JPH01306747A - House - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce heat loss and ventilate a living space, by connecting a draft duct, a heat collection duct, a diffuser duct and a heat exchanger to a central duct, and connecting the heat exchanger to a ventilating fan and an ventilating port for ventilating the interior of a house. CONSTITUTION:A ventilating fan 18 is connected to a heat exchanger 13 by a pipe 24, and air polluted or moistened in a living space 2 is exhausted to the exterior through the heat exchanger 14. A wall collector space 7 and a roof collector space 9 collect solar heat through an outer wall 6 and a roof 8. A central duct 14 mixes air taken in through the heat exchanger 13 with air heated in a collector space 5 or air in an attic space 1, supplies the mixed air to a diffuser duct 17 in an underfloor space 3 through a pipe 23 and a fan 26, and releases the air into the attic space 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a house using a so-called air cycle, which utilizes air flow. More specifically, the present invention relates to a house that has low heat loss and also has a ventilation function for the living space.

(Prior Art) In houses with this type of structure, the underfloor space and the attic space are communicated with each other through the wall space, and these spaces are ventilated naturally or by forced air circulation.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in conventional air cycle houses that utilize natural ventilation, when only a limited room is heated, such as in the winter, the air cycle of the entire house is not performed. This is because when only one room in a house is heated, the interior walls and ceiling of the house, as well as the shoji screens on the hallway side, etc., are heated, and only the internal space of this part increases in temperature, causing an air cycle for the entire house. The problem was that when the rising temperature reached a certain height on the wall, it was lowered by the cold air from the ground and condensed water at that point. Of course, since stoves and other equipment are located on the floor, the air cycle space in the vicinity immediately condenses due to contact with the low temperature and high humidity heated air from the underfloor space, corrosion of the base, and dampness of the insulation material (glass wool). rag)
There were drawbacks to promoting this. Furthermore, both the air cycle houses with natural ventilation and the air cycle houses with forced ventilation do not have a structure to take air into the indoor space, nor do they have a structure that allows air to be completely distributed in the air cycle space.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention provides ventilation with less heat loss by making the living space part of the air cycle path, and also reduces energy consumption in winter by collecting solar heat on the outer walls and roof. This project proposes a house that improves livability and durability by preventing heat from flowing into the house by taking in and exhausting the air inside the house through a heat exchanger. .

[Example] An example of a house according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a typical example of the above-mentioned house, where 1 is an attic space, 2 is a living space,
3 is the underfloor space, 4 is the airtight insulation layer, l is the collector space,
11 is a ventilation space, 13 is a heat exchanger, 14 is a central duct, 15 is a draft duct, 16 is a heat collection duct, 17
18 is a ventilation fan, and 20 to 24 are vibrators. That is, attic space 1, living space 2, underfloor space 3
The ventilation space 11 is a space surrounded by the airtight insulation layer 4 inside the house A, and is divided into three spaces by the inner wall lO1 ceiling 27 and the floor 28, and the attic space 1 is a space surrounded by the airtight insulation layer 4. It performs an air dam-like function of supplying the air that has passed through the air supply port 19 to the living space 2 or, as will be described later, to the central duct 14. Further, the living space 2 is a space where the resident carries out his daily life, and is connected to the underfloor space 3 or the attic space 1 by an air supply port 19. This air supply port 19 is a passage for sending the air in the underfloor space 3 and the attic space 1 to the living space 2, and may be a simple thank-you note or one with a forced air fan. Further, a ventilation fan 18 is provided at at least one location in the living space 2. This ventilation fan 18 is connected to the heat exchanger 13 by a vibrator 24, and in the living space 2, the heat exchanger 1 transfers dirty air and humid air caused by the breathing of the occupant and exhaust from a heater such as a stove.
This is for discharging to the outside via 3. The underfloor space 3 is a space divided by the living space 2 and the floor 28, and is communicated with the attic space 1 via the ventilation space 11. Further, the attic space 1, living space 2, and underfloor space 3 are surrounded by an airtight heat insulating layer 4. This airtight insulation layer 4 is made of a material that has at least heat insulation and sealing properties, and secondarily has sound insulation properties, sound absorption properties, and moisture proof properties, such as a sheathing board, sheathing insulation board, etc.
It is formed from an LC board, various synthetic resin boards, wood chip cement boards, glass wool boards, etc., or composite boards thereof. To explain further, the airtight insulation layer 4 is
The exterior of the building is divided into two groups: the attic space 1, the living space 2, and the underfloor space 3, and the collector space consisting of the wall collector space 7 and the roof collector space 9. This prevents distribution.

