JP3026771B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation system in which air introduced into a building through a heat exchange ventilation unit is introduced into a room through a heating device provided at a lower end of an inner wall of the room. Thus, the present invention relates to a building having improved heating efficiency and livability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional building, a method of obtaining a heating effect by circulating heated air in the building is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 6-26.
As shown in No. 121, there has been a method of enclosing the outer periphery of a building with a heat insulating material, circulating heated air in a space in a wall, a space behind a cabin, a space under a floor, etc., and obtaining heating of a living space by radiant heat.

[0003]

However, in the method disclosed in the above publication, indoor ventilation is not performed, and it is indispensable to ventilate an indoor space that is contaminated by breathing or the like by opening a window or the like. The decline was unavoidable. In addition, heating is applied to the space behind the cabin, which does not require heating, resulting in waste of heating efficiency. Also,
Because heating is only radiant heat, due to lack of heating effect,
In some cases, it is necessary to provide a separate heating device in the indoor space, and there is a disadvantage that equipment costs increase.

[0004]

According to the present invention, in order to eliminate such disadvantages, a building according to the present invention comprises a space above a ceiling formed between a ceiling and a ceiling insulating layer, and a ceiling formed between a wall insulating layer and an inner wall. It has a space inside the wall that communicates with the back space and the lower part is closed by the floor heat insulation layer, and an indoor space surrounded by the ceiling, the inner wall, and the floor laid on the floor heat insulation layer. A heating device is arranged so that at least a part of the vents communicating with the interior space is hidden from the interior space side, and a heat exchange ventilation unit is arranged anywhere inside and outside the building, and any location on the inner wall or ceiling And an exhaust port connected to the heat exchange ventilation unit.

[0005]

[Function] It is possible to perform uniform heating and ventilation in the indoor space at the same time to improve the comfort of living, and to make the building frame and base of the building last longer, and to suppress the occurrence of mites and mold, And it is effective for energy saving, and it is a green environment-friendly building.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A building according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a representative embodiment of the present invention, wherein A is a building, B is a space above a ceiling, C is a space inside a wall, D is a space inside a room, E is a space below a floor, and F is a space behind a shed. ,
Each of the ceiling 2, the inner wall 3, the floor 4, and the ceiling insulation layer 1a,
Building A separated by wall insulation layer 1b and floor insulation layer 1c
Is the interior space. G is a heat exchange ventilation unit, H
Is a heating device, and I is a heat medium circulation mechanism. Note that the solid arrows the flow of air alpha ₁ to? _4, the dotted arrow shows a flow of the heat medium beta. 5 is the ground, 6 is the foundation, 7 is the roof, 8 is the outer wall, and 9 is the baseboard. Here, air α ₁ is air from the outside to the heat exchange unit 14, and α ₂ is heat exchange unit 14
Distributed duct 11 from the ceiling space B, the air vents 18 through the wall in the space C up to the heating system H which is concealed from the interior side, alpha ₃ is increased interior space from the heating system H vents 24, the air that reaches the heat exchange unit 14, α ₄
Represents the air from the heat exchange section 14 to the outside through the exhaust port 13.

[0007] Reference numeral 1 denotes a heat insulating layer which blocks heat from entering and exiting the inside and outside of the building A.
It has fire protection, and has a ceiling insulation layer 1a and a wall insulation layer 1b
And the floor heat insulating layer 1c, and surrounds the space B above the ceiling, the space C in the wall, and the room space D.

In the building A having the back space F, the ceiling heat insulating layer 1a separates the back space B functioning as an air circulation path from the back space F which does not need to supply warm air. By reducing the distance from the ceiling 2 to the space B above the ceiling, arranging the pipes and the heat exchange ventilation unit G, and securing a space that does not cause an obstacle to air circulation, the indoor space The space where warm air circulates other than D is limited to a small size, which is effective for improving heating efficiency and saving energy.

The wall heat insulating layer 1b is formed close to the inside of the outer wall 8 as shown in FIG. 2 (a), or is formed through the body edge 8a as shown in FIG. The inner space C is formed. The space C inside the wall is the space B above the ceiling
The air taken in from the heat exchange ventilation unit G is lowered to supply the indoor space D from the lower end of the inner wall 3.

