JP2580007B2 - House - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention minimizes the flow of heat inside and outside a house, efficiently performs cooling and heating, supplies fresh air to a living space, and furthermore, a space behind a shed. The present invention relates to a house that ventilates the entire house by exhausting air in a space under the floor and the like to the outside.

[Conventional technology]

In a conventional house, a heat insulating material is provided on a wall or the like and the airtightness is improved to improve the livability.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in such a house, moisture generated from the main pillars, studs, and the like, and moisture generated from the occupants and the heater in the living space are condensed in the back space of the hut or the inside of the wall, thereby impairing the durability of the house. There was a disadvantage.

[Means for solving the problem]

In view of the above, the present invention forms an airtight heat insulating layer on the outer wall and the roof to prevent heat from entering and exiting the inside and outside of the house, and installs a heat exchanger in the space behind the cabin or the underfloor space to provide a heat exchanger inside and outside the house. Intake and exhaust air through a heat exchanger to ventilate without impairing thermal efficiency, and to supply fresh air taken in from the outside to the living space through the heat exchanger, Another object of the present invention is to provide a house in which the underfloor space is communicated with the ventilation space and the air in these spaces is discharged to the outside to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation and improve the durability.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the house according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing a typical embodiment of the house A, wherein 1 is a back hut space, 2 is a living space, 3 is a underfloor space, 4 is a ventilation space, Each is separated by a ceiling 10, an inner wall 11, and a floor 12, and the space behind the hut 1
The underfloor space 3 is communicated with the ventilation space 4.
That is, the ventilation space 4 mainly includes an airtight heat insulating layer 5 described later and the inner wall.
A space formed by main pillars, studs, and the like between the 11, and the upper and lower ends communicate with the cabin back space 1 and the underfloor space 3. The hermetic heat-insulating layer 5 has at least a heat insulating property and a sealing property, and also has a soundproofing property and a fireproofing property, and the outer wall of the house A surrounds the back space 1, the underfloor space 3, and the ventilation space 4 in the house A. It is formed on the roof portion of the house A to prevent heat from flowing into and out of the internal space of the house A and the outside, and to prevent the heat from entering and exiting the space. More specifically, the hermetic heat-insulating layer 5 is formed of a board-like, mat-like, or sheet-like material, or a material integrated with a roof material or an outer wall material. That is, examples of the former include airtight insulation with a polystyrene board, a polyurethane board, a polyisocyanurate foam board, a sizing board, a sizing insulation board, a wood chip cement board, a wood wool cement board, a glass wool mat, or a composite board thereof. A roof is formed by arranging a metal roofing material, a tile, and the like outside the layer 5, and an outer wall is formed by arranging a metal panel, a tile, a ceramic panel, an ALC plate, and the like. Examples of the latter include a panel in which the front surface material and the heat insulating core material and the back surface material are integrally formed as necessary,
A hermetic heat-insulating layer 5 is formed by arranging ALC exterior panels, wood chip cement panels, wood wool cement panels, etc. on main bodies such as main pillars and studs. It is also possible to form the airtight heat insulating layer 5 by combining a material having only heat insulating properties and an airtight film such as a polyethylene sheet or an aluminum vapor-deposited sheet. Numeral 6 denotes a heat exchanger for exchanging the air inside the house A surrounded by the airtight heat-insulating layer 5 with the outside air by reducing the flow of heat. More specifically, the heat exchanger 6 is disposed in the space 1 behind the cabin or in the underfloor space 3 (not shown), and as shown in FIG. When air is supplied to the living space 2 through the supply hole 8 and the air in the cabin back space 1 or the underfloor space 3 is discharged to the outside from the wife ventilation port 7, heat is exchanged between the two airs to reduce the thermal efficiency. It is to prevent. Air supply hole 8
Is provided at at least one of the ceiling 10, the inner wall 11, and the floor 12, and is connected to the heat exchanger 6 by a pipe 9. The air supply hole 8 is a simple hole or has a fan, and is for supplying fresh air taken into the living space 2 through the heat exchanger 6. For this reason, it is preferable that the air supply hole 8 is provided in each room. The heat exchanger 6
Although the inside and outside air is sucked and exhausted through the ventilating port 7 in the drawing, it can also be carried out through the underfloor venting port. Further, it is preferable that the hermetic heat-insulating layer 5 is disposed up to the surface of the foundation 14.

Here, the flow of air will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). First, fresh outside air is taken into the house A from the wife ventilation opening 7 and discharged to the living space 2 through the heat exchanger 6, the pipe 9, and the air supply hole 8. On the other hand, the air in the cabin back space 1 is discharged to the outside via the heat exchanger 6 and the wife ventilation opening 7. In this case, since the cabin back space 1, the underfloor space 3, and the ventilation space 4 are communicated with each other, the air in the cabin back space 1, the underfloor space 3, and the ventilation space 4 is substantially released to the outside. For this reason, combined with the fact that the house A is surrounded by the airtight and heat-insulating layer 5, the living space 2 has a high pressure and the back space 1, the underfloor space 3, and the ventilation space 4 have a low pressure. The moisture-containing air passes through the ceiling 10, the inner wall 11, and the floor 12, and moves to the cabin back space 1, the underfloor space 3, and the ventilation space 4. However, since this air is quickly discharged to the outside, dew condensation occurs. The house A can be prevented.

