JP2575871B2 - House - Google Patents

Description

[Description of the Invention] [Prior Art] In a conventional house, a heat insulating material is provided on a wall or the like in order to improve the livability, and heat in and out of the house is blocked. I was

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, heating in such a house is performed using a heater such as a stove in a living space. In this case,
A temperature distribution in which the temperature is lower near the heat source and lower as the distance from the heat source, and lower in the vicinity of the ceiling and in the vicinity of the floor, and excessive heating is performed to cancel this, resulting in deterioration of the indoor environment. Was there. In addition, in this case, since heating is performed locally, there is a disadvantage that a heat shock is caused by movement between rooms. Moreover, in this case, the living space is often made airtight, and it is necessary to ventilate the dirty air generated in the living space, and there is a disadvantage that heat is released to the outside with this ventilation. . Furthermore, in summer, there is a disadvantage that heat is easily trapped in the living space due to the heat insulation structure and airtightness. Especially at night, the security window could not be left open, so there was a disadvantage that the heat would accumulate.

[Means for solving the problem]

According to the present invention, in order to eliminate such drawbacks, the space behind the hut and the space under the floor are communicated with each other in the space inside the wall, and a heat insulating material is arranged on the outer wall and the roof, and the underground space has an insulating layer between the earth and concrete. Layer, and a slab heating section consisting of a heat medium pipe buried in the concrete layer, and heating the air in the underfloor space in the slab heating section to heat the living space from the floor, Heating the living space through the inner wall when the warmed air rises in the wall space due to the rising force prevents the temperature unevenness of the living space and air rising in the wall space under the window. While improving the heating effect by directly entering the living space,
By preventing stagnation of air in the space inside the wall, heating from the inner wall surface is made almost uniform, and a heat exchanger is arranged at an arbitrary position in the house, and at least one heat exchanger is provided between the heat exchanger and the living space. By connecting the exhaust port and the underfloor space to the underfloor space and releasing the living space to the outside via the heat exchanger, and discharging the outside air to the underfloor space via the heat exchanger, Promotes ventilation and the power to lift the air in the space inside the wall,
In addition, the underfloor vents provided in the underfloor space were opened in summer, and the heat exchanger was designed to only release air inside the house, thereby enabling ventilation and heat release without opening windows. Suggest a house.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the house according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing a typical embodiment of the house A, wherein 1 is a space behind a cabin, 2 is a living space, 3 is a space under the floor, and a ceiling 17 and a floor 18, respectively. It is an internal space of the house A divided by. Reference numeral 4 denotes a heat insulating layer that blocks at least the flow of heat inside and outside the house A, and has a soundproofing property, an airtightness, and a fireproofing property. More specifically, the heat insulating layer 4 is composed of a roof heat insulating layer 5 and an outer wall heat insulating layer 6, each of which has a board shape, a mat shape, a sheet shape, or a structure integrated with a roof material and an outer wall material. Examples of the former are a polystyrene board, a polyurethane board, a polyisocyanurate foam board, a sizing board, a sizing insulation board, a wood chip cement board, a wood wool cement board, a glass wool mat, etc., or a composite board thereof, and the like. The roof is formed by arranging metallic roofing materials, tiles, and the like on the surface, and the outer wall is formed by arranging metal panels, tiles, ceramic panels, ALC boards, and the like. Examples of the latter include a panel in which the front surface material and the heat insulating core material and, if necessary, the back surface material are integrally formed, AL
C exterior panels, wood chip cement panels, wood wool cement panels, and the like are used to form the outer wall heat insulating layer 6 and the roof heat insulating layer 5 by arranging them on a main body such as a main pillar or a stud. Reference numeral 7 denotes a space in the wall, which is provided between the outer heat insulating layer 6 and the inner wall 19, and connects the space 1 behind the hut and the space 3 under the floor,
This is a space in which air flows due to natural convection or the like, and is useful for heating the living space 2 from the inner wall 19 surface by the air heated by the slab heating unit 8 in winter. In summer, the outside air taken in from the underfloor ventilation opening 27 serves as a route for flowing into the living space 2. The soil heating unit 8 heats the underfloor space 3 in winter,
It blocks out moisture from the ground. As shown in FIG. 2, the slab heating section 8 includes a slab insulation layer 9,