The floor heat insulating layer 1c is formed in close contact with the floor 4,
The interior space D and the in-wall space C are separated from the underfloor space E.

The ceiling heat insulating layer 1a, the wall heat insulating layer 1b, and the floor heat insulating layer 1c are respectively in the form of a board, a mat, and a sheet.
Alternatively, it is a material integrated with a ceiling material, an outer wall material, a floor material, or the like.

Examples of the former are polystyrene boards,
Polyurethane board, polyisocyanurate foam board, sheathing board, sheathing insulation board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, glass wool mat, etc., or a composite board of these, etc. System panel, AL
An outer wall is formed by disposing a C plate, mortar, and the like.

Examples of the latter include a panel in which a surface material, a heat insulating core material and, if necessary, a back material are integrally formed.
An ALC exterior panel, a wood chip cement panel, a wood wool cement panel, etc., which are arranged on a main body such as a main pillar, a stud, etc., to form a ceiling insulation layer 1a, a wall insulation layer 1b, and a floor insulation layer 1.
to form c. The range surrounded by the heat insulating layers 1a to 1c is a minimum range effective for circulating air to simultaneously perform ventilation and heating of the indoor space D and prevent deterioration due to dew condensation on the frame, mold, and the like. Because of this, an effective heating effect can be obtained with a minimum required amount of heat, which is effective for energy saving.

The space above the ceiling B is a space formed between the ceiling heat insulating layer 1a and the ceiling 2, and when the building A has a space behind the cabin F, it is separated by the ceiling heat insulating layer 1a as shown in FIG.
By air alpha ₂ is limited reduce the range of spatial circulating, it is intended to improve the energy saving of the heating effect of the heating system H.

The in-wall space C communicates with the space above the ceiling B above and guides the air α ₂ supplied to the space below the ceiling B downward. The space C is separated from the space below the floor E by the floor heat insulating layer 1c. Things. Indoor space D side of the lower end of the space C in the wall,
That is, near a lower end portion of the inner wall 3, any shape of the vent 18 provided in any range, through the heating device H, and guides the air alpha ₃ to the indoor space D. The space C in the wall is the building A
In addition to having a function of always drying the frame of the varnish appropriately and making it last longer, it also has a function of preventing dew condensation and suppressing the occurrence of mites and mold.

The indoor space D is a space surrounded by the ceiling 2, the inner wall 3, and the floor 4, and a heating device H is provided at a lower portion of the inner wall 3, that is, at an arbitrary portion corresponding to a skirting board of an ordinary building. Is what is done.

The underfloor space E is a space surrounded by the floor heat insulating layer 1c, the ground 5, and the foundation 6, and does not need to exert a heating effect. This is a space for storing a heat medium circulation mechanism I such as a circulation pipe 16 to be supplied.

The space F behind the hut is a space surrounded by the roof 7 and the ceiling heat insulating layer 1a, and is not necessarily required to be surrounded by the heat insulating material layer. ₄ can also be released into the cabin back space F. When the structure of the building A of the present invention is used for a building having a flat roof, the cabin back space F does not exist.

The heat exchange ventilation unit G has a function of exchanging heat between warm air discharged from the inside of the building A and cold air supplied from the outside to improve the heating efficiency. , A distribution duct 11, an exhaust duct 12, an exhaust port 13, and a heat exchange unit 14. The heat exchange unit 14 is provided with a fan as required. The intake port 10 is a section for guiding fresh outside air to the heat exchange section 14. In FIG. 1, the end of the dispersion duct 11 is opened in the space above the ceiling B to discharge air from the outside to the space above the ceiling B. Or the distribution duct 11 can be directly connected to the vent 18. The exhaust duct 12 transfers the dirty air α ₃ in the indoor space D to the heat exchange unit 1.
4, heat exchange with fresh air α ₁ is performed, and then discharged to the outside as air α ₄ from the exhaust port 13.

