JP7442513B2 - 低密度の硬化性組成物 - Google Patents
低密度の硬化性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7442513B2 JP7442513B2 JP2021517749A JP2021517749A JP7442513B2 JP 7442513 B2 JP7442513 B2 JP 7442513B2 JP 2021517749 A JP2021517749 A JP 2021517749A JP 2021517749 A JP2021517749 A JP 2021517749A JP 7442513 B2 JP7442513 B2 JP 7442513B2
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Classifications
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- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
(a)全組成物を基準として10重量%~60重量%の割合の少なくとも一の湿気反応性ポリマーP、
(b)全組成物を基準として少なくとも9重量%の割合の少なくとも一つの無機充填材F、
(c)全組成物を基準として3重量%~25重量%の少なくとも一つのタイプの中空微小球H、
ここで、この組成物は、1.20kg/L未満、好ましくは1.10kg/L未満の密度を有し、かつ
中空微小球Hは、少なくとも2.5MPa、好ましくは少なくとも5MPaの、ASTM D3102-72に従って測定される圧縮強度を有し、かつ
中空微小球Hは、100μm未満の、コールターカウンターで測定される体積ベースの粒径D90を有することを特徴とする、
湿気硬化型組成物を提供する。
- 例えば接着剤、被覆剤、埋込み用樹脂、シーリングジョイント、成形品若しくはスラブ材フォームのために用いられるようなポリウレタン組成物、特にポリオールとイソシアネートとの反応によって架橋を受ける二液型系又は例えば粉体塗装、コイル塗装、電気塗装材料若しくは液体ペイントに使用されるような、ブロックト(潜在的な)イソシアネート基若しくはブロックト(潜在的な)アミノ基を有する一液型系;又は
- シラン官能性ポリマー(シラン基を含有するポリマー)をベースとする組成物。シラン官能性ポリマーをベースとする組成物は、比較的低い触媒濃度でも迅速に硬化し、さらにプライマーの使用なしでも多くの基材上で良好な接着挙動を示す。それらは、イソシアネートの不在という理由で毒物学的にも有利である。
R14は、1~5個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の一価ヒドロカルビル基、とりわけメチル、又はエチル、又はイソプロピルであり;
R15は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の一価ヒドロカルビル基、とりわけメチル又はエチルであり;及び
xは、0、又は1、又は2、好ましくは0又は1、とりわけ0の値を有する)
のアルコキシシラン基である。
R16は、環状及び/又は芳香族部分並びに任意選択的に1個以上のヘテロ原子、とりわけ1個以上の窒素原子を任意選択的に有する、1~12個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の二価のヒドロカルビル基であり;
Tは、-O-、-S-、-N(R17)-、-O-CO-N(R17)-、-N(R17)-CO-O-及び-N(R17)-CO-N(R17)-から選択される二価の基であり、ここで、R17は、水素、又は環状部分を任意選択的に有し、且つアルコキシシラン、エーテル若しくはカルボン酸エステル基を任意選択的に有する、1~20個の炭素原子を有する線状若しくは分岐状ヒドロカルビル基であり;及び
R14、R15及びxは、上に定義されたとおりである)
の末端基を有する。
- 接着促進剤及び/又は架橋剤、特に3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルジメトキシメチルシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルジメトキシメチルシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-N’-[3-(トリメトキシシリル)-プロピル]エチレンジアミン又はメトキシ基の代わりにエトキシ基を有するそれらの類似体及びまたN-フェニル-、N-シクロヘキシル若しくはN-アルキルアミノシラン、メルカプトシラン、エポキシシラン、(メタ)アクリロシラン、アンヒドリドシラン、カルバマトシラン、アルキルシラン又はイミノシラン、これらのシランのオリゴマー形態、第一級アミノシランとエポキシシラン又は(メタ)アクリロシラン又はアンヒドリドシランとから形成される付加体、アミノ官能性アルキルシルセスキオキサン、特にアミノ官能性メチルシルセスキオキサン又はアミノ官能性プロピルシルセスキオキサンなどの特にアミノシラン。3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N-(2-アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン若しくは3-ウレイドプロピルトリメトキシシラン又はこれらのシランのオリゴマー形態がとりわけ好適である;
- 乾燥剤、特にテトラエトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン又はシラン基のα位に官能基を有するオルガノアルコキシシラン、特にN-(メチルジメトキシシリルメチル)-O-メチルカルバメート、(メタクリルオキシメチル)シラン、メトキシメチルシラン、オルトギ酸エステル、酸化カルシウム又はモレキュラーシーブ、特にビニルトリメトキシシラン又はビニルトリエトキシシラン;
