JP7341230B2 - Igf-1遺伝子突然変異小人症動物モデルおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
Igf-1遺伝子突然変異小人症動物モデルおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明のさらに他の態様は、IGF-1(insulin-like growth factor1)遺伝子をコードするDNAにハイブリダイズするgRNAをコードするヌクレオチド配列;Cas9タンパク質をコードするヌクレオチド配列;および前記ヌクレオチド配列に作動可能に連結されたプロモーターを含む組換え発現ベクターが導入された小人症(dwarfism)動物モデル作製用形質転換細胞株を、ヒトを除いた動物から得た脱核卵子に移植して核移植卵を形成するステップと、前記核移植卵を、ヒトを除いた動物である代理母の卵管に移植するステップとを含む小人症動物モデルの製造方法を提供する。
本発明のさらに他の態様は、IGF-1(insulin-like growth factor1)遺伝子突然変異小人症動物モデルを提供する。
1-1.IGF-1ノックアウト遺伝子ハサミ発現ベクターシステム
ブタIGF-1遺伝子の4個のエクソン中、2番エクソンを標的にCRISPR/Cas9遺伝子ハサミをデザインした。具体的なブタIGF-1遺伝子座は図1に示す通りであり、標的IGF-1塩基配列およびPAM(protospacer adjacent motif)配列およびsgRNAがハイブリダイズされるIGF-1塩基配列(標的IGF-1塩基配列と相補的な配列)は表1の通りである。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタ生産のために、体細胞複製のための正常ミニブタ供与細胞株に、実施例1-1で製造したIGF-1ノックアウト遺伝子ハサミ発現ベクターシステムを導入させた後、ベクターシステムの導入および作動の有無を蛍光顕微鏡分析により確認した。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタ生産のために、体細胞複製のための正常ミニブタ供与細胞株に、実施例1-1で製造したIGF-1ノックアウト遺伝子ハサミ発現ベクターシステムを導入した後、ベクターシステムの導入および作動の有無を確認するために、フローサイト分析を行って、全体細胞のうち赤色蛍光および緑色蛍光が発現する細胞を定量的に確認した。
2-1.IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換供与細胞株の検証-塩基配列分析
体細胞複製のための正常ミニブタ供与細胞株にIGF-1ノックアウト遺伝子ハサミベクターシステムを導入した後、単一細胞(single cell)で培養した形質転換ミニブタ供与細胞株に対して塩基配列分析法(sequencing analysis)を行って、IGF-1ノックアウト遺伝子ハサミベクターシステムによってsgRNAがハイブリダイズされるIGF-1塩基配列に突然変異が発生したかを確認した。
実施例2-1で確認したsgRNAがハイブリダイズされるIGF-1塩基配列内の塩基配列の突然変異がIGF-1タンパク質の構造にどのように影響を及ぼすかを確認するために、形質転換供与細胞株の突然変異IGF-1のコーディング配列によってコードされるアミノ酸を分析した。
実施例2-1で確認したsgRNAがハイブリダイズされるIGF-1塩基配列内の塩基配列の突然変異が形質転換ミニブタ供与細胞株の常染色体および性染色体に影響を及ぼすかを確認するために、形質転換供与細胞株の染色体の核型をG-banding核型分析方法により分析して、染色体の安定性を検査した。
実施例2で作製したIGF-1ノックアウト形質転換供与細胞株中、embryoを用いた体細胞核移植(SCNT;Somatic cell nuclear transfer)を行った時、胚(embryo)発達率により優れていることが確認された#15番の供与細胞株を用いてIGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタを生産した。
4-1.IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタの塩基配列の分析
生産したクローンミニブタがIGF-1のノックアウトされた形質転換ミニブタであるか否かを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタの塩基配列を分析した。
実施例1-1で作製したIGF-1ノックアウト遺伝子ハサミ発現ベクターシステムがIGF-1標的配列でない他の塩基配列を標的にしたか否かを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタにおけるオフ-ターゲット(off-target)を検証した。
IGF-1とIGF-2はIGFBPとして知られたタンパク質によって調節される。このようなタンパク質は受容体への伝達を助け、IGF半減期を増加させることにより、可能なIGFの作用を促進するだけでなく、IGF-1受容体に対する結合を防止してIGFの作用を抑制することをすべて含む複雑な方式でIGFの作用を調節することを助ける。
IGF-1は成長ホルモン(GH)を陰性フィードバックで抑制し、インスリン(INS)はIGF-1と受容体を共有するため、IGF-1の不在時にその機能を補償(compensation)するために増加することが知られている。
5-1.出生時の少ない体重の確認
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタがIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すかを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト個体が出生時から正常体重を有するか否かを確認した。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタがIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すかを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト個体が出生時から小さい大きさおよび出生後に小さい身長を有するか否かを確認した。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタがIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すかを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト個体の体幹肥満の有無を確認した。