The heating device H includes, for example, water as a heat medium,
Alternatively, a device that generates heat by circulating a liquid such as antifreeze, or a device that has a built-in heating element and generates heat by electricity is used. 3 (a) and 3 (b). That is, near the lower end of the inner wall 3 and near the portion where the heating device H is arranged, the ventilation port 18 that communicates the space C between the wall and the room space D is provided.
The heating device H is arranged so as to cover 8 from the indoor space D side.

As shown in a schematic sectional view of FIG. 3A, for example, the heating device H is provided with an air supply hole 19 provided at a position coinciding with the vent 18 and an arbitrary shape at an arbitrary position on the indoor space D side. A cover member 21 having a delivery hole 20; and a pipe 22 arranged inside the cover member 21 and circulating the heat medium β therein.
And the pipe member 22 and the cover material 21
And a heat radiating plate 23 formed so as to match the inside of the cover member 21 and fixed to the lower end portion of the inner wall 3 with a fixing tool such as a screw or a nail or an adhesive or the like. The air α ₂ sucked from the pipe 19 is heated by the heat medium β circulating in the pipe 22 and then discharged from the delivery hole 20 to the indoor space D as air α ₃ . The pipe 22 is sandwiched between the cover member 21 and the heat radiating plate 23 and is in contact with both, so that the heat radiating area is increased and the heat from the heat medium β can be efficiently released.

The heating device H can be arranged at the entire lower end of the inner wall 3 surrounding the room D or at an arbitrary position. As shown in FIG. 3B, the lower end of the inner wall 3 facing the outside is provided. A sufficient heating effect can be obtained even in a configuration in which the skirting board 9 made of ordinary wood or the like is provided in other portions, and a skirting board 9 made of ordinary wood or the like is provided in other portions. The heating device H is arranged at the lower end of the inner wall 3 facing the outer periphery of the building A and heat surrounds all the interior spaces D, thereby heating not only the air but also the entire interior space D by radiant heat. In this heating method by gentle convection centering on the radiant heat from the position of the baseboard, it is excellent in keeping the temperature distribution in the room uniform, it is possible to lower the supply temperature of heating, and normal local heating It can save fuel compared to.

The heating device H may be unitized to connect and arrange a plurality of units at arbitrary locations, or may be arranged particularly in an interior space D in which heating is to be enhanced, or the heating device H may have sufficient indoor space even with weak heating. For the space D and the indoor space D that does not require heating, the heating device H may be provided with a small amount, or the air vent 18 may be exposed to the indoor space D without being provided. In addition, by making the baseboard 9 and the cover member 21 have a synchronized appearance, the heating device H can be arranged without impairing the aesthetic appearance.

The heat medium circulation mechanism I is a mechanism for circulating a heat medium β for radiating heat in the heating device H. As an example of the structure, the boiler 15, the circulation pipe 16, the connection pipe 17
It is composed of The boiler 15 heats the heat medium β and raises it to a temperature suitable for functioning as heating.
Any one of oil, gas, electricity, solar heat, etc., or a combination thereof is used.

The circulation pipe 16 is disposed in the underfloor space E,
The heating medium β is circulated and supplied to the heating device H. The connection pipe 17 supplies the heating medium β from the circulation pipe 16 to the heating device H. It is preferable that the temperature change of the internal heat medium β can be made small by having the following.

Here, the air α ₁ in the building A according to the present invention.
Flow of to? _4, it will be described with reference to FIG. First,
The outside cold and fresh air α ₁ is sucked from the air inlet 10, and the warm air α ₃ that has passed through the indoor space D in the heat exchange unit 14.
Then, the temperature is increased by heat exchange, and the air is sent to the dispersion duct 11 as air α ₂ and discharged into the space B above the ceiling.

The air α ₂ released into the space above the ceiling B is converted into a room space D by a fan provided in the heat exchange ventilation unit G.
Due to the effect of the pressure difference generated by discharging the air from the space, the space C in the wall descends toward the vent 18 and receives the heat from the heat medium β via the heating device H from the vent 18 to raise the temperature. , leading the air alpha ₃ to the indoor space D. The air α ₃ rises in the indoor space D due to the properties of the warm air and the action of the fan. When the warm air α ₃ is supplied from a low position in the indoor space D and rises, the temperature in the indoor space D rises. This is extremely effective in making the surface uniform. Ceiling 2
The air α _{3 that} has risen to the vicinity is inhaled from the ventilation port 24,
The heat is exchanged with the fresh and cold air α ₁ by the heat exchange unit 14 through the exhaust duct 12, and is discharged to the outside as air α ₄ from the exhaust port 13.

