AU602038B2

AU602038B2 - Refining of aluminium base alloys from iron, titanium and zirconium

Info

Publication number: AU602038B2
Application number: AU82706/87A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Ivan Mikhailovich Bastryga; Mikhail Ivanovich Gasik; Alexandr Nikolaevich Morozov; Boris Ottovich Vaisman; Alexandr Vladimirovich Ventskovsky
Original assignee: DN METALL Z IM L I BREZHNEVA
Current assignee: Dnepropetrovsky Metallurgichesky Zavod Imeni Librezhneva
Priority date: 1987-08-25
Filing date: 1987-08-25
Publication date: 1990-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2007-08-25
Also published as: JPH02500600A; WO1989001986A1; GB2220214B; GB2220214A; FR2620461A1; GB8908790D0; AU8270687A; FR2620461B1; DE3791001T1; BR8707988A

Description

AJSTRALIA (51)

PATW

(43) 4i-A827Ub P1 BCEM1PHA 9K U CTHHTEJ]JEKTYAJb C B c'l CTMewflyHapHe 0Tp~ 3A5IBKA, OrIYBJIHKOBAHHASI B COOT BRATBT C IJOPO0BOPOM 0 rIATEHTHOI4 KOorIEPALJl4I4 (PCT) (51) Me~iayllapoWaHan ijiaccH4iiicawim (11) Homep Nte;iAVnapoAHofi ny~jumiauii:u WO 89/01986 it3o6peTeHIIA 4: Al (43) ,IjaTa me~IC2yHap02H0f1 ny6JuIKauim: C22C 21/02, 1/06, C22B 9/10 9 mapTa 1989 (09.03.89) (21) Ho~iep MeW yllapojuioii 3aABKII: PCT/SU87/00090 [VAISMAN, Boris Ottovich, Zaporozhie BAG- TPbIFA I4BaH MmxafinoaiWI; 3aniopolcbe 330054, (22),ja~a NmewiiapoZioIf1 no)axiii: yJ1. Yipaim=ca, n, 32, KB. 18 (SU) [BASTRYGA, aar-yC~a 1987 (25.08.87) Ivan Mikhailovich, Zaporozhie (74) Areirr: (71) 3aABnlTeJm: UjHErnPOnETPOBCK14II METAJIJW- CCCP; MOCKja 103735, yn. Kyf16b1Lneaa. 5/2 (SU) fl4IECK4I4 3ABOa 14MEIIH I4 .BPE)KHEBA (THE USSR CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND [SU/SU]; ATHenponeTpoBCK 320635, rip. rarapmHa, INDUSTRY, Moscow g. 4 (SU) [DNEPROPETROVSKY METALLURGI- CHESKY ZAVOD IMENI L.I.BREZHNE VA, Dnepropetrovsk (81) YKa3aiiible rocy2iapcTaa: AU, BR, DE, GB, JP (72) H43o6peTaTeniii: BEH[WKOBCK1II AneKcaHatp Bnaxtii- MI4poB3i4tI; ,AleiponeCTpoBcK 320027, y.T. TA3epicHH- Onry6jmKoaaHa cxoro, a. 35a, icopfl. 2, KB. 11 (SU) [VENTSKOV- C oiqefoMt 0 .4e[)IcdyHapo6HoMf noucKe SKY, Alexandr Viadimirovich, Dnepropetrovsk rAC1HK Mmxa~uI 141al-oB11,1; ,UHenponeT- A. 0.J. P. 1MAY 1989 P0O3CK 320005, yni. 1MepubIuHeBCKoro, R. 15, KCB. 28 (SU) [GASIK, Mikhail Ivanovich, Dnepropetrovsk (SUYI. MOP030B Anexca'.;p HHKoniae~iw; ,RHen- AUSTRALIAN pone-TpOBCK 320106, rip. repoeB, xt 32, KOpri. 1, 6JIOK 1 KB. 6 (SU) [MOROZOV, Alexandr Nikolaevich, Dne- 3 1 MAR 1989 propetrovsk BAI4CMAH Eopiic Or-rowiti; 3anopo)Kbe 330033, nip. JIeHI4Ha, at. 192, KB. 16 (SU) PATENT OFFICE (54) Title: METHOD FOR REFINING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS (54) Ha3lamtue 113o6peTeHuIR: CHOCOB PKPI14HI4POBAHH5I AJ1IOM14HI4EBbIX CrIJIABOB (57) Abstract A method for refining admix tures of iron, titanium and zirconium out of aluminiumn alloys consists in melting an aluminium alloy together with metallic additions chromium and/or manganese as well as with molybdenum and/or tungsten and/or vanadium, these additions being used in such a quantity so as to ensure that the weight ratio (Mo and/or W and/or V Cr and/or Mn) :(Fe Ti Zr) is equal to 0.2-2.0, and the weight ratio (Mo and/or W and/or V) (Cr and/or Mn) is equal to 0.03-10, after which the obtained melt is cooled to 590-7000C and filtered within said temperature interval.