- 可塑剤、特にフタル酸エステル、特にフタル酸ジオクチル、フタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)、フタル酸ビス(3-プロピルヘプチル)、フタル酸ジイソノニル若しくはフタル酸ジイソデシル、オルトシクロヘキサンジカルボン酸のジエステル、特にシクロヘキサン-1,2-ジカルボン酸ジイソノニル、アジピン酸エステル、特にアジピン酸ジオクチル、アジピン酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)、アゼライン酸エステル、特にアゼライン酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)、セバシン酸エステル、特にセバシン酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)若しくはセバシン酸ジイソノニル、ポリオール、特にポリオキシアルキレンポリオール若しくはポリエステルポリオール、グリコールエーテル、グリコールエステル、有機リン酸若しくはスルホン酸エステル、スルホンアミド、ポリブテン又は天然油脂から誘導され、且つまた「バイオディーゼル」としても知られる脂肪酸メチル若しくはエチルエステル;
- 溶媒;
- 有機充填材、特に黒鉛、セルロース、ポリマー粉末、特にPVC粉末;
- 繊維、特にガラス繊維、炭素繊維、金属繊維、セラミック繊維又はポリマー繊維、例えばポリアミド繊維又はポリエチレン繊維など;
- 染料及び顔料;
- レオロジー調整剤、特に増粘剤、特にベントナイトなどのフィロシリケート、ヒマシ油の誘導体、水素化ヒマシ油、ポリアミト、ポリウレタン、ウレア化合物、ヒュームドシリカ、セルロースエーテル又は疎水的変性ポリオキシエチレン;
- 酸化、熱、光又はUV放射線に対する安定剤;
- 天然樹脂、脂肪又は油、例えばロジン、セラック、アマニ油、ヒマシ油又は大豆油など;
- 非反応性ポリマー、例えば特にエチレン、プロピレン、ブチレン、イソブチレン、イソプレン、酢酸ビニル又はアルキル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群からの不飽和モノマーのホモポリマー又はコポリマー、特にポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリイソブチレン、エチレン-酢酸ビニルコポリマー(EVA)又はアタクチックポリ-α-オレフィン(APAO)など;
- 界面活性物質、特に湿潤剤、均展剤、脱気剤又は消泡剤;
- 殺生物剤、特に殺藻剤、殺真菌剤又は真菌増殖を阻害する物質
並びに硬化性組成物に習慣的に使用される他の物質。ある種の構成成分を組成物に混ぜ込む前にそれらを化学的又は物理的乾燥にかけることが推奨され得る。
- ガラス、ガラスセラミック、コンクリート、モルタル、煉瓦、タイル、石膏及び天然石、例えば石灰石、花崗岩又は大理石など;
- 金属及び合金、例えばアルミニウム、鉄、鋼又は非鉄金属など、及びまた表面仕上げ金属又は合金、例えば亜鉛めっき金属又はクロムめっき金属など;
- 皮革、織物、紙、木材、樹脂、例えばフェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂又はエポキシ樹脂で接合された木材ベースの材料、樹脂-織物複合材及び他のいわゆるポリマー複合材;
- プラスチック、例えばポリ塩化ビニル(硬質及び軟質PVC)、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレンコポリマー(ABS)、ポリカーボネート(PC)、ポリアミド(PA)、ポリエステル、ポリ(メチルメタクリレート)(PMMA)、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン(PUR)、ポリオキシメチレン(POM)、ポリオレフィン(PO)、ポリエチレン(PE)若しくはポリプロピレン(PP)、エチレン-プロピレンコポリマー(EPM)若しくはエチレン-プロピレン-ジエンターポリマー(EPDM)など、又は繊維強化プラスチック、例えば炭素繊維強化プラスチック(CFP)、ガラス繊維強化プラスチック(GFP)及びシートモールディングコンパウンド(SMC)など、ここで、プラスチックは、好ましくは、プラズマ、コロナ又は火炎によって表面処理され得る;
- 被覆基材、例えば粉末被覆金属又は合金など;
- 塗料又はワニス、とりわけ自動車トップコート
である。
シラン官能性ポリマーSTP-1の製造
1000gのAcclaim(登録商標)12200ポリオール(Covestro製;低モノオールポリオキシプロピレンジオール、OH価 11.0mg KOH/g、含水量 約0.02重量%)、43.6gのイソホロンジイソシアネート(Evonik Industries製のVestanat(登録商標)IPDI)、126.4gのトリエチレングリコールビス(2-エチルヘキサノエート)(Eastman Chem.製のSolusolv(登録商標)2075)及び0.12gのジブチルスズジラウレートを、湿気を排除し、連続的に撹拌しながら90℃に加熱し、滴定法で測定されるような遊離イソシアネート基の含量が0.63重量%の値に達するまでこの温度に維持した。62.3gのN-(3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル)アミノコハク酸ジエチル(3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランとマレイン酸ジエチルとの付加体;米国特許第5,364,955号明細書に記載されるように製造された)を次に混ぜ入れ、遊離イソシアネートがFT-IR分光法によってもはや検出できなくなるまで混合物を90℃で撹拌した。シラン官能性ポリマーを室温に冷却し、湿気を排除して貯蔵した。