It comprises a concrete layer 10 and a heat medium pipe 13. More specifically, the intersoil insulation layer 9 is a rigid plastic foam such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, or phenol foam and has a closed-cell foam structure and a compressive strength of about ³⁰ to 100 kg / m ³ , or an ALC plate. And at least one of a wood chip cement board and a wood wool cement board, and has a thickness of about 10 to 100 mm. The intersoil insulation layer 9 is for preventing the heat from being released to the ground when the intersoil heating is performed by passing the heat medium such as hot water into the heat medium pipe 13. When the interstitial heat insulating layer 9 is made of a rigid plastic foam or the like having a closed-cell foam structure, it has a moisture-proof property, and moisture does not enter the house A from the ground. When a wet material is used as described above, it is preferable to lay the moisture-proof sheet 14 as shown by a two-dot chain line or in the middle (not shown) between the soil insulation layer 9 and the concrete layer 10. The concrete layer 10 functions as a heat storage material and a material for dispersing heat from the heat medium pipe 13, and by burying the heat medium pipe 13, water is stored in the heat medium pipe 13 and is frozen. This is also useful for preventing the heat medium pipe 13 from being ruptured in the event of a failure. The concrete layer 10 is divided into a reinforced base concrete layer 11 and a soil concrete layer 12 for convenience. The reinforced base concrete layer 11 is a layer mainly for facilitating the piping of the heat medium pipe 13. This reinforced base concrete layer 11 is used for driving concrete or
It can also be formed using a PC plate. The soil concrete layer 12 embeds the heat medium pipe 13 and functions as a heat radiating portion for uniformly warming the air in the underfloor space 3. The heat medium pipe 13 is, for example, a third
As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the piping is provided, and it is preferable that the heat source 15 to the entrance on the reinforced base concrete layer 11 be covered with a heat insulating material 16. The heat medium pipe 13 is made of a copper pipe, a plastic pipe, or the like, and performs soil heating by allowing a heat medium such as an antifreeze solution or a heat medium gas to pass therethrough. More specifically, the air in the under-floor space 3 heated by the slab heating unit 8 heats the living space 2 from the floor 18 and raises the space inside the wall 7 by the rising power of the heated space. Space 1
Rise towards. At this time, the living space 2 is heated via the inner wall 19. For this reason, in the living space 2, heating is performed from both sides of the floor 18 and the inner wall 19, so that the heating is performed substantially uniformly. In addition, since the entire living space 2 in the house A is heated, each room has a uniform temperature, heat shock can be prevented, and the comfortable living space 2 can be obtained. Reference numeral 20 denotes a vent, which connects the interior space 7 and the living space 2 to each other,
This is for taking in a part of the air that rises into the living space 2. More specifically, the ventilation hole 20 is provided below the window 21, and the air heated by the slab heating unit 8 is directly taken into the living space 2, and the air rising in the space 7 inside the wall is raised by the window 21. This is to prevent the stagnation and stagnation, and to prevent the temperature unevenness of the inner wall 19. In addition, the louver, the opening / closing mechanism, the fan, and the like can be built in the ventilation port 20. Reference numeral 22 denotes an exhaust port, which is provided at at least one location on the ceiling 17 and connected to a heat exchanger 23 by a pipe 24, for example. This exhaust port 22
Is for discharging dirty air generated in the living space 2, and the ventilation space 20 and the air in the living space 2 are used for air circulation.
Ventilation is performed by using a route. Heat exchanger
23 is disposed at an arbitrary position in the house A such as the back space 1 and the underfloor space 3 and exchanges heat between air discharged from the living space 2 to the outside in winter and air taken into the house A from the outside in winter. And in the summer, living space 2
It is for discharging air. The air taken in through the heat exchanger 23 is discharged to the underfloor space 3 by the pipe 25. This is because the air in the underfloor space 3 is heated by
Then, the space 7 in the wall is heated and rises. This is because the rising force is promoted and fresh air is supplied to the living space 2 through the ventilation port 20. A fan (not shown) is provided at the supply port 22, the heat exchanger 23, or the pipes 24 and 25.
Distribute. A dispersion duct 26 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (a) and (b) is attached to the underfloor space 3 side of the pipe 25 so that the outside air discharged through the heat exchanger 23 can be discharged over a wide area. It is preferable to perform the above. That is,
In FIG. 4, a pipe made of metal or plastic is formed in an antenna shape or a spiral shape (not shown), and has a slit 26a having a square shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, or the like. FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show materials having voids made of a communication tissue, for example, glass fiber,
Pipes made of fibrous materials such as plastic fibers, mineral fibers, and metal fibers, synthetic resin foams such as open-celled polyurethane foam and polyurea foam, and porous ceramics, etc. with a ring-shaped, square, triangular, or high-profile cross section FIG. 6 (a)
They are arranged as shown in FIG. In this case, since the gap of the communicating tissue serves as the slit 26a, uniform suction and discharge can be performed. 27 is an underfloor vent having at least an opening / closing mechanism, which is normally closed in winter to prevent outside air from directly flowing into the underfloor space 3 and opened in summer to allow outside air to be taken into the underfloor space 3. It is to make. Note that a fan can be built in the underfloor ventilation port 27.