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ABcrpaflHsi Eap6aiioc Benbrwa Sojiap~ii SeHHH Spa3nuHsl UeHTPaznbuoadpHjcacxa Pecriy6nHKa KaHro Wffleiuapwsi KaMepYH 4'eliepaTHB~a~i Pecny6rnHIa rcpmaHH" flaHRn 4(IUHJ1RH1H51 ?ipaHuHsi ra6olH BeriKo6pHTaHHR BCHrptisa 14TaJ1Ha AnfOHHR Kopehccan HaponHio-XUemoicpaTwqecicaa Pecny6rnHKa Kope~cxasi Pecny6nwca JIHXTeHWUTH Wpsi JlaHKa Jlticcem6ypr MoHaKO Ma~aaracKap Mail MaBPHraHsi MailaeH HHncepnaHnbl Hopaertim PyMUHwiR CyaaH wBeuHsl CeHeran COBeTCltiA CaOM l4ai Toro CoenHueHHble WUTaTu AmepmKit VERIFIED TRANSLATION OF Z7 O /87 Process for Refining Aluminium Alloys Field of the Art The present invention relates to the non-ferrous metallurgy, and, more particularly to processes for refining aluminium alloys to remove iron, titanium and zirconium impurities. These impurities pass into aluminium alloys from the starting raw materials and an increased content thereof impair.s the service characteristics of said alloys. (G.B.Stroganov "High-Strength Cast Aluminium Alloys", 1985, "Metallurgic Publishers, Moscow, pp.124-133).

Refined aluminium alloys, after alloying thereof, can be useful in the manufacture of automobiles, tractors and harvetsing combines, for casting shaped articles, such as pistons and heads of cylinders of engines, bodies of high-pressure pumps.

Prior Art Well known in the art are processes for refining aluminium alloys by filtration through a bed of a fiberglass fabric (A.V.Kurdyumov et al., "Flux Treatment and Filtration of Aluminium elts", 1980, "etallurgiya" Publishers, Moscow, p.172).

The known processes permit to remove oxide scabs, carbide inclusions, but do not enable, however, removing harmful impurities of iron, titanium and zirconium, dissolved in aluminium alloys. Furthermore, the removal of impurities by known processes results in a reduced output (by 15-20%) of aluminium alloy upon filtration.

Also known in the art is a process of refining an aluminium-silicon alloy of an eutectic composition to remove iron and titanium impurities, wich resides in smelting of an aluminium-silicon alloy of an eutectic composition with metal additives chromium and mangasALL,/ nese,coolingofthe thus-obtained melt to 590-6600C and l 2 filtration of the cooled melt within the above-specified temperature range; chromium and manganese are used in such quantities that a mass ratio of the total amount to that of iron and titanium impurities be equal to at a mass ratio of chromium to manganese equal to (0.1-20): respectively.(AU 61216/86).

The above specified process does not ensure an effective removal of iron and titanium from the alloy (only 42-60% of the total amount of iron in the alloy is removed, titanium 70 to 90% of its amount in the alloy).

Moreover, this process is not effective in refining of the alloy to remove zirconium impurity.

It should be noted, that the above-mentioned process can be used only for refining of an aluminium-silicon alloy of an eutectic composition, i because application of this process to refining of other kinds of aluminium I alloys is ineffective in view of a high loss of aluminium upon filtration 15 (in residues on the filter).

Upon refining according to the known process the residual content of chromium in the aluminium-silicon melt after filtration thereof i.e in the filter reaches 0.7% by mass, and that of manganese 0.65% by mass, which significantly impairs the casing and mechanical characteristics of the alloy.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION 'I It is the object of the present invention to overcome or substantially ameliorate the above disadvantages.

There is disclosed herein a process for refining aluminium alloys S ""25 from impurities of iron, titanium, and zirconium, comprising smelting of an I aluminium alloy with a metal additive chromium and/or manganese, cooling of the resulting melt to 590-700 0 C, and filtering of the cooled melt within said temperature range, wherein smelting of the aluminium alloy with chromium and/or manganese is carried out in the presence of an additive of 2 30 at least one metal selected from the group consisting of: molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium, said metal additives being used in such an amount as to provide in the melt prior to the filtering thereof a mass ratio (Mo and/or N and/or V+Cr and/or Mn):(Fe+Ti+Zr) equal to 0.2-2.0 and a mass ratio (Mo and/or N and/or V):(Cr and/or Mn) equal to 0.03-10.

37 2 1 rVT Q 3 The process according to the present invention enabled to remove more effectively the impurities of iron, titanium and zirconium (68-91% of iron out of its content in the alloy is removed, titanium 90-95%, zirconium 90-95%), to reduce losses of aluminium upon filtration by 7-16%, to decrease the residual content of metal impurities on the filter (a residual content of chromium 0.02-0.12% by mass, manganese 0.02-0.2% by mass, molybdenum from traces to 0.04% by mass, tungsten from traces to 0.05% by mass, vanadium from traces to 0.08% by mass).

The process according to the present invention permits production of a wide range of high-quality foundry aluminium alloy with high exploitation characteristic (tensile strength 200-350 MPa, hardness HB 90-140.).

Molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium employed as metal additives in the process according to the present invention provide an equivalent improving effect on refining of aluminium alloys for harmful impurities. In view of 15 the fact that the characteristics of these metal additives are similar, they can be introduced either In combination or separately. The choice of molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium is based on incompleteness of the i4 I :l2 KLN/24841 -4d-shell. These additives have a high acceptor ability and produce durable clusters, which incorporate harmful

I

impurities and are settled ou the filter upon filtration of an aluminium melt. High melting temperatures of molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium contribute to the appearance of cluster even in the stage of smelting of an aluminium alloy with metal additives and cause a low solubility of clusters in cooling of the melt to the filtration temperatures (590-700 0 The foregoing makes it possible to significantly reduce the residual content of harmful impurities cf iron, titanium and zirconium in the melt after its filtration.

Chromium and manganese contribute to the grcwth of clusters and to diminution of their solubility, they also ensure stability of the clusters.

As has been mentioned hereinabove, metal additives are used in an amount which provides a mass ratio in the melt before its filtration (Mo and/or W7 and/or V+Cr and/or ecual to 0.2-2.0.

