JPH0140913B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0140913B2 JPH0140913B2 JP57218240A JP21824082A JPH0140913B2 JP H0140913 B2 JPH0140913 B2 JP H0140913B2 JP 57218240 A JP57218240 A JP 57218240A JP 21824082 A JP21824082 A JP 21824082A JP H0140913 B2 JPH0140913 B2 JP H0140913B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- manufacturing
- furnace
- atmosphere
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018138 Al-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000946 Y alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Nonferrous Metals Or Alloys (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US345260 | 1982-02-02 | ||
| US06/345,260 US4439248A (en) | 1982-02-02 | 1982-02-02 | Method of heat treating NICRALY alloys for use as ceramic kiln and furnace hardware |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58151478A JPS58151478A (ja) | 1983-09-08 |
| JPH0140913B2 true JPH0140913B2 (enExample) | 1989-09-01 |
Family
ID=23354258
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57218240A Granted JPS58151478A (ja) | 1982-02-02 | 1982-12-13 | 金属およびセラミツク製品製造炉の炉用金具の製造方法 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4439248A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS58151478A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1196554A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3303458A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2520858B1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB2114603B (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1163074B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL8300141A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (42)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4743514A (en) * | 1983-06-29 | 1988-05-10 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Oxidation resistant protective coating system for gas turbine components, and process for preparation of coated components |
| GB2152082A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1985-07-31 | United Technologies Corp | Enhancement of superalloy resistance to environmental degradation |
| FR2566803B1 (fr) * | 1984-06-29 | 1987-11-27 | Manoir Fonderies Acieries | Nouvel alliage a phase austenitique contenant de l'aluminium et eventuellement de l'yttrium, four de traitement de milieu carburant ou cokant travaillant a temperature elevee comportant un tel alliage et utilisation ou application de cet alliage ou des fours dans des procedes de traitement de milieu carburant ou cokant, ou a la fabrication de cables ou tubes de forage |
| US4566939A (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1986-01-28 | Avco Corporation | Surface preparation of nickel base alloys for brazing |
| DE3612568A1 (de) * | 1986-04-15 | 1987-10-29 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Hochtemperatur-schutzschicht |
| US4737200A (en) * | 1986-11-18 | 1988-04-12 | Haynes International, Inc. | Method of manufacturing brazable super alloys |
| GB2235697B (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1991-08-14 | Gen Electric | Improved and property-balanced nickel-base superalloys for producing single crystal articles. |
| DE3737361A1 (de) * | 1987-11-04 | 1989-05-24 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Nickel enthaltende legierungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
| DE3740478C1 (de) * | 1987-11-28 | 1989-01-19 | Asea Brown Boveri | Hochtemperatur-Schutzschicht |
| DE4109769C2 (de) * | 1990-03-26 | 1996-05-02 | Murata Manufacturing Co | Keramisches Elektronikbauteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE4143405C2 (de) * | 1990-03-26 | 1995-05-04 | Murata Manufacturing Co | Permanenter ferroelektrischer Speicher mit wahlfreiem Zugriff |
| US5135156A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1992-08-04 | The Boeing Company | Method of producing nickel-alloy honeycomb panels |
| JP3027279B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-25 | 2000-03-27 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Ｆｅ−Ｃｒ−Ａｌ合金の耐酸化性向上方法 |
| DE4339404A1 (de) * | 1993-11-18 | 1995-05-24 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einheitlicher Oxidationsschichten auf metallischen Werkstücken und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| EP0756808B1 (en) * | 1994-04-16 | 1998-05-20 | Ceramaspeed Limited | Method of manufacturing an electrical resistance heating means |
| DE19524234C1 (de) * | 1995-07-04 | 1997-08-28 | Krupp Vdm Gmbh | Knetbare Nickellegierung |
| DE19753539C2 (de) * | 1997-12-03 | 2000-06-21 | Krupp Vdm Gmbh | Hochwarmfeste, oxidationsbeständige knetbare Nickellegierung |
| US6478888B1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2002-11-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Preheat method for EBPVD coating |
| US20050123783A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-06-09 | Gregory Otto J. | Composite used for thermal spray instrumentation and method for making the same |
| US10390441B1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2019-08-20 | Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. | Method for providing hermetic electrical feedthrough |
| US9034199B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2015-05-19 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Ceramic article with reduced surface defect density and process for producing a ceramic article |