[0028] By the above flow of air alpha ₁ to? _4, can heating and ventilation at the same time, the temperature distribution in the indoor space D becomes uniform, and not only kept the air always fresh, air alpha ₂ is Since there is almost no temperature difference between the space above the ceiling B, the space between the walls C, and the room D, the dew condensation does not occur. The base is durable, and the generation of mites and molds can be suppressed, and the building is clean and has excellent livability, energy saving and global environment friendly.

What has been described above is the case where the building A has one floor. When the building A has two or more floors, the structure shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 can be adopted.

That is, FIG. 4 shows an example in which the building A has two floors and the heat exchange ventilation unit G is provided for each floor. By providing the heat exchange ventilation unit G for each floor, heating can be stopped on floors that do not require heating, which is effective for energy saving and facilitates piping during construction.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which the building A has two floors, the first floor and the second floor are connected by ducts 24 and 25, and the whole building A is covered by one set of heat exchange ventilation unit G.
It has the advantage of lower equipment costs. In addition, FIG.
5, the heat medium circulation mechanism I is omitted.

[0032]

As described above, according to the building of the present invention, a heat-insulating layer is formed on the ceiling, walls and floor to form an airtight box insulated inside the building, so that effective heating can be performed. Gentle convection centered on heat radiation from the baseboard,
Due to the action of the heat encircling, heating can be performed efficiently, and the temperature in the indoor space is made uniform, so that the comfort is excellent. In the indoor space, fresh and warm air warmed by the heating device is supplied from below and moves upward, thereby promoting uniform temperature in the indoor space, thereby improving comfort and improving indoor air. Is always fresh and comfortable. The building has low energy costs because it connects the space above the ceiling, the space in the wall, the indoor space to the outside, and exhausts the air contaminated in the indoor space to the outside through the heat exchanger.
Air is circulated through the space above the ceiling, inside the wall, inside the room, and in some cases, behind the hut, to supply fresh air to each space and to equalize the temperature inside the building A. Can be suppressed, and the life of the building is prolonged. There are actions and effects such as.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration example of an outer wall of a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a heating device used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is another example of a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is another example of a building according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Insulation layer 1a Ceiling insulation layer 1b Wall insulation layer 1c Floor insulation layer 2 Ceiling 3 Inner wall 4 Floor 5 Ground 6 Foundation 7 Roof 8 Outer wall 8a Body edge 9 Skirting board 10 Air supply port 11 Distribution duct 12 Exhaust duct 13 Exhaust port 14 Heat Exchange part 15 Boiler 16 Circulation pipe 17 Connection pipe 18 Vent 19 Air supply hole 20 Delivery hole 21 Cover material 22 Pipe 23 Heat sink 24 Ventilation port 25 Duct 26 Duct A Building B Ceiling space C Wall space D Indoor space E Underfloor space F Space behind the hut G Heat exchange ventilation unit H Heating device I Heat medium circulation mechanism α ₁ -α ₄ Air β Heat medium

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-26121 (JP, A) JP-A-8-312248 (JP, A) JP-A-7-189352 (JP, A) JP-A-7- 19557 (JP, A) JP-A-63-70745 (JP, A) JP-A-58-159411 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04B 1/74 E04B 1 / 70 F24F 7/10

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A space inside a ceiling formed between a ceiling and a ceiling heat insulating layer, a space inside a wall formed between a wall heat insulating layer and an inner wall, communicating with the space above the ceiling, and having a lower part closed by a floor heat insulating layer; It has an indoor space surrounded by a floor laid on the floor heat insulating layer, and at least a part of a ventilation hole communicating the indoor space and the indoor space under the inner wall is hidden from the indoor space side. A building, comprising: a heating device; a heat exchange ventilation unit at an arbitrary location inside and outside the building; and an exhaust port connected to the heat exchange ventilation unit at an arbitrary location on an inner wall or a ceiling.