It is inadvisable to use metal additives in such amounts which provide a mass ratio of these additives to said impurities below 0.2, because in this case an incomplete aggregation of harmful impurities into clusters will occur. This results in a high residual content of harmful impurities in the filtrate, which impairs the casting and service characteristics of alumi- .nium alloys.

It is also inexpedient to use metal additives in such amounts which provide a mass ratio of these additives to said impurities above 2.0, because it results in a lower output of the melt during filtration thereof without improving its qualitity and makes the refined alloy more expensive.

The metal additives should 'be used in an amount ensuring a mass ratio thereof in the melt before its filtration (Mo and/or W and/or V):(Cr and/or MIn), equal to 0.03-'10.

L_0 It is inadvisable to use metal additives at their mass ratio below 0.03, since in this case molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium do not produce a marked effect on the conditions of formation of clusters in the melt, and their amount is not high enough for an effective removal of harmful impurities from aluminium alloys.

Increasing of said mass ratio above 10 results in li a greater consum.tion of expensive metals (molybdenum, Svanadium) with out effectively improving the removal of harmful impurities.

In cooling of the aluminium melt to a temperature below 590°C and unon filtration of the cooled melt at a temperature below 590°C losses of the melt upon its filtration are significantly increased.

In cooling of the aluminium melt to a temperature above 700°C and filtration of the cooled melt at a temperature above 7000C the effectiveness of removing harmful impurities from aluminium alloys is lowered.

Eest Way of Carrying the Invention into Effect The process for refining aluminium alloys to remove impurities of iron, titanium and zirconium according to the present invention is conducted in the following manner.

In heating furnaces (gas-flame or induction-type ones) a master alloy is smelted, based on aluminium and .containing chromium and/or manganese, and at least one of such metal as molbdenum, tungsten, vanadium.

Then the master alloy is smelted with an aluminium alloy in a mixer or an induction furnace under stirring.

The master alloy is employed in such an amount which provides, in the resulting melt, a mass ratio (Mo and/or W and /or V+Cr and/or Mn):(Fe+Ti+Zr), eoual to 0.2-2.0, and a mass ratio (Mo and/or W and/or V):(Cr and/or equal to 0.03-10.

U TFurthermore, the process according to the present S' invention can be conducted by smelting metal additives -6- (chronium and/or manganese as well as molybdenum and/or tungsten and/or vanadium) with an aluminium alloy without any preliminary preparation of a master alloy. The above-mentioned metal additives are used in such an amount, that the values of the mass ratio (Lio and/or W and/or V+Cr and/or n):(Fe+Ti+Zr) and the values of the mass ratio (Mo and/or W and/or V):(Cr and/or Mn), in the melt obtained bew.ithin the above-specified limits.

The resulting L-elt is cooled to a temperature of 590-7000C. Upon cooling of the melt clusters are formed therein, which comprise semifluid crystals of an ordered structure, containing harmful impurities (iron, titanium, zirconium).

The cooled melt is filtered at a temperature of 590-7000C through a bed of a hard material, for example, granulated quartzite or fiber-glass fabric. The harmful impurities (iron, titanium, zirconium) bound by the metal additives (Cr and/or and tMo and/or W and/or V) into clusters are settled on the filter The melt (filtrate) refined from the harmful impurities comes to a collecting vessel for the metal.

The process according to the present invention makes it possible to refine various aluminium alloys, such as ah alloy of aluminium with silicon, an alloy of aluminium with copper, an alloy of aluminium with zinc at different mass ratios between said components in the alloys.

The reouired articles ae cast from the refined aluminium alloy by conventional methods.

The technical and economic parameters of the process for refining according to the present invention and of the known process disclosed in PT/SU /Liicsticn 6/023. such as the output of the aluminium melt at the stage of filtration, content of aluminium in the residues on the filter, efficiency of refining aluminium alloys from harmful impurities of iron, titanium L/ and zirconium, residual content of metal additives

NT

L -7- (chromium, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium) in the filtrate are determined in the following manner.

The yield of an aluminium melt at the stage of filtration is determined as a quotient after dividing the difference between the masses of the aluminium alloy before filtration and the residue of the aluminium melt on the filter after filtration by the mass of the aluminium melt before filtration, expressed in percent.

The content of aluminium in the residues on the filter is determined by a chemical or spectral analysis of samples of the residues on the filter.

The efficiency of refinint aluminium alloys from harmful impurities (iron, titanium, zirconium) is determined as a quotient of the difference between the content of the above-specified impurities in the aluminium melt before and after filtration and the content the above-specified impurities in the aluminium melt before filtration, in percent.

The residual content of metrl additives (chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tugnsten, vanadium) in the filtrate is determined by the chemical or spectral analysis of a filtrate sample.

For a better understanding of the present invention the following specific examples of its embodiment are given herein below. The technical and economic parameters of the process according to the present invention (the output of the aluminium melt at the stage of filtration, the content of aluminium in the residues on the filter, the efficiency of refining of aluminium alloys), attained upon its implementation according to Examples 1-10, are given in the table following the examples. In the same table also given are the data on the mechanical strength,hardness and relative elongation of the refined aluminium alloy (the latter parameter illustrates the alloy plasticity). The same table also shows similar technical an d eco c parameters L ^of the known process disclosed infrT/.U AppliAt -8n o.86/0n 23n attained in its embodiment according to Examples 11 and 12, as well as the data on the mechanical strength, hardness and relative elongation of the refined aluminium alloy.

Example 1 An aluminium alloy is refined, which has the following composition, by mass: silicon 12.7, iron 4 1.2, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.2, aluminium the balance.

A master alloy ccnsisting of the following components, by mass: molybdenum 0.8, tungsten 0.2, chromium 1.2, manganese 0.2, aluminium the balance is smelted in an induction furnace. Smelting of the master alloy is conducted at a temperature within the range of 900-1,1000C.