Note that it is also possible to attach an airtight film such as a polyethylene sheet or an aluminum vapor-deposited sheet to the outer surface (the surface on the collector space i side) or the inner surface of the airtight heat insulating layer 4. The collector space -5- consists of a wall collector space 7 and a roof collector space 9, where the wall collector space 7 is a space surrounded by an outer wall 6 and an airtight insulation layer 4, and the roof collector space 9 is a space surrounded by a roof 8 and an airtight insulation layer. It is the space between 4 and 4. The wall collector space 7 and roof collector space 9 are parts that collect solar heat via the outer wall 6 and roof 8. To explain further, the collector space system releases part of the external air sent to the central duct 14 via the heat exchanger 13 through the draft duct 15 at the lower end and tip of the wall collector space 7 and the roof collector space 9, respectively. This is a part where the air is heated by solar heat via the outer wall 6 and the roof 8. This warmed air rises, is collected in the heat collecting duct 16, and is sent into the centil duct 14 via the fan 25. Note that air is supplied to the collector space by operating the fan 25 in FIG. 1 and sucking the air in the collector space 1 through the heat collecting duct 16,
It is also possible to interpose a fan between the two. Further, the operation of the fan 25 is performed depending on the temperature of the air within the centrifugal duct 14 and the temperature of the air within the collector space l. Further, although the draft duct 15 is shown as one piece separated in the middle, there are separate draft ducts 1 for the wall collector space 7 and the roof collector space 9.
It can also be set to 5. The central duct 14 mixes the air taken in through the heat exchanger 13 with the air warmed by the collector space or the air in the attic space 1, and then sends it to the distribution duct 17 in the underfloor space 3 via the pipe 23 and the fan 26. At the same time, air is supplied to the collector space i, and air is discharged to the attic space l depending on the relationship between the pressure in the centil duct 14 and the pressure in the attic space l. Its structure is as shown in FIGS. 3(a) to 3(c). That is, the central duct 14
is a cross section of a material with voids consisting of a continuous structure, such as fibrous materials such as glass fiber, plastic fiber, mineral fiber, and metal fiber, synthetic resin foam such as open-cell structure polyurethane foam and polyurea foam, and porous ceramics. A cylindrical body 14 formed into a pipe shape such as a ring shape, a square shape, a triangle shape, a polygon shape, etc., and having both ends closed.
a, and a coating film 14b that entirely or partially covers the inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical body 14a, if necessary. In addition, when covering the entire inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical body 14a, a material having air permeability is used as the coating film 14b. To explain further, the central duct 14 is connected to the heat exchanger 13 and the pipe 22, and to the distribution duct 17 by the pipe 23, as shown in FIG. , are connected to the heat collection duct 16. In addition, pipe 22.23,
The draft duct 15 and the heat collection duct 16 can be connected at any position in the central duct 14. Also, since the cylindrical body 14a has a gap with a communicating structure, the heat exchanger 13 and the heat collection duct 16 can be connected at any position in the central duct 14. If the amount of air supplied from the attic is smaller than the amount of air supplied to the draft duct 15 and the distribution duct 17, the air in the attic space 1 can be taken in through the cylindrical body 14a, and vice versa. back space 1
can be released to The heat exchanger 13 is, for example, a fifth heat exchanger.
With the structure shown in the figure, the duct 13a113b is connected to the ventilation port 12, and the duct 13c is connected to the central duct 14,
The duct 13d is connected to the ventilation fan 18 of the living space 2. That is, the heat exchanger 14 is connected to the ventilation port 12 from the outside.
When the fresh air taken in through the duct 13a is taken in by the duct 13a and sent to the central duct 14 from the duct 13c, the heat of the warm air discharged from the duct 13d to the outside through the duct 13b is exchanged. This is to prevent entry and exit. The distribution duct 17 distributes the air sent from the central duct 14 through the pipe 23 to the underfloor space 3.
The central duct 14
For example, by arranging similar materials as shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), or by forming pipes made of metal or plastic into an antenna shape as shown in Figure 7, Surin (square, oval, circular, etc.) 17a
0 ventilation space 11
is a space formed between the inner wall 10 and the airtight insulation layer 4,
The lower part is a space continuous with the underfloor space 3, and the upper part is a space continuous with the attic space 1. This ventilation space 11 is a space for warm air to move from the underfloor space 3 to the attic space 1, and is for removing cold air near the inner wall 10 of the living space 2.

