JPH02272235A - House - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To assure ventilation while preventing any irregular distribution of temperature within a dwelling spacing by a method wherein thermal insulating materials are arranged in outer walls and a roof, a heating part is formed at an under-floor spacing, air ascending within inter-wall spacings below windows is directly fed into dwelling spacing and at the same time the air within the dwelling spacings are discharged out of a house through a heat exchanger and at the same time the surrounding air is discharged into the under-floor spacing through the heat exchanger. CONSTITUTION:Thermal insulating layers 4 are for at least insulating input/output of heat between interior of a house A and the surrounding atmospheric part and they are composed of a roof thermal insulating layer 5 and an outer wall thermal insulating layer 6. A ground floor heating part 8 may heat within an under-floor spacing 3 and at the same time shield entering of humidity and this is composed of a ground floor thermal insulating layer 9, a concrete layer 10 and a thermal medium pipe 13. An aeration port 20 communicates with the inter-wall spacing 7 as well as dwelling spacings 2. A part of air ascending within the inter-wall spacing 7 is inputted into the dwelling spacings 2. A discharging port 22 is arranged at least one location within a ceiling 17, for example, and at the same time it is connected to a heat exchanger 23 through a pipe 24 so as to discharge air out of the house from the bwelling spacings 2. The air taken into the house through the heat exchanger 23 is discharged into the under-floor spacing 3 through a pipe 25.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Prior Art] In conventional houses, in order to improve livability, a heat insulating material is provided on the walls, etc. to block heat from entering and exiting the house. was.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, heating in such houses is performed using a heating device such as a stove in the living space, but in this case, the closer to the heat source the warmer it is, and the further away from the heat source the lower the temperature. The temperature distribution was such that the area near the ceiling was warm and the area near the floor was low.To solve this problem, excessive heating was required, leading to a deterioration of the indoor environment. In addition, in this case, since the heating is localized, there is a disadvantage that the user is subject to heat shock when moving from room to room. Moreover, in this case, the living space is often airtight, making it necessary to ventilate the dirty air generated in the living space, and this ventilation has the disadvantage of releasing heat to the outside. .

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention connects the attic space and the space under the floor with the space inside the wall, and also installs heat insulating materials on the outer walls and roof, and insulates the space under the floor with an earth insulation layer and concrete. By forming an earthen floor heating section consisting of a heating medium layer and a heat medium pipe buried in the concrete layer, and heating the air in the underfloor space in this earthen floor heating section, the living space is heated from the floor surface. By heating the living space through the inner walls as the warmed air rises through the wall space due to its rising force, temperature unevenness in the living space is prevented.
In addition, by allowing the air that rises in the wall space under the window to enter the living space directly, the heating effect is improved, and by preventing air stagnation in the wall space, heating from the inner wall surface is almost uniform. In addition, a heat exchanger is placed at any location within the house, and this heat exchanger is connected to at least one ventilation hole in the living space and the underfloor space, so that the air in the living space is channeled through the heat exchanger. This project proposes a house that facilitates ventilation of the house and the upward force of the air in the wall space by discharging the outside air to the outside and discharging the outside air to the underfloor space via a heat exchanger.