The alloy to be refined at the temperature of 780°C, and the master alloy at the temperature of 1,100 0 C are charged into a mixer and melted therein under stirring.

The resulting melt has the fillowing composition, by mass: silicon 11.6, iron 1.1, titanium 0.15, molybdenum 0.08, tungsten 0.02, chromium 0.2, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio Ti+Zr) in the melt is 0.27, and the mass ratio (Yc-*Vb): (Cr+,Mn) is eq2ul to 0.31.

The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 600 0 C. Upon ooling of the melt clusters are formed therein which contain harmful impurities (iron, titanium, zircorium).

The melt cooled to the temperature of 600 C is filtered at this temperature through a bed of granulated quartzite. The clusters containing harmful impurities are settled on the filter.

The refined aluminium melt '(filtrate) comes a metal-collecting vessel, the melt has the following composition, by mass: silicon 11.1, iron 0.3, Stitanium 0.02, zirconium 0.01, chromium 0.02, iN -9manganese 0.03, molybdenum and tungsten traces, aluminium-the balance.

Example 2 An aluminium melt is refined, which has the following composition, h; by mass: silicon 11.8, iron 0.8, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.2, aluminium the balance.

The aluminium alloy of the above composition having a temperature of 820C0 is placed into a mixer and smelted with metal additives molybdenum and chromium under stirring. The thus-produced melt has the following composition, 5 by mass: silicon 1.G, iron 0.8, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.2, molybdenum 0.01, chromium 0.33, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio (io+Cr):(Fe+Ti+Zr) in the melt is 0.24, the mass ratio Io:Cr is equal to 0.03.

The resulting melt is cooled to the temrerature of 6100C, whereafter it is filtered at this temperature through a bed of a fiber-glass fabric.

The filtrate has the following composition, by mass: silicon 11.5, iron 0.25, titanium 0.02, zirconium.- 0.01, chromium 0.25, molybdenum traces, aluminium the balance.

Example 3 Refined is an aluminium alloy which has the following composition: by mass: silicon 12.6, iron 2.2, Stitanium 0.6, zirconium 0.2, aluminium the balance.

A master alloy is preliminarily melted in an in- 30 duction furnace; it comprises the following components, by mass: molybdenum 0.5, vanadium 1.5, manganese 2.0, aluminium the balance. The melting is conducted at the temperature 950-1,0000C.

The aluminium alloy to be refined having a temperature of. 7100C and the master alloy at the temperature of 1000 C are placed into a mixer and smelted therein A under stirring. The resulting melt has the following composition, by mass: silicon 11.5, iron titanium 0.5, zirconium 0.1, molybdenum 0.05, vanadium 0.15, manganese 0.2, aluminium the balance.

The mass ratio (PMo+V+Mn):(Fe+Ti+Zr) in the melt is equal to 1, the mass ratio (Mo+V):Mn is equal to 0.15.

The thus-produced melt is cooled to the temperature of 62000C. The cooled melt is filtered at this temperature to obtain a filtrate, which has the following composition, by mass silicon 11.2, iron 0.4, titanium 0.04, zirconium 0.01, 'mgaganese 0.02, molybdenum and vanadium traces, aluminium the balance.

Example 4 Refined is an aluminium melt which has the following composition, by mass: silicon 12.9, iron titanium 0.8, zirconium 0.3, aluminium the balance.

A master alloy is preliminary produced, which comprises the following ccmpor.ents, by mass: molybdenum 2.0, tungsten 0.8, vanadium 2.2, chromium aluminium the balance. The master alloy is smelted at a temperature of 1,100 0

C.

The aluminium alloy to be refined having a temperature of 670°C and the master alloy at the temperature of 1,100 C, are smelted in a mixer under stirring. The thus-produced melt has the following composition, ;v by mass: silicon-- 11.7, iron 1.8, titanium 0.07, zirconium 0.25, molybdenum 0.2, turgsten 0.08, vanadium 0.22, chromium 0.05, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio (Mo+?l+V+Cr):(Pe+Ti+Zr) in the melt is 0.2, and the mass ratio (r:o+W+V):Cr is equal to The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 64500. The cooled melt is filtered at this temperature, whereby a filtrate is produced, which has the following composition, 6by mass: silicon 11.0, iron 0.15, titanium 0.03, zirconium 0.02, molybdenum 0.04, tungsten traces, vanadium 0.06, chromium traces, -11aluminium the balance.

Example Refined is an aluminium alloy which has the following composition., by mass: silicon 24.9, iron 1.1, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.1, aluminium the balance.

The aluminium alloy at the temperature of 8000C having the same composition is placed into a mixer and smelted with metal additives: tungsten, chromium and manganese under agitation. The thus-produced melt has the following composition, by mass: silicon 24.8, iron 1.1, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.1, tungsten 0.4, chromium 0.2, manganese 0.2, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio (W+Cr+nn): (e+Ti+Zr) in said smelt is 0.5, the mass ratio W:(Cr+L;n) is eaual to 1.

The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 700 0 C. The cooled melt is filtered at this temperature to give a filtrate having the following composibion, by mass: silicon 21.2, iron 0.2, titanium 0.03, zirconium 0.01, tungsten 0.05, chromium 0.08, manganese 0.04, aluminium the balance.

Example 6 Refined is an aluminium alloy which has the following composition, 0 by mass: silicon 7.0, iron 1.8, titanium 0.2, zirconium 0.1, aluminium the balance.