| US9212099B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2015-12-15 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Heat treated ceramic substrate having ceramic coating and heat treatment for coated ceramics |
| US9090046B2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2015-07-28 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Ceramic coated article and process for applying ceramic coating |
| US9604249B2 (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2017-03-28 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Innovative top-coat approach for advanced device on-wafer particle performance |
| US9343289B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2016-05-17 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Chemistry compatible coating material for advanced device on-wafer particle performance |
| US9916998B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2018-03-13 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Substrate support assembly having a plasma resistant protective layer |
| US9685356B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Substrate support assembly having metal bonded protective layer |
| US8941969B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-01-27 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Single-body electrostatic chuck |
| US9358702B2 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2016-06-07 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Temperature management of aluminium nitride electrostatic chuck |
| US9669653B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-06-06 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Electrostatic chuck refurbishment |
| US9887121B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2018-02-06 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Protective cover for electrostatic chuck |
| US9666466B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 | 2017-05-30 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Electrostatic chuck having thermally isolated zones with minimal crosstalk |
| US9865434B2 (en) | 2013-06-05 | 2018-01-09 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Rare-earth oxide based erosion resistant coatings for semiconductor application |
| US9850568B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2017-12-26 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Plasma erosion resistant rare-earth oxide based thin film coatings |
| WO2015134135A1 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-11 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Critical chamber component surface improvement to reduce chamber particles |
| US10020218B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2018-07-10 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Substrate support assembly with deposited surface features |
| US20190292631A1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-09-26 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | An object comprising a pre-oxidized nickel-based alloy |
| DE102016111736B4 (de) * | 2016-06-27 | 2020-06-18 | Heraeus Nexensos Gmbh | Hülse zur Abdeckung eines Temperatursensors, Temperaturmessvorrichtung mit einer derartigen Hülse, Verfahren zum Verbinden einer derartigen Hülse mit einer Temperaturmessvorrichtung und Verwendung einer Legierung |
| US11047035B2 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2021-06-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Protective yttria coating for semiconductor equipment parts |
| DE102018251722A1 (de) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Nickelbasislegierung für additive Fertigung und Verfahren |
| DE102019201095A1 (de) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-07-30 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg | Nickelbasislegierung für Hochtemperaturanwendungen und Verfahren |
| WO2025080414A1 (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2025-04-17 | Haynes International, Inc. | Pre-oxidation heat-treatment method for ni-based alloys to yield an uniform thickness aluminum oxide scale |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4312682A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1982-01-26 | Cabot Corporation | Method of heat treating nickel-base alloys for use as ceramic kiln hardware and product |
-
1982
- 1982-02-02 US US06/345,260 patent/US4439248A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-11-09 FR FR8218790A patent/FR2520858B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-12-13 JP JP57218240A patent/JPS58151478A/ja active Granted
- 1982-12-30 CA CA000418782A patent/CA1196554A/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-01-14 NL NL8300141A patent/NL8300141A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-01-21 GB GB08301618A patent/GB2114603B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-02 DE DE19833303458 patent/DE3303458A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-02-02 IT IT19396/83A patent/IT1163074B/it active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2520858B1 (fr) | 1986-05-09 |
| IT1163074B (it) | 1987-04-08 |
| IT8319396A0 (it) | 1983-02-02 |
| CA1196554A (en) | 1985-11-12 |
| NL8300141A (nl) | 1983-09-01 |
| GB8301618D0 (en) | 1983-02-23 |
| US4439248A (en) | 1984-03-27 |
| FR2520858A1 (fr) | 1983-08-05 |
| DE3303458A1 (de) | 1983-08-11 |
| IT8319396A1 (it) | 1984-08-02 |
| GB2114603B (en) | 1985-08-07 |
| JPS58151478A (ja) | 1983-09-08 |
| GB2114603A (en) | 1983-08-24 |
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