JP7365898B2 - 成膜方法及び成膜装置 - Google Patents
成膜方法及び成膜装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7365898B2 JP7365898B2 JP2019239349A JP2019239349A JP7365898B2 JP 7365898 B2 JP7365898 B2 JP 7365898B2 JP 2019239349 A JP2019239349 A JP 2019239349A JP 2019239349 A JP2019239349 A JP 2019239349A JP 7365898 B2 JP7365898 B2 JP 7365898B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/32—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers using masks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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- B05D1/60—Deposition of organic layers from vapour phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/405—Oxides of refractory metals or yttrium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45534—Use of auxiliary reactants other than used for contributing to the composition of the main film, e.g. catalysts, activators or scavengers
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Description
実施例1では溶液22の蒸気を基板10の表面10aに供給したのに対し、比較例1ではスピンコート法で溶液22を基板10の表面10aに塗布した。以下、詳細について説明する。
先ず、図1のS1では、基板10として、Cuが露出する第1領域A1と、SiOCが露出する第2領域A2とを表面10aに有するものを準備した。SAM20の選択成膜の前処理として、基板10の表面10aをクエン酸水溶液によって5分間60℃で洗浄した。また、溶液22として、原料21であるCH3(CH2)5SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備した。
比較例1では、溶液22の蒸気を基板10の表面10aに供給することの代わりに、スピンコート法で溶液22を基板10の表面10aに塗布したこと以外、実施例1と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。スピンコート法では、基板10を50pmで回転しながら、基板10の上面である表面10aの中心に溶液22を滴下した。基板10の温度は、27℃であった。
図11に、実施例1及び比較例1について、AlO膜の成膜直前の第1領域A1の表面状態をX線光電子分光(XPS)装置で測定したデータを示す。図11から明らかなように、実施例1によれば、比較例1に比べて、SAM20の構成元素である硫黄(S)のピークの強度が強く、SAM20の表面密度が高いことが分かる。
実施例2~4では、チオール系化合物の主鎖のカーボン数と、SAMのブロック性能との関係について調べた。
先ず、図1のS1では、基板10として、Cuが露出する第1領域A1と、SiO2が露出する第2領域A2とを表面10aに有するものを準備した。SAM20の選択成膜の前処理として、基板10の表面10aをギ酸水溶液によって5分間25℃で洗浄した。また、溶液22として、原料21であるCH3(CH2)5SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備した。
実施例3では、溶液22として原料21であるCH3(CH2)17SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備したこと以外、実施例2と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理を実施した。その後、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)で基板10の表面10aを観察したところ、第1領域A1に選択的にSAM20が形成されたことを確認できた。
実施例4では、溶液22として原料21であるCF3(CF2)7(CH2)2SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備したこと以外、実施例2と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理を実施した。その後、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)で基板10の表面10aを観察したところ、第1領域A1に選択的にSAM20が形成されたことを確認できた。
図13に、実施例2~4について、SAMの成膜直後の第1領域A1の表面状態をX線光電子分光(XPS)装置で測定したデータを示す。図11から明らかなように、実施例2によれば、実施例3~4に比べて、SAM20の構成元素である硫黄(S)のピークの強度が強く、SAM20の表面密度が高いことが分かる。これは、実施例2の原料21は、実施例3~4の原料21とは異なり、チオール系化合物の主鎖の炭素数が10以下であり、蒸気圧が高いためと推定される。蒸気圧が高ければ、蒸気の供給量が増える。
実施例5~7では溶液22の蒸気を基板10の表面10aに供給したのに対し、比較例2~7ではディップコート法で溶液22を基板10の表面10aに塗布した。以下、詳細について説明する。
先ず、図1のS1では、基板10として、Cuが露出する第1領域A1と、SiOCが露出する第2領域A2とを表面10aに有するものを準備した。SAM20の選択成膜の前処理として、基板10の表面10aを過酸化水素水溶液によって5分間60℃で洗浄した。また、溶液22として、原料21であるCH3(CH2)5SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備した。
実施例6では、前処理の洗浄液としてギ酸水溶液を用いたこと、及び溶液22としてCH3(CH2)17SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備したこと以外、実施例5と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
