JP7372282B2 - 再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量を有する燃料及び燃料添加剤 - Google Patents
再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量を有する燃料及び燃料添加剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7372282B2 JP7372282B2 JP2021083831A JP2021083831A JP7372282B2 JP 7372282 B2 JP7372282 B2 JP 7372282B2 JP 2021083831 A JP2021083831 A JP 2021083831A JP 2021083831 A JP2021083831 A JP 2021083831A JP 7372282 B2 JP7372282 B2 JP 7372282B2
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- biogenic
- carbon
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- hydrocarbons
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
- C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
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- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Description
・燃料に変換するために使用される、MSW流から選別された原料物質;
・鉄及び非鉄金属、厚紙、プラスチック、紙、及び選別され商品市場に出荷され得るその他のリサイクル可能物質を含むがそれらに限定されない、回収可能材料;及び
・リサイクルされない、又は原料として使用されない物質の残りであり、埋立地に送られ得る、残留物質。
a.段階1-蒸気改質;
b.段階2-蒸気改質からの未反応炭素をガス化するための準化学量論的炭素酸化プロセス;及び
c.段階3-炭化水素改質。
C+H2O→H2+CO
2C+O2→2CO
C+O2→CO2。
CO+H2O⇔CO2+H2。
ガス化システムが構成され得、条件は、少なくとも以下のガス化反応が生じるように提供され得る:
C+H2O⇔H2+CO。
CO+H2O⇔CO2+H2。
nCO+(2n+1)H2→CnH2n+2+nH2O。
Claims (6)
- 合成パラフィン系ケロシン(SPK)及びディーゼルの内の少なくとも一つを含み、前記SPK及びディーゼルが、都市固形廃棄物(MSW)原料に由来するフィッシャー-トロプシュ液体に由来し、且つ、フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体と実質的に同じ生物起源濃度を有し、且つ、前記MSW原料と実質的に同じ生物起源濃度を有し、前記生物起源濃度が、炭素の化石源に由来する非生物起源炭素とは対照的に、放射性炭素年代測定法によって確認できる、前記MSW原料及び前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体の両方において100%まで生物起源炭素であり、
前記MSW原料が、80から100%の範囲における高い濃度の生物起源炭素を含み、
前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体が、以下の炭素特性を有し:
炭素数4から9の炭化水素が8.7から23モル%であり、炭素数10から19の炭化水素が18から36モル%であり、炭素数20から29の炭化水素が17から22モル%であり、炭素数30から39の炭化水素が9から11モル%であり、炭素数40以上の炭化水素が7から18モル%であり、炭素数10以上の炭化水素が70モル%以上である、再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料の製造方法であって、
前記MSW原料をシンガスに変換するステップであって、
1)過熱された蒸気及びO2を受け取り、前記MSW原料を乾燥、揮発及び気化して、CO、H2、H2O及びCO2、未反応の炭化物、不活性固体、並びに、未反応の炭化水素を含むシンガスを生成するガス化ステップと、
2)前記未反応の炭化物を気化する準化学量論的酸化ステップと、
3)任意の残りの炭化物、炭化水素及びタールをシンガスに変換する炭化水素改質ステップと、
を含む、ステップと、
前記シンガスを前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体に変換するステップと、
を含む、再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料の製造方法。 - 再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料であって、前記高い生物起源含量の燃料が:ナフサ、ディーゼル燃料、及び、合成パラフィン系ケロシン(SPK)の内の少なくとも一つを含み、前記ナフサ、ディーゼル及びSPKが、都市固形廃棄物(MSW)原料に由来するフィッシャー-トロプシュ液体に由来し、且つ、フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体と実質的に同じ生物起源濃度を有し、且つ、前記MSW原料と実質的に同じ生物起源の再生可能な有機濃度を有し、前記生物起源濃度が、炭素の化石源に由来する非生物起源炭素とは対照的に、放射性炭素年代測定法によって確認できる、前記MSW原料及び前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体の両方において100%まで生物起源炭素であり、
