JPH0154311B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0154311B2 JPH0154311B2 JP56061883A JP6188381A JPH0154311B2 JP H0154311 B2 JPH0154311 B2 JP H0154311B2 JP 56061883 A JP56061883 A JP 56061883A JP 6188381 A JP6188381 A JP 6188381A JP H0154311 B2 JPH0154311 B2 JP H0154311B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stone
- formwork
- mold
- mixture
- producing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical group [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001719 carbohydrate derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
- B28B7/42—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for heating or cooling, e.g. steam jackets, by means of treating agents acting directly on the moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/44—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by forcing cores into filled moulds for forming hollow articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3015432 | 1980-04-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56164058A JPS56164058A (en) | 1981-12-16 |
| JPH0154311B2 true JPH0154311B2 (pt-PT) | 1989-11-17 |
Family
ID=6100647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6188381A Granted JPS56164058A (en) | 1980-04-22 | 1981-04-22 | Stone block manufacture and device |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US4376086A (pt-PT) |
| EP (1) | EP0038552B1 (pt-PT) |
| JP (1) | JPS56164058A (pt-PT) |
| AT (1) | ATE6053T1 (pt-PT) |
| CA (1) | CA1164191A (pt-PT) |
| DE (1) | DE3162090D1 (pt-PT) |
| DK (1) | DK152976C (pt-PT) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0085318B1 (de) * | 1982-01-30 | 1987-09-09 | SICOWA Verfahrenstechnik für Baustoffe GmbH & Co. KG | Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Strangs aus elektrisch leitfähigem Material sowie deren Verwendung |
| SE461203B (sv) * | 1983-01-24 | 1990-01-22 | Svanholm Engineering Ab G | Foerfarande och anlaeggning foer framstaellning av element av gasbetong |
| DE3309402A1 (de) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-09-20 | Sicowa Verfahrenstechnik für Baustoffe GmbH & Co KG, 5100 Aachen | Verfahren zum herstellen von blockfoermigen wandbaustoffen |
| AT384954B (de) * | 1986-09-11 | 1988-02-10 | Simmering Graz Pauker Ag | Hochdruckgefaess mit stampfeinrichtung |
| DE3817831A1 (de) * | 1988-05-26 | 1989-11-30 | Sicowa Verfahrenstech | Verfahren zur herstellung von bloecken |
| US4941813A (en) * | 1988-12-13 | 1990-07-17 | Grubb Jr Lloyd T | Mold guidance system for block making machinery |
| DE4039319A1 (de) * | 1990-12-10 | 1992-06-11 | Sicowa Verfahrenstech | Verfahren zum herstellen von gipsbaustoffen |
| US5534292A (en) * | 1991-09-17 | 1996-07-09 | Mitsuo; Koji | Method for producing and curing hydraulic material |
| DE4141271C1 (pt-PT) * | 1991-12-14 | 1992-11-05 | Sicowa Verfahrenstech | |
| US5286427A (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 1994-02-15 | George Koumal | Method of environmental cleanup and producing building material using copper mine tailings waste material |
| US5397516A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1995-03-14 | Thermo Cement Engineering Corp. | Process for making building panels |
| DE4339137A1 (de) * | 1993-06-08 | 1994-12-15 | Sicowa Verfahrenstech | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wärmedämmaterial |
| US5395228A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1995-03-07 | Columbia Machine, Inc. | Apparatus for forming concrete products |
| DE19525324A1 (de) * | 1995-07-12 | 1997-01-16 | Kobra Formen & Anlagenbau Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formsteinen |
| WO2001019579A1 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2001-03-22 | Air Crete Block, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming lightweight concrete block |
| US6676862B2 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2004-01-13 | Advanced Building Systems, Inc. | Method for forming lightweight concrete block |
| US20050120670A1 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-06-09 | Ness John T. | Masonry blocks and method and system of making masonry blocks |
| US8522694B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2013-09-03 | Oria Collapsibles, Llc | Structural supporting pallet construction with improved perimeter impact absorbing capabilities |
| US8701569B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2014-04-22 | Oria Collapsibles, Llc | Pallet design with structural reinforcement |
| US8167605B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2012-05-01 | Oria Collapsibles, Llc | Production assembly and process for mass manufacture of a thermoplastic pallet incorporating a stiffened insert |
| US8438981B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2013-05-14 | Oria Collapsibles, Llc | Pallet design with buoyant characteristics |