The aluminium alloy of the above composition, having a temperature of 780°C, is placed into a mixer and smelted with metal additives tungsten, vanadium, chromium, manganese under agitation. The thus-produced melt has the following composition, by mass: silicon iron 1.8, titanium 0.2, zirconium 0.1, tungsten 0.05, vanadium 0.55, chromium 0.2, manganese 0.1, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio (W+V+Cr+Mn):(Pe+Ti+Zr) in the melt is 0.43, the mass atio is equal to 2.

9;

L-.

m c L -r -12- The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 640 0 C. The cooled melt is filtered at this temperature to give a filtrate of the following composition, o by mass: silicon 6.5, iron 0.2, titanium 0.,15, zirconium 0.01, tungsten 0.01, vanadium 0.08, chromium 0.04, manganese 0.02, aluminium the balance.

Example 7 Refined is an aluminium alloy which has the following composition, by mass: silicon 9.0, iron 0.6, titanium 0.1, zirconium 0.1, aluminium the balance.

The aluminium alloy of the above composition having a temperature of 780 0 C is smelted with metal additives: vanadium and chromium in a mixer under stirring.

The thus-produced melt has the following composition, by mass: silicon 9.0, iron 0.6, titanium 0.1, zirconium 0.1, vanadium 1.0, chromium 0.6, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio (V+Cr):(?e+Ti+Zr) in the melt is 2, the mass ratio V:Cr is equal to 1.67.

The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 630 0 C. The cooled melt is filtered at this temperature to give a filtrate which has the following composition, by mass: silicon 7.5, iron 0.12, titanium 0.01, zirconium 0.005, vanadium 0.08, chromium 0.12, aluminium the balance.

Example 8 Refined is an aluminium alloy which has the following composition, by mass: copper 0.6, iron 2.6, titanium 0.28, zirconium 0.15, aluminium the balance.

A master alloy which consists of the following components, 5 by mass: molybdenum 1, vanadium 4, chromium 4, manganese 2, aluminium the balance, is preliminarily produced in an induction furnace. The $i master alloy is produced at the temperature of 1,100 C.

-K,0 -13- The aluminium alloy to be refined having a temperature of 740 0 C, and the master alloy having a temperature of 1,100 0 C are charged into a mixer and smelted therein under stirring. The thus-produced melt has the following composition, by mass: copper 5.3, iron titanium 0.2, zirconium 0.1, molybdenum 0.1, vanadium 0.4, chromium 0.4, manganese 0.2, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio (Mo+V+Cr+MIn) :(Fe+ Ti+Zr) in the melt is equal to 0.39, the mass ratio is equal to 0.83.

The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 650 0 C. The cooled melt is filtered at this temperature to give a filtrate of the following composition, by mass: copper 4.8, iron 0.4, titanium 0,02, zirconium 0.005, mlybdenum-0.005,vanadium-0.08, chromium 0.1, manganese 0.02, aluminium the balance.

Example 9 Refined is an aluminium alloy which has the following composition, by mass: zinc 8.0, iron 1.8, titanium 0.5, zirconium- 0.15, aluminium the balan ce- A master alloy which consists of the following components, by mass: molybdenum 0.5, tungsten vanadium 2.0, manganese 10.0, aluminium the balance is preliminarily produced in an induction furnace.

.The master alloy is producedat hetemperature of 1,100°C.

The aluminium alloy to be refined having a temperature of 700°C and the master alloy having a temperature of 1,100°C, are charged into a mixer, wherein smelting thereof is effected under agitation. The thus-produced melt has the following composition, 0 by mass: zinc iron 1.5, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.1, molybdenum 0.05, tungsten 0.05, vanadium 0.2, manganese 1.0, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio (Mo+W+V+Mn):(Fe+Ti+Zr) in the melt is equal to 0.65, Sthe mass ratio (Mo+W+V):Mn is equal to 0.3.

J o lo L 1 1 1 1 1 1 -14- The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 590 0 C. The cooled melt is filtered at this temperature to give a filtrate which has the following composition, by mass: zinc--5.0, iron 0.3, titanium 0.02, zirconium 0.005, molybdenum traces, tungsten traces, vanadium 0.04, manganese 0.2, aluminium the balance.

Examle An aluminium alloy is refined which has the following composition, -g by mass: magnesium 11.0, iron titaniumn zronium 0.1, aluminium the balance.

The aluminium alloy of the above composition having a temperature of 700 0 C, is charged into a mixer and smelted with metal additives: tungsten and maaganese under stirring. The thus-produced melt has the following ccmposition, by mass: magnesium 11.0, iron titanium 0.2, zirconium 0.1, tungsten 0.2, manganese 0.6, aluminium the balance. The mass ratio in the said melt is ecual to 0.6, the mass ratio W:n. is eaual to 0.33.

The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 620 0 C, whereafter it is filtered at this temperature.

The fil:rate has the following composition, w by mass: magnesium 10,3, iron 0.15, titanium 0.03, zirconium 0.01, tungsten 0.03, manganese 0.2, aluminium the balance.

Example 11 (comparative) An aluminium alloy of the composition,specified in Example 2 is refined by the process described in ,/SLT Arpliicn Tc 86/Q002=. The aluminium alloy has the'following composition by mass: silicon 11.8, iron 0.8, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.2, aluminium the balance.

b The aluminium alloy of the above composition to be -a refined having a temperature of 7500C, is charged into a smelting mixer and smelted with master alloys Al- n and Al-Cr having temperatures 800 0C and 8200C. respectively, which have been produced in an induction furnace.

The master alloys are used in such amounts that the total mass amount of chromium and manganese relates to the total mass amount of the impurities of iron and titanium as 0.2:1 at the mass ratio of chromium to manga- I nese 0.1:1.

