JPH0150596B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0150596B2
JPH0150596B2 JP56010072A JP1007281A JPH0150596B2 JP H0150596 B2 JPH0150596 B2 JP H0150596B2 JP 56010072 A JP56010072 A JP 56010072A JP 1007281 A JP1007281 A JP 1007281A JP H0150596 B2 JPH0150596 B2 JP H0150596B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
film
vinyl acetate
coating
oriented
coated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP56010072A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS56120343A (en
Inventor
Maikeru Naamiasu Aran
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Oil Corp
Original Assignee
Mobil Oil Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mobil Oil Corp filed Critical Mobil Oil Corp
Publication of JPS56120343A publication Critical patent/JPS56120343A/ja
Publication of JPH0150596B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0150596B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
    • B05D1/265—Extrusion coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
    • B05D7/04—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber to surfaces of films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
    • Y10T428/3192—Next to vinyl or vinylidene chloride polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31924—Including polyene monomers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31928—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、フイルム層を引裂き、または裂開す
ること無しに封止フイルムを再開封できるため
の、剥離可能熱封止を形成できる熱可塑性包装フ
イルムに関する。 熱可塑性フイルムは広範囲な商品の包装に広く
使用されてきており、かつ食料品の包装に広く受
入れられてきた。二軸配向ポリプロピレンは、そ
の優れた光学的および機械的特性、更に優れた水
分遮断特性のために、上記のような使用に特に適
している。しかしながら、このタイプのフイルム
は、広い温度範囲にわたつて良好な熱封止特性を
与えることができないために、包装用に広く使用
することが制限されてきた。この欠点を克服する
ために使用されてきた１つの技術は、フイルムを
成形し配向した後に、フイルム表面に熱封止性皮
膜を塗布することであつた。しかしながら、フイ
ルム配向後におけるこのような被膜の塗布は非常
に経費がかかり、しかも乾燥オープンおよび溶剤
回収装置を含む高価の設備を必要とする。フイル
ム表面へ熱封止性被膜を塗布する別の方法は、ポ
リプロピレン基材上へ熱可塑性表面層を同時押出
しすることである。熱可塑性被膜樹脂は、ポリプ
ロピレンフイルムよりも低い溶融温度を持ち、そ
れによつて積層材料はより低い温度で封止でき
る。同時押出しは、基材ポリプロピレン材料が、
例えば、機械方向のような一方向に既に延伸され
ている段階で行うことができる。この場合、積層
物はその後横方向に配向される。この方法で作ら
れたフイルムは良好な熱封止強度を示すが、共重
合体表面樹脂、例えば、エチレン―プロピレン共
重合体が比較的高い融点を持つので、熱封止でき