〔Example〕

The house according to the present invention will be explained in detail below using the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical embodiment of the house A, in which 1 is an attic space, 2 is a living space, and 3 is an underfloor space, each of which is divided by a ceiling 17 and a floor 18. It is an internal space.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a heat insulating layer that blocks at least heat from entering and exiting the inside of house A and the outside, and secondarily has soundproofing properties, airtightness, and fireproofing properties. To explain further, the heat insulating layer 4 consists of a roof heat insulating layer 5 and an outer wall heat insulating layer 6, each of which is in the form of a board, mat, sheet, or integrated with the roofing material or the outer wall material. Examples of the former include polystyrene board, polyurethane board, polyisocyanurate foam board, sheathing board, sheathing insulation board, wood chip cement board,
Wood wool cement boards, glass wool mats, etc., or composite boards of these, etc., and by placing metal roofing materials, tiles, etc. on these surfaces, you can create roofs, metal panels, tiles, ceramic panels, ALC boards, etc. The outer wall is formed by arranging the walls. Examples of the latter include a panel in which a surface material, a heat insulating core material, and a back material are integrally formed, an ALC exterior panel, a wood chip cement panel,
The outer wall heat insulation layer 6 and the roof heat insulation layer 5 are formed by placing wood wool cement panels or the like on a frame such as main pillars and studs. Reference numeral 7 denotes an in-wall space, which is provided between the outer wall insulation layer 6 and the inner wall 19, which communicates the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3, and is a space where air flows naturally or by forced convection, etc. This is useful for heating the living space 2 from the inner wall 19 by the air heated by the earthen floor heating section 8. The earthen floor heating section 8 heats the inside of the underfloor space 3 and blocks moisture from entering from the ground. As extracted and shown in FIG. 2, this earthen floor heating section 8 includes an earthen floor insulation layer 9, a concrete layer 10,
It is composed of a heat medium pipe 13. To explain further, the dirt floor insulation layer 9 is made of hard plastic foam such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, phenol foam, etc., and has a closed cell foam structure with a density of 3.
Those with compressive strength of about 0 to 100 kg/rl-f,
Alternatively, it is made of at least one type of ALC board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, etc., and has a thickness of about 10 to 100 mm. This earthen floor insulation layer 9 is a heat medium pipe 1
This is to prevent this heat from being released to the ground when performing earthen floor heating by passing a heat medium such as hot water into the room. Note that when the dirt floor insulation layer 9 is made of a hard plastic foam with a closed-cell foam structure, it has moisture resistance and prevents moisture from entering the house A from the ground.
When using a permeable material such as a board or wood wool cement board, a moisture-proof sheet 14 is installed as shown by the two-dot chain line or between the earthen insulation layer 9 and the concrete layer 10 (not shown).
It is preferable to install The concrete layer 10 functions as a heat storage material and a dispersion material for heat from the heat medium pipe 3, and by burying the heat medium pipe 13, water will be stored in the heat medium pipe 13 and will not freeze. This is also useful for preventing the heat medium pipe 13 from bursting when the heat medium pipe 13 is heated.

Note that the concrete layer 10 is divided into a reinforced base concrete layer 11 and an earthen concrete layer 12 for convenience.

The reinforced base concrete layer 11 is a layer mainly for facilitating piping of the heat medium pipe 13.

This reinforced base concrete layer 11 can also be formed by pouring concrete or using a PC board. Moreover, the earthen floor concrete layer 12 buries the heat medium pipe 13 and functions as a heat radiating section for warming the air in the underfloor space 3 in a negative manner. The heat medium pipe 13 is arranged as shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), for example, and can be covered with a heat insulating material 16 from the heat source 15 to the entrance on the reinforced base concrete layer ll. This is preferable. This heat medium vibrator 13 is
It is made of steel pipes, plastic pipes, etc., and heats the earthen floor by passing a heat medium such as antifreeze or heat transfer gas inside. To explain further, the air in the underfloor space 3 heated by the earthen floor heating section 8 heats the living space 2 from the floor 18 surface, and the air in the wall space 7 is heated in the attic by the rising force caused by the heating. It rises toward the space 1, and at this time heats the living space 2 via the inner wall 19. Therefore, the living space 2 is heated from both the floor 18 and the inner wall 19, and is heated almost uniformly. Moreover, since the entire living space 2 in house A is heated, each room has a -like temperature, which prevents heat shock.
It becomes a comfortable living space 2. 20 is a vent, and the wall space 7
This is for communicating with the living space 2 and introducing a part of the air rising through the intra-wall space 7 into the living space 2. To explain further, the vent 20 is provided at the bottom of the window 21, and the air heated by the earthen floor heating unit 8 is directly taken into the living space 2, and the air rising in the wall space 7 is raised by the window 21. and prevent stagnation,
This is to prevent temperature unevenness on the inner wall 19. Note that it is also possible to incorporate a louver, an opening/closing mechanism, a fan, etc. into the vent 20. Reference numeral 22 denotes an exhaust port, which is disposed at least at one location on the ceiling 17, for example, and is connected to the heat exchanger 23 by a pipe 24. The exhaust port 22 is for discharging dirty air generated in the living space 2, and together with the vent 20, the living space 2 is ventilated by making it one path for air circulation. The heat exchanger 23 is installed at any location in the house A, such as the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3, and exchanges heat between the air released from the living space 2 to the outside and the air taken into the house A from the outside. The air taken in through the heat exchanger 23 is discharged into the underfloor space 3 through a pipe 25. This is because the air in the underfloor space 3 is heated by the earthen floor heating unit 8 and rises in the wall space 7, and this increases the rising force and supplies fresh air to the living space 2 through the vents 20. It's for a reason. Note that a fan (not shown) is arranged in the exhaust port 22, the heat exchanger 23, or the pipes 24 and 25.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the present invention for a house, and as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It is also possible to discharge it to the outside together with the air in the living space 2 via the heat exchanger 23. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a duct 28 is arranged from the attic space 1 to the underfloor space 3, and a fan (not shown) is installed.
By blowing the air from the attic space 1 into the attic space 3 in the winter, or by blowing the air from the attic space 3 into the attic space 1 in the summer, it is also possible to forcibly create an air flow. be. Furthermore, a distribution duct 26 as shown in FIGS. 5, 6 (a) and (b) is attached to the underfloor space 3 side of the pipe 25, and the outside air taken in through the heat exchanger 23 is released. It can also be done over a wide range.