As a result of smelting of the aluminium alloy with chromium and manganese a melt is obtained which has the j following composition, by mass: silicon 11.5, iron 0.8, titanium 0.4, zirconium 0.2, chromium 0.02, manganese 0.22, aluminium the balance.

The thus-produced melt is cooled to the temperature of 5900C, whereafter it is filtered at the same temperature.

The resulting filtrate has the following composittion, -O by mass: silicon 11.3, iron 0.46, titanium 0.12, zirconium 0.15, chromium 0.01, manganese 0.08, aluminium the balance.

Example 12 (comparative) An aluminium alloy of the composition described n ExamTpe 4, is refined by the process described in SIT/S'..p li ction o 6. 8 0023. The aluminium alloy -as the following composition, by mass: silicon 12.9, ircn 2.0, titanium zirconium 0.3, S.aluminium the balance.

The aluminium alloy of the above composition having a temperature of 750°C, is charged into a smelting mixer and smelted with master alloy Al-Cr and Al-1an, having temperatures 8400C and 8800C respectively, which have been produced in an induction furnace. The master alloys are used in such amounts that the total amount of chromium and manganese relates to the total amount of iron and titanium impurities as 0.69:1 by mass, at 7 I H- I- Y-i -16the mass ratio of chromium to manganese equal to 0.5:1.

As a result, a melt is produced, which has the following composition, by mass: silicon 12.2, iron titanium 0.8, zirconium 0.3, chromium 0.69, manganese 1.38, aluminium the balance.

The resulting melt is cooled to the temperature of 625°C whereafter it is filtered at this temperature.

The thus-obtained filtrate has the following composition, 1 by mass: silicon 11.3, iron 0.37, titanium 0.06, zirconium 0.2, chromium 0.24, manganese 0.55, aluminium the balance.

-17- Table Parameters "rocess according to the present invention Examples 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 Output of the aluminium melt at the stage of filtration 98.0 98.1 98.4 98.2 97.9 98.2 2 Conbent of aluminium in the residues on the filter, 48.8 49 45 43 35 51 Efficiency of refining the aluminium alloy from, 3 iron 73 68.7 80 91.6 81.8 88.9 4 titanium 93.3 95 92 95.7 92.5 92.5 Zirconium 93.3 95 90 92 90 6 Tensile strength of the refined aluminium alloy, MFa 230 200 210 250 180 280 7 Hardness of the refined aluminium alloy. (HB) 110 90 105 120 140 8 Relative elongation of the refined aluminium alloy, /0 1.0 1.5 1.5 0.5 0.3 _I -L TI i i -18- Process according to the present invention Parameters Process according to. CT/SU Application No.86/00023 Examples Examples 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 Output of the aluminium melt at the stage of filtration 4 98.0 98.1 97.9 97.8 97.5 98.0 2 Content of aluminium in the residues on the filter, 0 50.5 52 53 52.5 64.3 59.2 Efficiency of refining the aluminium alloy from,'A 3 iron 80 84 80 85 42.5 81.5 4 titanium 90 90 95 85 70 94 zirconium 95 95 95 90 25 33.3 6 Tensile strength of the refined aluminium alloy, KPa 240 290 350 320 120 110 7 Hardness of the refined aluminium alloy (HB) 95 80 60 70 60 8 Relative elongation of the refined aluminium alloy, i 2.0 8.5 16.0 12.0 3.3 3.7

F

Iisi-- -19- The table shows the technical and economic parameters of the process according to the present invention and of the known process, which illustrate the advantages of the process according to the present invention.

Thus, upon refining of an aluminium alloy (Example 2) consisting of 11.87 by mass of silicon, 0.8/ by mass of iron, 0.4. by mass of titanium, 0.26 by mass of zirconium, aluminium being the balance, by the process according to the present invention in comparison with the known process the following advantages are achieved (Example 11): 1. Increasing the output of the aluminium melt at the stage of filtration from 97.5 to 98.1w, i.e. by 0.6%.

2. Reduction of the aluminium content in the residues on the filter from 64.3 to 49-, i.e. by 15.3'.

3. Increasing the efficiency of refining of the aluminium alloy from iron from 42.5 to 68.7, i.e. by 2 4. Increasing the efficiency of refining of the aluminium alloy from titanium from 70 to 95., i.e. by Increasing the efficiency of refining of the aluminium from zirconium from 25 to 95-, i.e. 6. Rising the ultimate strength of the refined aluminium alloy from 120 :o 200 ,Pa, i.e. by 1.6 times.

7. Rising the hardness (HB) of the refined aluminium alloy from 60 to 90, i.e. by 1.5 times.

8. Decreasing the relative elongation (plasticity) of the refined allo'y from 3.3 to 1.5w-, i.e. by 2.2 times.

In addition to these advantages, the process according to the present invention enables reduction of the residual total content of metal additives in the refined alloy from 0.09 to 0.0256 by mass, i.e. by 3.6 times.

Upon refining of the aluminium alloy, for example, which consists of 12.97 by mass of silicon, 2.0-6 by q

I

mass of iron, 0.8% by mass of titanium, 0.3- by mass of zirconium, the balance aluminium, the process according to the present invention (Example 4) makes it possible to achieve the following advantages in comparison with the known process (Example 12): 1. Increasing the output of the aluminium melt at the stage of filtration from 98.0 to 98.2w, i.e. by 0.2'.

2. reduction of the aluminium content in the residues on the filter from 59.2 to 43%, i.e. by 16.2%.

3. Increasing the efficiency of refining of the aluminium alloy from iron from 81.5 to 91.6-, i.e. by 10.1 4. Increasing the efficiency of refining of the aluminium alloy from titanium from 94 to 95.7-, i.e.

by 1.7%.