る温度範囲は極めて狭い。更に、この被覆フイル
ムの層を相互に封止した後、その被覆フイルムの
層を剥離しようと試みた場合、フイルム層自体が
普通、裂開および引裂かれ、元の包装材料で開封
した包装を再封止することを困難または不可能に
している。 フリーラジカル触媒重合によつて製造された低
密度ポリエチレンの同時押出し被覆層を持つ配向
されたポリプロピレンフイルムが作られている。
ポリエチレン表面層は融点が低いため、より広い
封止範囲が得られる。しかしながら、このフイル
ムはポリエチレン被覆層とポリプロピレン芯層と
の接着が悪く、熱封止操作中に両層が分離する傾
向がある。したがつて、この低密度ポリエチレン
被覆層によつて与えられる封止強度は商業的用途
に要求される最低熱封止強度よりも低い。更に、
このフイルムの曇りおよびつやの水準は未被覆配
向ポリプロピレンベースフイルムのものよりはる
かに低い。 配向したポリプロピレン基材フイルムに適用し
た場合、適用される広い範囲の熱封止温度にわた
つて優れた熱封止強度特性を示す積層構造物を製
造できる樹脂被覆用材料を見出した。更に、これ
らの積層構造物に形成される熱封止は、フイルム
層を破裂または損傷することなく、利用者により
手で剥離できる。 本発明によれば、ポリプロピレン基材表面の被
膜は、エチレン―酢酸ビニル共重合体であり、共
重合体構造中に６ないし20重量％の酢酸ビニルを
持つものである。酢酸ビニルの特に好ましい範囲
は共重合体の６ないし12重量％である。 フイルムは先ずポリプロピレンベースフイルム
を押出し、次いで一つの方向に配向することによ
つて製造する。この一軸配向フイルムを押出しに
よりエチレン―酢酸ビニル共重合体で被覆し、被
覆フイルムを形成する。被覆フイルムを１秒当り
2.8ないし22℃（５〜40〓）の加熱速度で予備加
熱し、その後このフイルムを第二の方向に配向す
る。一般に、フイルムを長手方向に配向し、更に
被覆および予備加熱後に横方向に延伸する。 最終フイルムは製品は、透明かつ低曇りフイル
ムが望しい場合、単層ポリプロピレンフイルムで
あるか、または着色表面層を持つ同時押出しポリ
プロピレン芯のいずれかで良い。フイルムはポリ
プロピレンベースウエツプを押出し、次いで慣用
のフイルム配向技術を用い一連の延伸ロールを通
すことにより機械方向に配向する。配向されたベ
ースシートはエチレン―酢酸ビニル共重合体の薄
層により押出し被覆しても良い。押出し被覆後、
被覆された機械方向に配向されたポリプロピレン
ベースフイルムは次いで予備加熱し、織物用テン
ターのような慣用のフイルム配向装置を用いて横
方向に延伸する。ベースウエツプの横方向の配向
前に予備加熱を制御して、予備加熱工程が１秒当
り11℃（20〓）以下の加熱速度とすることが極め
て望しい。この加熱速度は、横方向への配向前に
おいて温度上昇が行われている時間にわたつての
ウエツプ温度の見かけ平均上昇として定義され
る。換言すれば、実際の横方向への配向前の１秒
間に見掛け平均温度を11℃（20〓）以上上昇して
はならない、ことを意味している。横方向への配
向前の、被覆したポリプロピレンベースシートの
急速な加熱、例えば、１秒当り22℃（40〓）の加
熱では、低い剥離性を与えるような熱封止特性を
特徴とするフイルムしか得られず、かつフイルム
の厚みの均一性も低い。 好しい予備加熱速度は１秒当り2.8ないし22℃
（５ないし40〓）であり、好しくは１秒当り８な
いし14℃（15ないし25〓）の範囲である。この現
象の正しい理由は完全には理解されていない。し
かしながら、１秒当り22℃（40〓）以上の予備加
熱速度は低い剥離性の原因となる。何故ならば、
押出し被覆スキンはこの速度を達成するに必要な
条件下で溶融し、これによつて機械方向へ配向さ
せたシートの表面に浸入し、ある場合には透過し
完全に混合し、この結果横方向への配向後にも完
全に非分離性になる。更に、得られる横方向へ配
向させたウエツプの厚さの均一性はこの低い加熱
速度を維持することにより改善される。これは実
際の横方向への延伸前に、押出し被覆および急冷
工程において引起される不均一な熱的条件を平衡
にする時間が与えられるからである。 共重合被覆層中における酢酸ビニルの好しい含
有量は６ないし10重量％である。共重合体中に過
剰量（10％以上）の酢酸ビニルが存在する場合、
熱封止は弱くなり最低商業的熱封止強度は達成さ
れない。一方、共重合体中に少量、すなわち６％
以下の酢酸ビニルしか存在しない場合、生じる熱
封止は剥離性でなく、封止層を剥離しようとする
と完全な層剥離を起すというより、むしろフイル
ム層の破裂および引裂きを伴う部分剥離が生じ
る。 実施例 以下の実施例は説明のために与えられる。これ
らの実施例においては、エチレン―酢酸ビニル被
覆を持つ二軸配向ポリプロピレンフイルムは押出
し被覆法により製造された。ここでベースポリプ