真空ミキサーに1000gの水素化フタル酸ジイソノニル(Hexamol(登録商標)DINCH,BASF)及び160gのジフェニルメタン4,4’-ジイソシアネート(Desmodur(登録商標)44 MC L,Bayer MaterialScience AG,Deutschland)を装入し、内容物を徐々に加熱した。90gのモノブチルアミンを次に激しく撹拌しながらゆっくり滴加した。結果として生じた白色ペーストを冷却しながら減圧下でさらに1時間撹拌した。チキソトロープ剤1は、20重量部のこの反応生成物と80重量部のフタル酸ジイソデシルとを含有する。
比較例は、表2~5では「(ref)」と表示する。使用される原材料を表1に記載する。
シラン官能性ポリマーSTP-1、可塑剤及び乾燥剤を、表2~5に示される重量部で真空ミキサーにおいて5分間十分に混合した。それぞれの充填材、中空微小球及びチキソトロープ剤を次に15分間60℃で混練した。加熱のスイッチを切り、接着促進剤、触媒及び任意選択的に安定剤を次に添加し、混合物を10分間減圧下で処理して均質ペーストにした。ペーストを次に内部被覆アルミニウムアプリケーターガンカートリッジに移し、貯蔵後、試験検体のためにさらに使用した。それぞれの実験のための個別の原材料の正確な量(各場合に全組成物を基準とする重量%単位での)を表2~5に示す。
本開示に係る発明は、下記の態様を含む:
<態様1>
以下を含む湿気硬化型組成物であって:
(a)前記全組成物を基準として10重量%~60重量%の割合の少なくとも一つの湿気反応性ポリマーP、
(b)前記全組成物を基準として少なくとも9重量%の割合の少なくとも一つの無機充填材F、
(c)前記全組成物を基準として3重量%~25重量%の少なくとも一つのタイプの中空微小球H、
ここで、前記組成物は、1.20kg/L未満、好ましくは1.10kg/L未満の密度を有し、かつ
前記中空微小球Hは、少なくとも2.5MPa、好ましくは少なくとも5MPaの、ASTM D3102-72に従って測定される圧縮強度を有し、かつ前記中空微小球Hは、100μm未満の、コールターカウンターで測定される体積ベースの粒径D90を有することを特徴とする、
湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様2>
前記中空微小球Hは、110μm以下の直径を有する中空ガラス球であることを特徴とする、態様1に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様3>
前記少なくとも一つの無機充填材Fは、沈澱した若しくはすり潰したチョーク、沈澱若しくはヒュームドシリカ、二酸化チタン、又は前記充填材の組み合わせからなるリストから選択されることを特徴とする、態様1又は2に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様4>
前記湿気反応性ポリマーPは、少なくとも一つのポリウレタンポリマーPUを含み、前記ポリウレタンポリマーPUは、遊離又は潜在的イソシアネート基を有し、かつ前記組成物は、加えて、イソシアネート基のための潜在的硬化剤を任意選択的に含むことを特徴とする、態様1~3のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様5>
前記湿気反応性ポリマーPは、少なくとも一つのシラン官能性ポリマーSTPを含むことを特徴とする、態様1~3のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様6>
前記シラン官能性ポリマーSTPは、下記の式(II)の末端基を有することを特徴とする、態様5に記載の湿気硬化型組成物:
R 14 は、1~5個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の一価ヒドロカルビル基であり;R 15 は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の一価ヒドロカルビル基であり;
xは、0、又は1、又は2の値を有し;
R 16 は、環状及び/又は芳香族部分並びに任意選択的に1個以上のヘテロ原子、とりわけ1個以上の窒素原子を任意選択的に有する、1~12個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の二価ヒドロカルビル基あり;かつ
Tは、-O-、-S-、-N(R 17 )-、-O-CO-N(R 17 )-、-N(R 17 )-CO-O-、及び-N(R 17 )-CO-N(R 17 )-から選択される二価の基であり、ここで、R 17 は、水素、又は環状部分を任意選択的に有し、かつアルコキシシラン、エーテル若しくはカルボン酸エステル基を任意選択的に有する、1~20個の炭素原子を有する線状若しくは分岐状ヒドロカルビル基である)。
<態様7>
少なくとも一つの添加剤をさらに含み、前記添加剤は、可塑剤、硬化触媒、安定剤、チキソトロープ剤、接着促進剤、及び乾燥剤からなるリストから選択されることを特徴とする、態様1~6のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様8>
前記全組成物を基準として少なくとも25重量%の無機充填材Fを含有することを特徴とする、態様1~7のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様9>
前記全組成物を基準として1重量%~25重量%のカーボンブラックをさらに含有することを特徴とする、態様1~7のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様10>
前記全組成物を基準として9重量%~15重量%の無機充填材F、及び前記全組成物を基準として5重量%~15重量%の中空微小球Hを含むことを特徴とする、態様1~7のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
<態様11>
防音及び/又は断熱のための接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングとしての、態様1~10のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物の使用。
<態様12>