Here, the flow of air will be briefly described. First, in winter, air taken in from the outside is discharged into the underfloor space 3 through the heat exchanger 23 as shown in FIG. In the underfloor space 3, since the pressure is applied by the heating by the soil heating unit 8 and the supply of air from the heat exchanger 23, the space 7 in the wall is raised, and the living space is Move to 2. The air that has moved to the living space 2 is diffused and finally discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 22 and the heat exchanger 23. Note that heat exchange is performed between air taken in from the outside in the heat exchanger 23 and air discharged to the outside. In the summer, when a cooling device such as an air conditioner is operating in the living space 2, as shown in FIG.
Ventilate through. In addition, after the outside cools down at night, the underfloor ventilation opening 27 is opened, and as shown in FIG.
The air moves like outside → underfloor space 3 → living space 2 → heat exchanger 23 → outside.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the house A according to the present invention. As shown by dotted lines in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), an air collecting duct 28 is provided in the back space 1 of the cabin, It is also possible to discharge the air in the cabin back space 1 to the outside via the heat exchanger 23 together with the air in the living space 2. Also, as shown in FIG. 7, a duct 29 is provided from the cabin back space 1 to the underfloor space 3 to blow air from the cabin back space 1 to the underfloor space 3 by a fan (not shown) in winter, In this case, the air in the underfloor space 3 is blown to the back space 1 to cool and heat the room. Further, as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
It is also possible to arrange a ventilation fan 30 in a place where a large amount of moisture is generated, such as a bathroom and a kitchen, in the living space 2 7 and directly discharge moisture to the outside. In this case, when performing heat exchange in the heat exchanger 23, if the air discharged to the outside contains a large amount of moisture, dew condensation occurs in the heat exchanger 23, leading to a reduction in efficiency, which is prevented. In addition to preventing the water generated in the kitchen and bathroom from spreading to the entire living space 2, it is also useful for improving the livability and the durability of the house A. Note that it is preferable to use a heat exchange type ventilation fan as the ventilation fan 30. Further, the ventilation fan 30 can be moved only by the humidity sensor when the humidity becomes high.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the house of the present invention, since the heat insulating layer is formed on the outer wall and the roof, cooling and heating can be performed efficiently. The living space is heated from both sides of the floor surface and the inner wall surface by the soil heating unit, and uniform heating can be performed. Since the whole house is heated by the soil heating unit, a healthy environment without heat shock is provided.
Since the space in the wall and the living space are connected by a vent, the air heated by the soil heating unit can be directly taken into the living space, used for heating, and efficiently heated. Since the vent is provided below the window, the air does not stagnate in the space in the wall, and the heating from the inner wall surface can be performed uniformly.
The ventilation of the living space can be performed, and the comfort is improved. Since ventilation is performed through a heat exchanger, heating can be performed efficiently. Since the outside air taken in through the heat exchanger is released to the underfloor space, the rise of the air is promoted, and the heating from the inner wall surface can be made more uniform.
In summer, outside air can be taken into the underfloor space and into the living space through the underfloor ventilation openings, so that natural cooling can be performed without opening the windows at night, and crime prevention is safe. Even in the summer, the living space can be ventilated. Moisture can be prevented from entering from the soil, and a durable house can be provided. There are effects and features such as.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory diagrams illustrating a typical example of a house according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3 (a) and 3 (b) are explanatory diagrams illustrating a soil heating unit. FIG. 4, FIG. 5 (a),
(B), FIGS. 6 (a), (b) and FIG. 7 are explanatory views for explaining other embodiments. A: house, 1 ... hut back space, 2 ... living space, 3 ...
... underfloor space, 7 ... wall space, 8 ... earth heating section, 20 ...
... Vent, 21 ... Window, 22 ... Exhaust, 23 ... Heat exchanger,
27 ... Ventilation vents under the floor.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A house surrounding a cabin space, a living space, and a space under a floor, wherein the space behind the cabin and the space under the floor are connected to each other by a space in a wall between an inner wall and an outer wall. A heat insulation layer is formed on the outer wall, and a concrete layer is laminated on the dirt in the underfloor space, on the dirt insulation layer, and
A pipe for a heat medium is buried in the concrete layer, and a slab heating section that allows a heat medium to pass through the pipe for the heat medium, and an air vent that connects a space inside the wall and a living space under a window of the inner wall,
In addition, an exhaust port is provided in at least one place of the living space, and the air in the living space is discharged to the outside through the heat exchanger by connecting the exhaust port to a heat exchanger disposed in the house. On the other hand, a house characterized in that outside air is discharged into the underfloor space through the heat exchanger, and a underfloor ventilation opening having an opening / closing mechanism is formed in the underfloor space.