前記再生可能な有機原料が、80から100%の範囲における高い濃度の生物起源炭素を含み、
前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体が、以下の炭素特性を有し:
炭素数4から9の炭化水素が8.7から23モル%であり、炭素数10から19の炭化水素が18から36モル%であり、炭素数20から29の炭化水素が17から22モル%であり、炭素数30から39の炭化水素が9から11モル%であり、炭素数40以上の炭化水素が7から18モル%であり、炭素数10以上の炭化水素が70モル%以上である、再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料の製造方法であって、
前記MSW原料をシンガスに変換するステップであって、
1)過熱された蒸気及びO2を受け取り、前記MSW原料を乾燥、揮発及び気化して、CO、H2、H2O及びCO2、未反応の炭化物、不活性固体、並びに、未反応の炭化水素を含むシンガスを生成するガス化ステップと、
2)前記未反応の炭化物を気化する準化学量論的酸化ステップと、
3)任意の残りの炭化物、炭化水素及びタールをシンガスに変換する炭化水素改質ステップと、
を含む、ステップと、
前記シンガスを前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体に変換するステップと、
を含む、再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料の製造方法。 - 再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料添加剤であって、前記燃料添加剤が、ナフサ燃料、ディーゼル燃料、又は、合成パラフィン系ケロシン(SPK)の内の少なくとも一つである燃料添加剤を含み、前記ナフサ、ディーゼル及びSPKが、都市固形廃棄物(MSW)原料に由来するフィッシャー-トロプシュ液体に由来し、且つ、フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体と実質的に同じ生物起源の再生可能な有機濃度を有し、且つ、前記MSW原料と実質的に同じ生物起源濃度を有し、
前記生物起源濃度が、放射性炭素年代測定法によって確認でき、炭素の化石源に由来する非生物起源炭素とは対照的に前記MSW原料及び前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体の両方において100%まで生物起源炭素が存在し;
前記再生可能な有機原料が、80から100%の範囲における高い濃度の生物起源炭素を含み、
前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体が、以下の炭素特性を有し:
炭素数4から9の炭化水素が8.7から23モル%であり、炭素数10から19の炭化水素が18から36モル%であり、炭素数20から29の炭化水素が17から22モル%であり、炭素数30から39の炭化水素が9から11モル%であり、炭素数40以上の炭化水素が7から18モル%であり、炭素数10以上の炭化水素が70モル%以上である、再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料添加剤の製造方法であって、
前記MSW原料をシンガスに変換するステップであって、
1)過熱された蒸気及びO2を受け取り、前記MSW原料を乾燥、揮発及び気化して、CO、H2、H2O及びCO2、未反応の炭化物、不活性固体、並びに、未反応の炭化水素を含むシンガスを生成するガス化ステップと、
2)前記未反応の炭化物を気化する準化学量論的酸化ステップと、
3)任意の残りの炭化物、炭化水素及びタールをシンガスに変換する炭化水素改質ステップと、
を含む、ステップと、
前記シンガスを前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体に変換するステップと、
を含む、再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料添加剤の製造方法。 - 前記生物起源濃度が、前記MSW原料及び前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体の両方において同じ割合の生物起源炭素である、請求項1又は2に記載の再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料の製造方法。
- 前記生物起源濃度が、前記MSW原料及び前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体の両方において同じ割合の生物起源炭素である、請求項3に記載の再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料添加剤の製造方法。
- 前記生物起源含量の燃料添加剤が:
ナフサ、ディーゼル燃料、及び、合成パラフィン系ケロシン(SPK)の内の少なくとも一つを含み、前記ナフサ、ディーゼル及びSPKが、都市固形廃棄物(MSW)原料に由来するフィッシャー-トロプシュ液体に由来し、且つ、フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体と実質的に同じ生物起源濃度を有し、且つ、前記MSW原料と実質的に同じ生物起源の再生可能な有機濃度を有し、前記生物起源濃度が、炭素の化石源に由来する非生物起源炭素とは対照的に、放射性炭素年代測定法によって確認できる、前記MSW原料及び前記フィッシャー-トロプシュ液体の両方において100%まで生物起源炭素である、請求項3に記載の再生可能な有機原料に由来する高い生物起源含量の燃料添加剤の製造方法。
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