難燃特性を有する接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングとしての、態様1~10のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物の使用であって、前記組成物は、硬化後、DIN EN 13501-1に定義されるとおりの難燃性クラスC(s2、d0)を達成する、使用。
<態様13>
減量のための接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングとしての、態様1~10のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物の使用。
<態様14>
態様13に記載の接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングで、接合、シール、又はコートされている建造物又は製造品。
<態様15>
態様1~10のいずれか一項に記載の硬化組成物。
Claims (12)
- 以下を含む湿気硬化型組成物であって:
(a)前記全組成物を基準として10重量%~60重量%の割合の少なくとも一つの湿気反応性ポリマーP、
(b)前記全組成物を基準として少なくとも9重量%の割合の少なくとも一つの無機充填材F、
(c)前記全組成物を基準として3重量%~25重量%の少なくとも一つのタイプの中空微小球H、
ここで、前記湿気反応性ポリマーPは、シラン基を含有するポリウレタンポリマーPUである少なくとも一つのシラン官能性ポリマーSTPを含み、前記シラン官能性ポリマーSTPは、下記の式(II):
R 14 は、1~5個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の一価ヒドロカルビル基であり;R 15 は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の一価ヒドロカルビル基であり;
xは、0、又は1、又は2の値を有し;
R 16 は、環状及び/又は芳香族部分並びに任意選択的に1個以上のヘテロ原子、とりわけ1個以上の窒素原子を任意選択的に有する、1~12個の炭素原子を有する線状又は分岐状の二価ヒドロカルビル基あり;かつ
Tは、-O-、-S-、-N(R 17 )-、-O-CO-N(R 17 )-、-N(R 17 )-CO-O-、及び-N(R 17 )-CO-N(R 17 )-から選択される二価の基であり、ここで、R 17 は、水素、又は、環状部分を任意選択的に有し、かつアルコキシシラン、エーテル若しくはカルボン酸エステル基を任意選択的に有する、1~20個の炭素原子を有する線状若しくは分岐状ヒドロカルビル基である)
の末端基を有し、
前記組成物は、1.20kg/L未満の密度を有し、かつ
前記中空微小球Hは、少なくとも2.5MPaの、ASTM D3102-72に従って測定される圧縮強度を有し、かつ前記中空微小球Hは、100μm未満の、コールターカウンターで測定される体積ベースの粒径D90を有することを特徴とする、
湿気硬化型組成物。 - 前記中空微小球Hは、110μm以下の直径を有する中空ガラス球であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
- 前記少なくとも一つの無機充填材Fは、沈澱した若しくはすり潰したチョーク、沈澱若しくはヒュームドシリカ、二酸化チタン、又は前記充填材の組み合わせからなるリストから選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
- 少なくとも一つの添加剤をさらに含み、前記添加剤は、可塑剤、硬化触媒、安定剤、チキソトロープ剤、接着促進剤、及び乾燥剤からなるリストから選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
- 前記全組成物を基準として少なくとも25重量%の無機充填材Fを含有することを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
- 前記全組成物を基準として1重量%~25重量%のカーボンブラックをさらに含有することを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
- 前記全組成物を基準として9重量%~15重量%の無機充填材F、及び前記全組成物を基準として5重量%~15重量%の中空微小球Hを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物。
- 防音及び/又は断熱のための接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングとしての、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物の使用。
- 難燃特性を有する接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングとしての、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物の使用であって、前記組成物は、硬化後、DIN EN 13501-1に定義されるとおりの難燃性クラスC(s2、d0)を達成する、使用。
- 減量のための接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングとしての、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物の使用。
- 請求項10に記載の接着剤、シーラント、又はコーティングで、接合、シール、又はコートされている建造物又は製造品。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の湿気硬化型組成物を硬化することによって得られる硬化組成物。
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