardness (H'B) of the refined aluminum alloy is increased from 60 to 90, that is, 1. Increasing the relative elongation (rel tiveelonFation) (plasticity) from 3.3% to 1.5%, 2 ．． to reduce by a factor of two, is achieved.

In addition to these advantages, the method according to the invention also improves the ability of metal additives in refined alloys to The total residual content of Allow for reduction.

For example, silicon 12.9% by mass, iron 2.0% by mass, titanium 0.8% by mass, zirconia When refining an aluminum alloy consisting of 0.3% by mass of aluminum and the remainder aluminum , the method according to the invention (Example 4) has the following advantages compared to the known method (Example 12): 1. Increase the output of aluminum melt in the filtration stage from 98.0% to 98.2% %, i.e. by 0.2%; 2. Aluminum in the residue on the filter; 3. A reduction in the Ni content from 59.2% to 43%, i.e. by only 16.2%. Increased the efficiency of iron removal from aluminum alloy from 81.5% to 91.6%, i.e. 10.1 4. Increase the efficiency of removing titanium from aluminum alloy by 94%. 5. from aluminum alloy to 95.7%, i.e. by 1.7%. The efficiency of removing zirconium was increased from 33.3% to 92%, i.e. by 58.7%. 6. The ultimate strength of the refined aluminum alloy is increased from 110 MPa to 25 MPa. 0 MPa, i.e. increasing by 2.2 times; 7. Refined aluminum alloy reducing the hardness (HB) of from 60 to 120, i.e. 2.5 times The relative elongation (plasticity) of the aluminum base metal was reduced from 3.7% to 0.5%, that is, It makes it possible to achieve a reduction by a factor of 7.4.

In addition to these advantages, the method according to the invention also improves the ability of metal additives in refined alloys to from 0.79% by mass to 0.1% by mass, i.e. 7.9 cans of liquid and make it possible.

It is noteworthy that the method according to the invention not only applies to eutectic compositions (Examples 1-4) but also to Eutectic compositions (Examples 6-7) and hypereutectic compositions (Examples 6-7) used for the smelting of aluminum-silicon alloys of the composition (Example 5) It is possible. Furthermore, the method according to the invention can be applied to other aluminum alloys, e.g. Examples are aluminum and copper alloy (Example 8), aluminum and zinc alloy (Example 9), It can be used to successfully smelt alloys of aluminum and magnesium (Example 10). Ru.

Apart from the above-mentioned advantages, the method according to the invention is suitable for iron, titanium and zirconium 1 The present invention allows to be concerned with the production of secondary aluminum alloys contaminated with N-refining of these secondary alloys by the method produces a wide range of high quality aluminum alloys. make it possible to build

industrial adaptability The present invention is an aluminum alloy refinement that removes impurities iron, titanium, and zirconium. Useful in non-ferrous metallurgy and mechanical engineering for smelting, the alloy to be smelted is only primary It can also be a secondary alloy.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] Melting aluminum alloys with metal additives chromium and/or manganese , cooling the resulting melt to 590-700°C and impurities including iron, titanium, and In the method of refining aluminum alloys excluding chromium and zirconium, Melting the aluminum alloy with manganese or molybdenum, tan The above is carried out in the presence of at least one additive of the metals Gusten, Vanadium. Metal additives (Mo and/or W and/or V+Cr and/or Mn): quality equal to 0.2-2.0 of (Fe+Ti+Zi) Amount ratio and (Mo and/or W and/or V): 0.0 of (Cr and/or Mn) an impurity characterized in that it is used in an amount giving a mass ratio equal to 3-10 A method of refining aluminum alloys to remove iron, titanium, and zirconium.