That is, FIG. 5 shows a pipe-shaped pipe made of metal or plastic that is formed into an antenna shape or a spiral shape (not shown), and has a rectangular, circular, oval, etc. sulin (26a). be. Also, Fig. 6(a), (
b) is a material with voids consisting of an open structure, such as fibrous materials such as glass fiber plastic fibers, mineral fibers, and metal fibers, synthetic resin foams such as polyurethane foam and polyurea foam with an open cell structure, porous ceramics, etc. The pipes are formed into a ring-shaped, square-shaped, triangular-shaped, polygonal, etc. cross-sectional shape, and are arranged as shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b). In this case, the voids in the continuous fibers serve as the slits 26a, so that uniform suction and discharge can be performed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, according to the house according to the present invention, ■the outer wall;
It forms an insulating layer on the roof, allowing efficient cooling and heating. ■The earthen floor heating section heats the living space from both the floor and inner walls, providing uniform heating. ■Since the entire house is heated by the earthen floor heating section, there is no heat shock and a healthy environment is created. ■Since the space inside the wall and the living space are connected by a vent, the air heated by the earthen floor heating section can be taken directly into the living space and used for heating, making it possible to heat the room efficiently.

■Since the vents are provided under the windows, air does not stagnate in the inner wall space, allowing uniform heating from the inner wall surface. ■The living space can also be ventilated, improving livability. ■Ventilation is performed via a heat exchanger, allowing for efficient heating.

■Since the outside air taken in through the heat exchanger is released into the underfloor space, it helps the air rise and makes heating from the inner wall surface more uniform. ■It is possible to block the infiltration of moisture from the dirt floor, making the house more durable. It has the following effects and characteristics.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a typical example of a house according to the present invention, FIGS. 2, 3 (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining the earthen floor heating section, and Figure 6 (a), (b),
FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) are explanatory diagrams illustrating other embodiments. A...House, 1...Attic space, 2...Living space, 3...Underfloor space, 7...Inner wall space, 8...Earth floor heating section, 20...Vent , 21...window, 22...
Exhaust port, 23...heat exchanger. Figure 1 Figure 2 1 ・ ・ 2 ・ ・ 3 ・ ・ 4 ・ ・ 7 ・ ・ ・Hut vacuum space, living space, under-floor space, insulation layer, wall space 21... window 23... heat exchanger Figure 3 (Figure 3 ()I) Figure Figure 3 (Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a house consisting of an attic space, a living space, and an underfloor space, and in which the attic space and the underfloor space are communicated by an intrawall space between an inner wall and an outer wall, a roof surrounding said space,
In addition to forming a heat insulating layer on the outer wall, a concrete layer is laminated on the dirt floor insulating layer in the underfloor space, and a heat transfer pipe is buried in the concrete layer, and a heat transfer medium is embedded in the heat transfer pipe. Also, a ventilation hole connecting the inner wall space and the living space is provided under the window of the inner wall, and an exhaust port is provided in at least one place in the living space, and the air outlet and the house are connected to each other. By connecting it to a heat exchanger placed indoors, the air in the living space is released to the outside via the heat exchanger, while
A house characterized in that outside air is discharged into an underfloor space through the heat exchanger.