このような結果を通して、正常個体とは異なって著しい体幹肥満を示すので、IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタはIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すことを確認した。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタがIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すかを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト個体の突出額、閉じていない頭蓋骨縫合、短い鼻の長さ、小さな頭蓋骨および不足な歯の有無を確認した。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタがIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すかを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト個体の不足な毛の有無を確認した。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタがIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すかを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト個体の軟骨形成不全性小人症および小さい生殖器の有無を確認した。
IGF-1ノックアウト形質転換クローンミニブタがIGF-1ノックアウト表現型を示すかを確認するために、IGF-1ノックアウト個体の臓器の大きさおよび重量を確認した。
その結果、生後20日頃の正常個体に比べて生存したIGF-1ノックアウト個体のすべての臓器が有意に小さいことが確認され、すべての臓器の重量も正常個体に比べて16~36%水準の重量を有することが確認された(表6および図32)。
性格遺伝子は過度の親密性/社会性(hyper sociality)に関する遺伝子であって、ヒトにおけるウィリアムズ・ボイレン(Williams-Beuren)症侯群で発現が減少していることから、性格に関連していることが確認され、2010年のNatureジャーナルにイヌとウィリアムズ・ボイレン症侯群を誘発する誘電体との間の類似性が確認されたという内容が発表された。ウィリアムズ・ボイレン症侯群はヒトに過度に親切で、見知らぬヒトに会ってもヒト見知りをしないだけでなく、過度に良い社会性を示すが、低い知能および健康と外貌の障害を伴う場合が多い。
これまで本発明についてその実施例を中心に説明した。本発明の属する技術分野における通常の知識を有する者は、本発明が本発明の本質的な特性を逸脱しない範囲で変形された形態で実現可能であるを理解するであろう。そのため、開示された実施例は限定的な観点ではなく説明的な観点で考慮されなければならない。本発明の範囲は上述した説明ではなく請求の範囲に示されており、それと同等の範囲内にあるすべての差異は本発明に含まれていると解釈されなければならない。
Claims (8)
- IGF-1(insulin-like growth factor1)遺伝子をコードするDNAにハイブリダイズするgRNA(guide RNA)をコードするヌクレオチド配列;
Cas9タンパク質をコードするヌクレオチド配列;および
前記ヌクレオチド配列に作動可能に連結されたプロモーター
を含む組換え発現ベクターであって、前記gRNAは、配列番号2の塩基配列に相補的な塩基配列を含むものである、組換え発現ベクター、が導入されたミニブタ小人症(dwarfism)動物モデル作製用形質転換細胞株を、ヒトを除いた動物から得た脱核卵子に移植して核移植卵を形成するステップと、
前記核移植卵を、ヒトを除いた動物である代理母の卵管に移植するステップと
を含むミニブタ小人症(dwarfism)動物モデルの製造方法であって、
前記小人症は、IGF-1ノックアウト(knock-out)によるものであり、
前記ノックアウトは、配列番号2に相当する塩基配列が、配列番号6及び配列番号7からなる群より選択されるいずれか1つの塩基配列に突然変異して発生したものである、ミニブタ小人症動物モデルの製造方法。 - 前記小人症は、ラロン(Laron)症侯群である、請求項1に記載のミニブタ小人症動物モデルの製造方法。
- IGF-1(insulin-like growth factor1)遺伝子突然変異を有するミニブタ小人症動物モデルであって、前記動物モデルは、IGF-1遺伝子がノックアウト(knock-out)されたものであり、前記ノックアウトは、配列番号2に相当する塩基配列が、配列番号6及び配列番号7からなる群より選択されるいずれか1つの塩基配列に突然変異して発生したものである、IGF-1遺伝子突然変異を有するミニブタ小人症動物モデル。
- 前記動物モデルは、EIF4H、CLIP2、ELN、LIMK1およびRFC2からなる群より選択される1つ以上の遺伝子の発現が減少したものである、請求項3に記載のIGF-1遺伝子突然変異を有するミニブタ小人症動物モデル。
- 前記動物モデルは、ラロン(Laron)症侯群またはウィリアムズ・ボイレン(Williams-Beuren)症侯群モデル用である、請求項3に記載のIGF-1遺伝子突然変異を有するミニブタ小人症動物モデル。
- 前記ミニブタは、ペット用である、請求項3に記載のIGF-1遺伝子突然変異を有するミニブタ小人症動物モデル。
- 前記ミニブタは、異種臓器移植用である、請求項3に記載のIGF-1遺伝子突然変異を有するミニブタ小人症動物モデル。
- 前記ミニブタは、人工血液開発用である、請求項3に記載のIGF-1遺伝子突然変異を有するミニブタ小人症動物モデル。
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