| AT14935U1 (de) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-08-15 | Geolyth Mineral Tech Gmbh | Füllvorrichtung |
| DE102017205822A1 (de) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-11 | Baustoffwerke Löbnitz GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von porösem mineralischen Baumaterial |
| DE102018212322A1 (de) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-01-30 | Baustoffwerke Löbnitz GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Herstellung von porösem mineralischem Baumaterial mit verbesserter Festigkeit |
| CN109747035A (zh) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-14 | 北京新时代寰宇科技发展有限公司 | 一种采用平模工艺生产轻质保温结构一体板的生产方法 |
| WO2022229689A1 (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-03 | Domido Limited | Method of manufacturing building blocks with precise dimensions |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2003702A (en) * | 1935-06-04 | Concrete block making apparatus | ||
| US986701A (en) * | 1908-02-15 | 1911-03-14 | Atlantic Terra Cotta Company | Apparatus for molding clay articles. |
| US1970245A (en) * | 1927-11-25 | 1934-08-14 | Loren E Morse | Process of and machine for making concrete blocks and article made thereby |
| US3144346A (en) * | 1951-12-14 | 1964-08-11 | Dilnot Sidney | Calcium silicate hydrate products |
| US3047908A (en) * | 1960-06-16 | 1962-08-07 | Casius Corp Ltd | Method for the manufacture of steamcured light-weight concrete products |
| US3274309A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1966-09-20 | Schreieck Walter | Method for producing building elements and especially building stones of sintered material or the like |
| AT263598B (de) * | 1966-06-08 | 1968-07-25 | Walter Lanz | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur mechanisierten Herstellung von Hohlsteinen aus Gasbeton |
| AU412135B2 (en) * | 1967-12-18 | 1971-04-01 | Hans Jackel Karl | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of articles from plastic aggregates |
| GB1346767A (en) * | 1970-07-07 | 1974-02-13 | Bevan Assoc | Building materials |
| GB1405178A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1975-09-03 | Mcgregor Sons Ltd Robert | Device for forming holes in concrete slabs and pavements |
| DE2325165A1 (de) * | 1973-05-18 | 1974-11-21 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlblocksteinen |
| GB1438062A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1976-06-03 | Ici Ltd | Lightweight buildding materials |
| DE2526258C2 (de) * | 1975-06-12 | 1986-02-20 | SICOWA Silikat Consulting Wankum GmbH & Co KG, 4171 Wachtendonk | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kalksandsteinen mit geringer Rohdichte |
| US4057608A (en) * | 1976-04-19 | 1977-11-08 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Process of continuous manufacture of light-weight foamed concrete |
| GB1553493A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1979-09-26 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind | Process for preparing calcuim silicate shaped product |
| DE2709858B2 (de) * | 1977-03-07 | 1979-01-04 | Hebel Gasbetonwerk Gmbh, 8080 Emmering | Verfahren zur Herstellung von dampfgehärtetem Gasbeton |
| DE2739181B2 (de) * | 1977-08-31 | 1979-07-19 | Ytong Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hydrothermal gehärteten Gasbeton-Bauteilen, sowie Gasbeton-Bauteil |
| US4229393A (en) * | 1978-08-22 | 1980-10-21 | Karlhans Wesche | Method of producing sand-lime bricks with a low bulk density |
| SE430484B (sv) * | 1980-01-31 | 1983-11-21 | Yxhult Ab | Forfarande for att hos en kropp foretredesvis byggnadsprodukt astadkomma ett ytskikt |
-
1981
- 1981-04-21 DE DE8181103008T patent/DE3162090D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-04-21 EP EP81103008A patent/EP0038552B1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-04-21 AT AT81103008T patent/ATE6053T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-21 CA CA000375779A patent/CA1164191A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-21 DK DK176881A patent/DK152976C/da active
- 1981-04-22 US US06/256,614 patent/US4376086A/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-04-22 JP JP6188381A patent/JPS56164058A/ja active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-12-15 US US06/450,084 patent/US4456449A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-08-19 US US06/898,796 patent/USRE32673E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0038552A1 (de) | 1981-10-28 |
| EP0038552B1 (de) | 1984-02-01 |
| DK176881A (da) | 1981-10-23 |
| DE3162090D1 (en) | 1984-03-08 |
| US4456449A (en) | 1984-06-26 |
| CA1164191A (en) | 1984-03-27 |
| USRE32673E (en) | 1988-05-24 |
| US4376086A (en) | 1983-03-08 |
| JPS56164058A (en) | 1981-12-16 |
| ATE6053T1 (de) | 1984-02-15 |
| DK152976C (da) | 1988-10-17 |
| DK152976B (da) | 1988-06-06 |
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