Here, the flow of air will be explained using FIGS. 1 and 2. First, we will explain the flow of air in winter. Air taken in from the outside B via the ventilation port 12 moves to the central duct 14 via the heat exchanger 13.

In the central duct 14, air is sent to the distribution duct 17, and when heat is collected in the collector space 1, it is sent to the collector space 1 by the draft duct 5, heated there, and returned to the central duct 14. The air released from the distribution duct 17 in the underfloor space 3 moves to the living space 2 through the air supply port 19, and a part of it moves to the attic space 1 through the ventilation space 11, and then passes through the air supply port 19. Move to living space 2 via. The air in the living space 2 passes through a ventilation fan 17 installed in the kitchen, bathroom, etc., together with moisture, gas, etc. emitted from the human body and the heater, and then passes through the heat exchanger 1.
3 to the outside B. In this way, in the winter, it is possible to minimize the flow of heat generated in house A to the outside B, and at the same time provide ventilation, providing heating without heat loss and bringing in fresh air. House A is created, and there is no cold air near the floor 28 or inner wall 10. In addition, in the summer, the heat from outside B is reduced by stopping the air blowing to the collector space, allowing air to circulate in each space within the airtight insulation layer 4, and taking in and exhausting air through the heat exchanger 13. This allows ventilation to be carried out without the air being transmitted into the house A.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the present invention for a house, and it is also possible to arrange the heat exchanger 13 in the underfloor space 3, ventilation space 11, etc. In addition, it is also possible to provide an open/close type ventilation opening (not shown) in the collector space -5- or use ventilation openings at both ends of the heat collection duct 16 to release the heat in the vertical direction of the collector space to the outside in the summer. It is possible.

Furthermore, the vicinity of the connecting portions of the central duct 14 with the vibes 22, 23, the draft duct 15, and the heat collection duct 16 (the part indicated by hatching in FIG. 4) is made of an impermeable material, so that the air from the heat exchanger 13 is It is also possible to make the supply pressure more distributed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the house according to the present invention, (1) All intake and exhaust from the outside is performed through a heat exchanger, so there is no heat input or output, and heating and cooling can be performed efficiently.

■During the winter, solar heat can be utilized in the wall collector space and roof collector space, reducing heating costs. ■You can also ventilate the living space at the same time. ■Since it forms an airtight insulation layer, there are no drafts, allowing for efficient cooling and heating. ■The central duct allows air from the heat exchanger, collector space, and attic space to be transferred to the underfloor space, removing cold air near the floor and inner walls and warming the living space. It has the following effects and characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a house according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a block diagram explaining the flow of air, Figure 3 (a
)~(c), Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a central duct, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a heat exchanger, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a heat exchanger.
Figures (a), (b), and Fig. 7 are explanatory diagrams showing an example of a distribution duct. A...house, 1...attic space, 2...living space, 3...underfloor space, 4...airtight insulation layer, vertical...collector space, 11...ventilation space, 13... Heat exchanger, 14... Central duct, 15... Draft duct, 16... Heat collection duct, 17... Distribution duct, 18... Ventilation fan, 19... Air supply port . Patent applicant: IG Technology Institute Co., Ltd. Fig. 1 4... Airtight insulation layer 14... Central duct 15... Draft duct 16... Heat collection duct Fig. 2 Fig. 3 (ku) ()+ )(suA/ '4
N1! Figure 10 Figure 5 Figure 6 (to) Figure 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) The interior of the house is divided by an airtight insulation layer into an attic space, a living space, an underfloor space, a ventilation space, and a collector space consisting of a wall collector space and a roof collector space, and the attic space and underfloor space are Communication is achieved through a ventilation space between the inner wall and the airtight insulation layer, and at least one of the underfloor space and the living space or the attic space and the living space is connected by an air supply port, and a draft duct and a heat collection duct are provided in the collector space. In addition, a cylindrical central duct with a void made of a communicating structure is installed in the attic space, a distribution duct is installed in the underfloor space, and a ventilation fan is installed in the living space, and heat exchanger can be installed at any location within the house. The central duct includes a draft duct, a heat collection duct, a distribution duct,
A house characterized in that a heat exchanger is connected to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is connected to a ventilation fan and a ventilation opening for intake and exhaust air inside the house.