The above is only one embodiment of the house A according to the present invention, and the heat exchanger 6 can be operated by providing the fan 15 as shown in FIG. Although not shown, the heat exchanger 6 main body is disposed in the cabin back space 1 to take in the outside air,
In addition, the outlet of the inside air can be used as an underfloor ventilation port, or a heat exchanger 6
Can be arranged in the underfloor space 3, and the outside air intake and the inside air exhaust can be used as the wife ventilation opening 7. In addition, it is also possible to make the outside air inlet and the inside air outlet of the heat exchanger 6 separate, such as the wife ventilation port 7 and the underfloor ventilation port. In addition, an air collecting duct 13 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (a) and (b) is arranged in the space behind the hut 1, the space under the floor 3, and the like, and the air collected by the air collecting duct 13 is collected. It can also be discharged via the heat exchanger 6. That is, FIG. 2 shows an air collecting duct 13 in which pipes made of metal and plastic are formed in an antenna shape, and each has a slit 13a having a rectangular shape, an oval shape, a circular shape, or the like. FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show materials having voids composed of communicating tissues as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (h), for example, fibers such as glass fiber, plastic fiber, mineral fiber and metal fiber. Material, synthetic resin foam such as polyurethane foam and polyurea foam with open cell structure, porous ceramic, etc. are formed in a pipe shape such as ring, square, triangle, polygon, etc. It is formed from a body 13b and, if necessary, a coating film 13c that covers the whole or part of the inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical body 13b. The cylindrical body 13b
When the outer surface is entirely covered, a film having air permeability is used as the coating film 13c. Further, FIG.
Arrange the moisture-proof sheet 17 on the soil 16 as shown by the dotted line,
It is also possible to prevent moisture from entering the house A from underground. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, a slab heating section 18 including a heat insulating layer 19, a concrete layer 20, a hot water pipe 23 and the like is formed in the slab 16 to heat the house A in winter and to infiltrate moisture from the ground. It can also be turned off. That is, the soil heating section
In FIG. 6, a hot water pipe 23 is buried in a concrete layer 20 on a heat insulating layer 19 as shown in FIG. 6, and a heat medium such as antifreeze or gas heated by a heat source 24 is passed through the house. A heats the inside of A. Further addition of description, thermal insulation layer 19, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, those density closed cell foam structure with a rigid plastic foam such as phenol foam with a compressive strength of about 30~100kg / m ^2, or ALC plate, It is made of at least one of a wood chip cement board and a wood wool cement board, and has a thickness of about 10 to 100 mm. This heat insulation layer 19 is for preventing this heat from being released to the ground when hot water is passed through the hot water pipe 23 to perform soil heating. When the heat insulating layer 19 is made of a rigid plastic foam having a closed-cell foam structure, it has a moisture-proof property, and moisture from the ground does not enter the house A. When a moisture-permeable material is used, it is preferable to lay a moisture-proof sheet 26 as shown by a two-dot chain line or between the heat insulating layer 19 and the concrete layer 20 (not shown). The concrete layer 20 functions as a heat storage material and a heat dispersing material for the heat from the temperature pipe 23.By burying the hot water pipe 23, water is stored in the hot water pipe 23, which freezes and the hot water pipe 23 ruptures. It also helps to prevent The concrete layer 20
Are divided into a reinforced base concrete layer 21 and a soil concrete layer 22 for convenience. Reinforced base concrete layer 21
Is a layer mainly for facilitating the piping of the hot water pipe 23. The reinforcing base concrete layer 21 can be formed by driving concrete or using a PC board. The soil concrete layer 22 embeds the hot water pipe 23 and functions as a heat radiating portion for uniformly warming the air in the underfloor space 3. The hot water pipe 23
For example, pipes are provided as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, and it is preferable that the heat source 24 to the entrance on the reinforced base concrete layer 21 be covered with a heat insulating material 25. The hot water pipe 23 is made of a copper tube, a plastic tube, or the like, and performs soil heating by allowing an antifreeze solution, a heat medium gas, or the like to pass therethrough. In addition, a heat pump type is used as the heat source 24, and the hot water pipe 23 is used in summer.
It is also possible to perform cooling by passing a cold heat medium through the inside.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the house according to the present invention as described above, fresh outside air can be taken directly into the living space, and
Dew condensation can be prevented. Further, since all of the air intake and exhaust between the inside of the house and the outside are performed via the heat exchanger, a decrease in thermal efficiency can be prevented, and cooling and heating can be performed efficiently. There are effects and features such as.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory views showing a typical example of a house according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3 (a), (b) and 4 (a) to (h). , FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7 (a),
(B) is an explanatory view showing another embodiment. A: House, 5: Airtight insulation layer, 6: Heat exchanger, 7 ...
… Wife vent, 8… air supply hole.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A house having at least a back space, a living space, and an underfloor space, wherein an airtight insulation layer is formed on an outer wall and a roof, and a ventilation space is formed between the inner wall and the airtight insulation layer. The space and the underfloor space are communicated with each other, and a heat exchanger is provided in the back space or underfloor space, and an air supply hole is provided in the living space. Intake from the wife's ventilation opening or underfloor ventilation outlet and release to the living space from the air supply hole via the heat exchanger, and release the air in the cabin back space, underfloor space or ventilation space to the outside via the heat exchanger. A house characterized by doing so.