実施例7では、溶液22として原料21であるCF3(CF2)7(CH2)2SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備したこと以外、実施例5と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
比較例2では、溶液22の蒸気を基板10の表面10aに供給することの代わりに、ディップコート法で溶液22を基板10の表面10aに塗布したこと以外、実施例5と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。ディップコート法では、85℃で30分間、基板10の全体を溶液22に浸漬した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。また、AlO膜の代わりに、VN膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
比較例3では、前処理の洗浄液としてギ酸水溶液を用いたこと以外、比較例2と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。また、AlO膜の代わりに、VN膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
比較例4では、前処理の洗浄液としてイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)を用いたこと、及び溶液22としてCH3(CH2)17SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備したこと以外、比較例2と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。また、AlO膜の代わりに、VN膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
比較例5では、溶液22として原料21であるCF3(CF2)7(CH2)2SHを1体積%、溶媒であるトルエンを99体積%含むものを準備したこと以外、比較例4と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。また、AlO膜の代わりに、VN膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
比較例6では、前処理の洗浄液として過酸化水素水溶液を用いたこと以外、比較例5と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。また、AlO膜の代わりに、VN膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
比較例7では、ディップコート時の基板10の温度を20℃、浸漬時間を24時間に設定した以外、比較例2と同様に、SAM20の成膜処理と、AlO膜の成膜処理とを実施した。なお、AlO膜の代わりに、HfO膜の成膜処理をも実施した。
表1に、実施例5~7及び比較例2~7の実験条件と実験結果を示す。
10a 表面
A1 第1領域
A2 第2領域
20 SAM(自己組織化単分子膜)
21 原料
22 溶液
23 蒸気
30 対象膜
Claims (8)
- 第1材料が露出する第1領域、及び前記第1材料とは異なる第2材料が露出する第2領域を表面に有する基板を準備することと、
自己組織化単分子膜の原料、及び前記原料を溶解する溶媒を含む溶液の蒸気を、前記基板の前記表面に供給し、前記第1領域及び前記第2領域のうちの前記第1領域に選択的に自己組織化単分子膜を形成することと、
前記第1領域に形成された前記自己組織化単分子膜を用いて、前記第1領域及び前記第2領域のうちの前記第2領域に所望の対象膜を形成することと、
を有し、
前記自己組織化単分子膜を形成することは、前記溶液の液面よりも上方で前記基板を保持する基板保持部と前記溶液とを収容する処理容器内で、前記溶液の蒸気を前記基板の前記表面に供給して前記表面に前記原料を堆積することと、前記表面に堆積した前記表面に未反応の前記原料を除去することと、を有し、
前記未反応の前記原料を除去することは、前記原料を溶解する溶媒であって65℃以上に加熱した溶媒を、前記表面に供給することを有する、成膜方法。 - 前記溶液の前記蒸気を前記基板の前記表面に供給することは、前記基板の温度を前記溶液の温度よりも高い温度に制御することを含む、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記溶液の前記蒸気を前記基板の前記表面に供給することは、前記基板を収容する第1処理容器の内壁面の前記蒸気に接触する部分の温度を、前記溶液の温度よりも高い温度に制御することを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記溶液に含まれる前記溶媒の沸点は、40℃~120℃である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記溶液の前記蒸気を前記基板の前記表面に供給する時間は、60秒~300秒である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記第1領域の前記第1材料は、金属又は半導体であり、
前記第2領域の前記第2材料は、絶縁材料であり、
前記自己組織化単分子膜の前記原料は、チオール系化合物である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。 - 前記第1領域の前記第1材料は、絶縁材料であり、
前記第2領域の前記第2材料は、金属又は半導体であり、
前記自己組織化単分子膜の前記原料は、シラン系化合物である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。 - 第1材料が露出する第1領域、及び前記第1材料とは異なる第2材料が露出する第2領域を表面に有する基板上に所望の対象膜を成膜する成膜装置であって、
自己組織化単分子膜の原料、及び前記原料を溶解する溶媒を含む溶液の蒸気を、前記基板の前記表面に供給し、前記第1領域及び前記第2領域のうちの前記第1領域に選択的に前記自己組織化単分子膜を形成する第1処理部と、
前記第1処理部によって形成された前記自己組織化単分子膜を用いて、前記第1領域及び前記第2領域のうちの前記第2領域に所望の対象膜を形成する第2処理部と、
前記第1処理部、及び前記第2処理部に対して、前記基板を搬送する搬送部と、
前記第1処理部、前記第2処理部、及び前記搬送部を制御する制御部と、
を備え、
前記第1処理部は、前記溶液の液面よりも上方で前記基板を保持する基板保持部と、前記基板保持部と前記溶液を収容する処理容器と、前記原料を溶解する溶媒を前記基板の前記表面に供給するノズルと、を有し、前記処理容器内で、前記溶液の蒸気を前記基板の前記表面に供給して前記表面に前記原料を堆積し、前記表面に堆積した前記表面に未反応の前記原料を、65℃以上に加熱した前記溶媒で除去する、成膜装置。
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