JPH01184350A - House - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently perform the heating or cooling while preventing the condensation on the wall and improve the comfort by eliminating the uneven temperature distribution in the living space by forming a heat insulating layer on the exterior wall and roof, installing a heat exchanger in the space under the roof or floor through which the outside air is taken in and the room air is discharged, and forcibly feeding the air from the space under the roof to the space under the floor. CONSTITUTION:The roof heat insulating layer 4 and the exterior wall heat insulating layer 5 can be a board, mat or sheet, or integral with the roof material or exterior wall material. A heat exchanger 6 comprises a pipe 6a in which the room air is circulated while the outside air flows through the space 6b around the pipe 6a. The heat exchanger 6 performs the intake of the outside air and the discharge of the room air through ventilation openings 7, or such can be performed by directly connecting the heat exchanger 6 to the ventilating opening under the floor. A duct 8 is provided to transport the warm air in the space under the roof or the fresh outside air taken in by the heat exchanger 6 to the space 3 under the floor forcibly by a fan 7. Thus, the comfort can be improved by eliminating the difference in humidity between the space 1 under the roof and the space 3 under the floor and the uneven temperature distribution in the living space 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a house that minimizes the amount of heat entering and exiting the house, efficiently performs heating and cooling, and has improved durability.

[Conventional technology]

In conventional houses, livability has been improved by providing heat insulating materials in the walls and making them highly airtight.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in such houses, moisture generated from the main pillars, studs, etc., and moisture generated from residents and heaters in the living space condenses in the attic space and inside the walls.
This had the disadvantage of impairing the durability of the house. Moreover, especially in winter, the heat generated in the living space accumulates in the attic space through the ceiling, which has the disadvantage of causing temperature differences in the living space.

[Means to solve the problem]

In view of these points, the present invention prevents heat from entering and exiting the house by forming a heat insulating layer on the outer walls and roof, and also installs a heat exchanger in the attic space or under the floor space to prevent heat from entering and exiting the house. By taking in and exhausting air through a heat exchanger, we can provide ventilation without sacrificing thermal efficiency, prevent condensation, improve durability, and force air from the attic space into the underfloor space. This paper proposes a house that prevents temperature differences in the living space.

〔Example〕

The house according to the present invention will be explained in detail below using the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical embodiment of the house A, in which 1 is an attic space, 2 is a living space, and 3 is an underfloor space, each of which is divided by a ceiling 11 and a floor 13. It is the internal space of

4 is the roof insulation layer, 5 is the outer wall insulation layer, and at least house A
It blocks heat from entering and exiting the interior and exterior, and also has soundproofing, airtightness, and fireproofing properties. To explain further, the roof heat insulating layer 4 and the outer wall heat insulating layer 5 are each in the form of a board, mat, sheet, or integrated with the roofing material or the exterior wall material. Examples of the former include polystyrene boards, polyurethane boards, polyisocyanurate foam boards, sheathing boards, sheathing insulation boards, wood chip cement boards, wood wool cement boards, glass wool mats, etc., and composite boards of these. A roof is formed by placing metal roofing materials, tiles, etc. on the surface, and an outer wall is formed by placing metal panels, tiles, ceramic panels, ALC boards, mortar, etc. on the surface. Examples of the latter include panels in which a surface material, a heat insulating core material, and a back material are integrally formed, ALC exterior panels, wood chip cement panels, wood wool cement panels, etc. By placing it on the frame of the outer wall insulation layer 5,
It forms the roof insulation layer 4. A heat exchanger 6 is disposed in the attic space 1 or, although not shown, in the underfloor space 3, and exchanges heat between the air inside the house A and fresh outside air to take in and exhaust the air. To explain further, the heat exchanger 6 is
For example, as shown in FIGS. 2(a) to (C), inside air is passed through the vibro a, and outside air is passed through the space 6b around the vibro a.
The diameter and length are set appropriately depending on the purpose. Note that the intake of outside air and the exhaust of inside air performed by the heat exchanger 6 are performed by directly connecting the end ventilation opening or the underfloor ventilation opening to the heat exchanger 6. The heat exchanger 6 can be placed either in the attic space 1 or the underfloor space 3, but it releases fresh outside air into the attic space 1 and also releases inside air in the attic space 1 to the outside. It is preferable to arrange it so that This is because the moisture inside the house A tends to accumulate in the attic space 1, and by releasing this moisture to the outside, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation. A duct 8 connects the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3, and a fan 7 is interposed at at least one location. This duct 8 forcibly sends warm air in the attic space 1 and fresh outside air taken in by the heat exchanger 6 to the underfloor space 3 using a fan 7, and reduces the humidity in the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3. By eliminating the difference, the temperature difference in the living space 2 is eliminated and the livability is improved. In addition, 9 is an intake duct connected to the tip of the duct 8 on the attic space 1 side,
It collects the air in the attic space 1, and is provided as necessary. This intake duct 9 is, for example, a third
As shown in the figure, one or more slits 9a are provided on the outer periphery, and air is taken in through the slits 9a. Further, 10 is a distribution duct which is installed at the tip of the duct 8 on the side of the underfloor space 3 as necessary, and uniformly distributes the air sent from the attic space 1 through the duct 8 into the underfloor space 3. disperse,
This is effective in making the temperature uniform. The shape is, for example, as shown in Figure 4, where pipes made of metal and plastic are formed into antenna shapes, each with a rectangular shape,
Those having slits 10a in an oval shape, circular shape, etc., or materials having voids made of a continuous structure, such as fibrous materials such as glass fiber, plastic fiber, mineral fiber, and metal fiber, polyurethane foam with an open cell structure, and polyurea. Synthetic resin foam such as foam, porous ceramic, etc. can be made into ring-shaped, square-shaped, triangular-shaped,
Fig. 5(a) shows a pipe-like shape such as a polygonal shape.
They are arranged as shown in (b). Due to the pressure generated by the fan 7, the air discharged from the distribution duct 10 passes through the living space 2 or the space 14 formed by the main pillars, studs, etc. between the inner wall 12 and the outer wall insulation layer 5, and passes through the attic. It exits into space 1.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the house A according to the present invention, and it is also possible to form the air supply port 15 at at least one of the positions indicated by the dotted line in FIG.