Increasing the efficiency of refining of the aluminium alloy to remove zirconium from 33.3 to 92%, i.e. by 58.76.

6. Increasing the ultimate strength of the refined aluminium alloy from 110 to 250 MPa, i.e. by 2.2 times.

7. Increasing the hardness (HB) of the refined aluminium alloy from 60 to 120, i.e. by 2 times.

8. Decreasing the relative elongation (plasticity) of the refined alloy from 3.7 to i.e. by 7.4 times.

In addition to these advantages, the process according to the present invention makes it possible to reduce the residual total content of metal additives in the refined alloys from 0.79 to 0.1' by mass, i.e.

by 7.9 times.

It should be noted, that the process according to the present invention can be employed for refining of aluminium-silicon alloys both of eutectic composition (Examples hypoeutectic, (Examples 6,7) and hypereutectic (Example 5) compositions. Furthermore, the process according to the present invention can be used successfully for refining other aluminium alloys, for example, an alloy of copper with zinc (Example an e a 1 ir -21alloy of aluminium with zinc (Example an alloy of aluminium with magnesium (Example Apart from the above-mentioned advantages, the process according to the present invention makes it possible to involve into production secondary aluminium alloys contaminated with iron, titanium and zirconium. Refining of these secondary alloys by the process according to present invention makes it possible to produce a wide range of high-quality aluminium alloys.

industrial Applicability The present invention is useful in the non aferrous metallurgy and mechanical engineering for refining aluminium alloys to remove impurities of iron, titanium and zirconium, wherein the alloys to be refined can be both primary and secondary alloys.

UI

7, 0{

Claims

1. A process for refining aluminium alloys from impurities of iron, titanium, and zirconium, comprising smelting of an aluminium alloy with a metal additive chromium and/or manganese, cooling of the resulting melt to 590-700 0 C, and filtering of the cooled melt within said temperature range, wherein smelting of the aluminium alloy with chromium and/or manganese is carried out in the presence of an additive of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of: molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium, said metal additives being used in such an amount as to provide in the melt prior to the filtering thereof a mass ratio (Mo and/or W and/or V+Cr and/or Mn):(Fe+Ti+Zr) equal to 0.2-2.0 and a mass ratio (Mo and/or W and/or V):(Cr and/or Mn) equal to 0.03-10.