ロピレンシートを押出し、一連の熱金属ロールを
用いる機械方向に配向した。次いでエチレン―酢
酸ビニル共重合体被覆を第２の押出機により機械
方向に配向したポリプロピレンに溶融被覆として
適用した。適用した被覆を、機械方向に配向した
シートの未被覆面に加圧ロールまたはエアーナイ
フを備えた冷金属キヤスチングロール上に被覆ベ
ースシートを通過させることによりポリプロピレ
ンに接合した。次いで、複合二層ウエツブを、テ
ンター装置を用いて横方向に配向した。得られた
製品は、エチレン―酢酸ビニル共重合体の被覆層
（広範囲な封止温度にわたつて強力かつ剥離性の
封止を与える）を持つ二軸配向ポリプロピレン層
（強度および遮断特性を与える）であつた。 １秒当り約11℃（20〓）の徐熱に使用する技術
は押出し被覆ウエツプの片面または両面について
赤外線加熱機を使用した。これらの加熱機はテン
ターとほぼ並行な断面においてまたは両面におい
て、テンターの前と、押出し後でかつ横方向への
延伸前との両方に設置する。機械方向へ配向した
ウエツプの完全な予備加熱を通して所望速度の加
熱を維持することが重要な要素である。 実施例 １ 37ミクロンのエチレン―酢酸ビニルを被覆した
配向ポリプロピレンフイルムを前述の方法を用い
て製造した。ポリプロピレン樹脂は0.905の比重
および4.5の溶融流動を持つていた。エチレン―
酢酸ビニル被覆層樹脂は４重量％の酢酸ビニル含
量、1.0のメルトインデツクスおよび0.928の比重
を持つていた。樹脂中には慣用の滑剤および抗ブ
ロツキング剤を存在させた。機械方向の配向中に
ベースポリプロピレンフイルムを135ないし150℃
の温度で５：１の延伸比に延伸した。被覆後、機
械方向に配向したポリプロピレンを120ないし155
℃の温度で８：１の比で横方向に延伸した。得ら
れた被覆フイルム製品は全フイルム厚の約25％の
被覆厚を持つていた。 実施例 ２ 被覆が、９％酢酸ビニル含有のエチレン―酢酸
ビニル共重合体であり、この共重合体が3.0のメ
ルトインデツクスおよび0.930の比重を持つてい
る、ことを除き実施例１の方法を繰返した。 実施例 ３ 合計フイルム厚が23ミクロンであり、９％の酢
酸ビニル含有のエチレン―酢酸ビニル共重合体
（メルトインデツクス3.0、比重0.930）および約
10％の被覆厚であることを除き実施例１の方法を
繰返した。 実施例 ４ ９％の酢酸ビニル含量のエチレン―酢酸ビニル
共重合体（3.0のメルトインデツクス、0.930の比
重）で約10％の被覆厚を持ち、合計フイルム厚が
18ミクロンであることを除き、実施例１の方法を
繰返した。 実施例 ５ 酢酸ビニル含量が12％であるエチレン―酢酸ビ
ニル共重合（2.5のメルトインデツクス、0.940の
比重）が被覆である以外は実施例１の方法を繰返
した。 実施例 ６ 横方向への配向前の加熱速度が１秒当り22℃
（40〓）を僅かに越える以外は実施例１の方法を
繰返した。 下記の表１に示すデータは上記実施例によつて
製造された被覆フイルムの物性および被覆フイル
ム製品の熱封止特性である。
【表】 注：VA＝酢酸ビニル； EVA＝エチレン―酢酸ビニル共重合体； MD＝機械方向；TD＝横方向； pd＝部分離層；cd＝完全離層； Ｔ＝フイルム引裂き； WVTR＝水蒸気透過率（38℃、90％相対湿度
に mgH2O／cm2・24時間） エチレン―酢酸ビニル共重合体被覆が低比率
（約４％）酢酸ビニルである実施例１によつて製
造された被覆フイルムの熱封止特性により、熱封
止した場合、封止層の剥離を完了するようには剥
離できなかつた。両層が破裂または引裂きを起す
前には、部分的にしか剥離または剥層できなかつ
た。実施例２，３および４で製造されたフイルム
サンプルに示されるように約９％にまで酢酸ビニ
ル含量を増加した場合、良好な熱封止強度特性を
持つ可剥性封止が得られた。しかしながら、実施
例５に示されるように酢酸ビニル含量を更に12％
にまで増加した場合、剥離性は実質上低下する。
この低下は横方向の配向後、より柔軟な12％酢酸
ビニル共重合体を溶融させ、機械方向に配向した
シートに浸透させて非分離性結合を形成させるに
十分な11℃の加熱速度の結果であると考えられ
る。この理論は、22℃より僅かに高い加熱速度を
用い、実際のフイルム引裂きがほとんどの熱封止
温度で起つた実施例６によつて支持される。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １ ６ないし20重量％の酢酸ビニルを含有するエ
    チレン―酢酸ビニル―軸延伸共重合体の連続被膜
    を有する二軸配向ポリプロピレンフイルムから成
    る、熱封止域においてフイルム層に実質上の損傷
    を与えることなく封止を剥離できるような方法で
    熱封止するのに適した二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフ
    イルム。 ２ 熱封止域においてフイルム層に実質上の損傷
    を与えることなく封止を剥離できるような方法で
    熱封止するのに適した被覆二軸延伸ポリプロピレ
    ンフイルムの製造方法において、 (イ) ポリプロピレンベースフイルムを押出し、か
    つこのフイルムを一方向に配向させ： (ロ) 配向フイルムの少なくとも一方の表面をエチ
    レン―酢酸ビニル共重合体被覆の単一層で押出
    被覆して被覆フイルムを形成し； (ハ) １秒当たり2.8ないし22℃の加熱速度におい
    て被覆フイルムを予備加熱し； (ニ) 得られた予備加熱被覆フイルムを第二の方向
    に配向させる； 各工程から成る方法。 ３ 前記被覆フイルムを１秒当たり８ないし14℃
    の加熱速度で予備加熱することを特徴とする特許
    請求の範囲第２項記載の方法。 ４ 前記フイルムをまず長手方向に配向させ、更
    に被覆および予備加熱の後に、横方向に配向する
    ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第２項または第
    ３項記載の方法。 ５ 前記共重合体の酢酸ビニル含量が６ないし12
    重量％であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
    ２，３または４項記載の方法。
JP1007281A 1980-01-25 1981-01-26 Thermoplastic film for packing having improved thermoosealing characteristic and its manufacture Granted JPS56120343A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/115,530 US4333968A (en) 1980-01-25 1980-01-25 Thermoplastic packaging films with improved heat-seal characteristics

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS56120343A JPS56120343A (en) 1981-09-21
JPH0150596B2 true JPH0150596B2 (ja) 1989-10-30

Family

ID=22361978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1007281A Granted JPS56120343A (en) 1980-01-25 1981-01-26 Thermoplastic film for packing having improved thermoosealing characteristic and its manufacture

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4333968A (ja)
EP (1) EP0038108B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS56120343A (ja)
AU (1) AU546007B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA1151378A (ja)
DE (1) DE3172645D1 (ja)
ES (1) ES498758A0 (ja)
NZ (1) NZ196002A (ja)
ZA (1) ZA81386B (ja)

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DE3172645D1 (en) 1985-11-21
CA1151378A (en) 1983-08-09
NZ196002A (en) 1982-09-14
EP0038108A2 (en) 1981-10-21
US4333968A (en) 1982-06-08
ZA81386B (en) 1982-08-25
ES8201615A1 (es) 1981-12-16
EP0038108A3 (en) 1983-01-05
JPS56120343A (en) 1981-09-21
EP0038108B1 (en) 1985-10-16
AU6614981A (en) 1981-07-30
ES498758A0 (es) 1981-12-16
AU546007B2 (en) 1985-08-08

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