Although not shown, the heat exchanger 6 can also perform intake and exhaust through a fan. Further, when a material having voids made of a continuous structure is used as the dispersion duct 10, it can be formed as schematically shown in cross-sectional views in FIGS. 6(a) to 6(h). That is, (a) shows a dispersion duct 10 consisting only of a main body 10b made of a material having voids in a continuous structure, and (b) and (c) show an inner surface, an outer surface, or both sides (not shown) of the main body 10b. A dispersion duct 10 whose shape retention is improved by covering it with a breathable sheet 10c, Figures (d) to (h) show that the outer surface of the main body 10b is covered with a sheet-like material 10d, and (Figure d1) are the dispersion ducts 10 in which the slits 10e are formed, (e) to (g1
The figure shows a dispersion duct 10 in which a free end 10f is formed on a part of a sheet-like material 10d, and the figure fh1 shows a dispersion duct 10 in which a part of the main body 10b is exposed. Note that the sheet-like material 10d in figures (d) to (h) may be either breathable or impermeable; The end 10f functions as a valve, and the air inside the dispersion duct 10 is preferably released in one direction to the outside.

As described above, according to the house according to the present invention, the inside and outside of the house can be ventilated without heat entering or exiting.
Not only can heating and cooling be performed efficiently, but moisture can also be released to the outside, preventing condensation and greatly improving durability. Furthermore, by eliminating the temperature difference between the attic space and the underfloor space, the temperature difference in the living space is eliminated, improving livability. It has the following effects and characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical embodiment of a house according to the present invention, FIGS. 2(a) to (C) are explanatory diagrams showing an example of a heat exchanger used in the above-mentioned house, and FIG. An explanatory diagram showing an example of an intake duct, Figures 4 and 5 (al, (b) are explanatory diagrams showing an example of a distribution duct, and Figures 6 (a) to (h) are illustrations showing other examples of a distribution duct. It is an explanatory diagram showing.A...House, 1...Attic space, 3...Underfloor space, 4...Roof insulation layer, 5...Outer wall insulation layer, 6...
Heat exchanger, 7...fan, 8...duct. Figure 1 6 Figure 8/'1 Figure 2 (α) \ Figure 2 (C) Figure 8, t. Fig. 5 0th generation) (shi) Fig. 6 ((L) (b >y'' (5), t0

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a house having at least an attic space, a living space, and an underfloor space, a heat insulating layer is formed on the outer wall and the roof, a heat exchanger is arranged in the attic space or the underfloor space, and the attic space is provided with a heat exchanger. A house characterized in that the space and the underfloor space are communicated through a duct with a fan.