2. A process for refining aluminium alloys, the process being substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples with the exception of comparative examples. "DATED this TWENTY-SIXTH day of JUNE 1990 Dnepropetrovsky Metal Patent Attorneys for the Applicant SPRUSON FERGUSON **Apoesfrrfiigauiimalys h rcs en KLN/24841 I t INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT International Application No PCT/SU 87/00090 1 I. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER (if several classification symbols apply, Indicate all) 6 According to International Patent Classification (IPC) or to both National Classification and IPC Int. Cl. C 22 C 21/02, 1/06, C 22 B 9/10 II. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum Documentation Searched 7 Classification System Classification Symbols Int. C1. 4 C 22 C 1/06, 21/02, C 22 B 9/10 Documentation Searched other than Minimum Documentation to the Extent that such Documents are Included In the Fields Searched a III. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT' Category Citation of Document, with Indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages 12 Relevant to Claim No, '3 A R.I. P.agulina et al. "Elektrotermia kremnia 1 i silumina", 1972, Metallurgia, (Moscow) see page 207 A IWO, Al, 83/00508 (ALUMINUM COMPANY OF 1 AMERICA), 17 February 1983 (17.02.83), see pages 5,6 A EP, A2, 0185540, (SUMITOMO LIGHT METAL 1 INDUSTRIES LI4ITED), 25 June 1986 (25.06.86), see pages A US, A, 3849123, Webster, 1 19 November 1974 (19.11.74), see column 3 A US, A, 3765878, (Reynolds Metals Company), 1 16 October 1973 (16.10.73), see column 3 Special categories of cited documents: io later document published after the International filing date document defining the general state of the art which is not or priority date and not in conflict with the application but considered to be of particular relevance invention erstand t rinciple or theory undrlg the I invention earlier document but published on or after the international document of particular relevance; the claimed invention filing date cannot be considered novel or cannot be considered to document which may throw doubts on priority claim(s) or Involve an inventive step which is cited to establish the publication date of another document of particular relevance;' the claimed invention citation or other special reason (as specified) cannot be considered to Involve an inventive step when the document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition or document is combined with one or more other such docu- other means ments, such combination being obvious to a person skilled document published prior to the international filing date but in the art. later than the priority date claimed document member of the same patent family IV. CERTIFICATION Date of the Actual Completion of the International Search I Date of Mailing of this International Search Report February 1988 (15.02.88) 28 April 1988 (28.04.88) International Searching Authority 1 Signature of Authorized Officer ISA/SU Form PCT/ISA/210 isecond sheet) (January 1985, L IIIIII~-~IYI~L~.II' Pr- 96T qdvams) modoie) Olr/VSI/.Z~d vvidocD uliuir ooHehooHUouq utfju iJdo HAiSOMOaU HMVdHH~ev B}IOHOU nOH4 (99*Z09I) 9361 jsimda -qI O-J0HVfdeHAV14 kWHHomdac oJOHqV~ej~e1~ B~"O *IMD"HOe OMHO4U BU OW+ 0.101 H OJO4dr0 MOth 93I4Mowkivok 11HOMA1OV 'H~HHBI H±juif 90 VOH*4U 9 HVHH -VHCOU Oiafl(oEVVrgo 'lgnI-. jinr OHV~gio qjlqg OH)4COrY eHHeleha:) ONVI 'ifHHelodgorm OJOHHOUf -BiSL' qHeOd WHm:)qvelviedqmH Lmhodou siv±v. *H90V4~ HVHPOVOU VAHMWtO4DOH HVH4 V-,4l7yO 5 HHElhoO 8 IHenA4oV 'RDou A.LaVVedU M4 OH -OMOHIa ea0sGnrg OV69HOH HleIH ±l~HIAHI0 .,k -V49H90dA ImHm:)LfevoiedqO9H H HOHG9HGOH ±egbu'VVo OH ONHeledgoEH 8OOHMOVIi~iEMO 4x1ou HVOOeu H OHH -OMfOHIO 9ONS4HV9 0OV0f94iH HHM414 1H LOVUA)40 *8HHeiadqocH WG1OS9eOH:O Aiqd0ooX RH 4 HHd -001HV ILr UHtlHkdu HHHUb*HOu Y~ur 19~~HHeIeaHdU oH 1AH6oups HHr1hodou 9H H e.Laiwdomdu Pqiutf HVH HhetrQU WOH~odVHAV}H9rl 191EV eOOou lHHVGONH4LtAUO 'IHObo 14HVEU 011/09 L VI3hlO 3HHUd38o±3oi1A *Al ,ejmoul icilerr eiUOL- GH 'Hh~tOu Ho~tod -2"AbWOH Iu± OV1 Wt9HHUGo)4HL~AU0 'iHOi&HO -d' -V 'I H OMBUID19 04HHH014Hdu lomi±dmord MtOHIOA M4 ULHM1UuDOHIO 'iHB~OVIXt .0' *(ouueu4A MEN) Xunroti 'AMJAdWd 9 OWMB4!I 9 ±1HObiA)40 OJ0HhOV1t:qD OJ -OJAdV HH~lHHVfQAU 1ittf U HHetf90He±OA 049Ven H:±HVOaHdu I5MdO0)4 WHtH ±O±lHdoodu uH (It)am* -ueuidu c44HOZ VH~n1O(Uidea~ou ±IHOV4HOV1* 1eON 18u1ou WmtH mhie'0u H~oHdeHAbH(Ov AIv UH W1HHUSOM -HmtgAuo oH llHeflAmov HMFiHH~i92U 14MHHHCd 00109 .a' W)4ml4ou A±intedu S4 IiHHDMOHIO* OJOHOSHVQ 99OHUH ±OOVIH OH soMdoioH H)4HH qHerOoA wHr po H~T10Wivo~i9du0 £HanAmo0d- 0 1JIeHON3' )(9HhOV19:WO Hod0Ji9~ 0199000 61 lx@;SCL@q.BA )T 2?,I67l 'V sn v 9 4' o 14dJowo I '(q990,gz)99q6I 'S4X 9z QI=I Sig'umflc -\EI UIvMa ~IHD1 oOIMfl) '0V990 'ZV d T Imdiowo'(Cq*?O*Ij) £96I Yimdaa A 6( yo .*r"aM dO XikIVdRWD INaMnTV) '90900/£C9'IV' OM V I-axq lyafciwIlilmlm 6 VNOMOU fAIVdU X ismmVni5DOWiO *M1H3WAXiOlY '111 ;V;HDU q±igo9 8 IHVOXB leH0 O~qVOOH 'edem 140± 9 'HtH9HePAHN ,WAv4HHHYI 9 I3MSHVOXG OH H HI0HDHOU WP1HHhU9GO 'IIHh1±HeAA14ov 01/6 g z 0 zo0/iz QK/I 0 ?z 0m LY040OU IMOHHOhLBXO 'HmH~1U±H0flH 19AM'1IHMV YNOHOU M1OWUSO 'II -O~LH0 HHOIO±9±0 8 MEN4 HMfH (H).Jyj) HO1Odqocm6M ?Wle44HDOPL ,Hb'VOdUHAbVW8V 0 HHBIU±0O0 G y(039 eiHHA X qHOHW HHCIH00W OH~qI0$OH 110104WH91ndu Wove) BSHHIL3dgOrH Y1N!LSO s5H11yNNMHDyUH I 06000/d.5 1j0:j5. ns/UI xWlB HVOfHA~f(Oy S)4DMOU WOHtfOdVHAttH{Vf 0 .L3h10 ~2' -1 flpOAOnMEHHE TERCTA. HE rIOMECTHBWErou5 HA BT Me1*fAYHaPOAHa~ sansica N2?CT/SU 8 0 9 OPOM JII4CTE'I A US, A, 3765878, (Reynolds Metals company), 16 OIRTROPH 1973 (I6.I0.73), CMOTPI4 ICoAoHIy 3 V. 1-1 3AM9L4AH~1R. KACAIVI±A1ECq BbISIJ1EHHbIx flYHKTOB 0PMYJ1bI. HE nOAI1EX<(Aa4PW flOHCKYI HaCTOALU.Miii OTL~eT 0 meiffAYHaPORHom noMCKe He oxBalTbisaeT HeKOTOPbJx flYHKTOE 0OPMYJ~bI B COOTaeTCl-ei" CO CTaTbek 17(2)(a) no cfleYI0L4Hm npHLIHHam: 1.infYHKTbI COOPMYnh1 T. K. OHM. OTHOCIRTCR K o6-beKTam, no K0TOPbIM HaCTORtLHA OpraH He flPO8.0.wT loMCI a Hmeum 2. 1:1fIYHKTbI C0OPK4YJ1I KN2 T. K. OHM OTHOCRnTC K 'qaCTRM me+A~pAO 3asSKM, HaCToJ~bKo He COOTS eTCTBYIOLIAHm flPe~nHcaHHbIM Tpe6oaHHim, qTO no HHM Hejib3.I flpo8eCTH floJHoL~eH- HbLH flOICK, a MHHO:

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