JP7330117B2 - 医療機器のためのガスの混合および測定 - Google Patents
医療機器のためのガスの混合および測定 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願と一緒に出願されたとして出願データシートにおいて特定される国外または国内の優先権を主張するあらゆる出願が、37 CFR 1.57下において参照により本明細書に援用される。
図1は、患者18に呼吸ガスを送給するように構成された例示的なガス送給システム1を示す。ガス送給システム1は、送風器アセンブリ2、加湿器4、送風器導管12、患者導管14、および患者用インターフェース16を含む。送風器アセンブリ2は、送風器10および測定装置20を含む。加湿器4は、加湿室6と、加湿室6内の流体を加熱するように構成された加熱器8とを含む。いくつかの実施形態では、送風器導管12は、ガスを送風器アセンブリ2から加湿器4まで送り、および患者導管14は、加湿ガスを加湿器4から患者用インターフェース16まで送る。いくつかの実施形態では、送風器導管12および患者導管14のそれぞれは、吸息導管、呼息導管、乾燥ライン、または患者18をガス源に接続するように構成された任意の他の形態の導管、チューブ、または回路を含み得る。患者18は、患者用インターフェース16を介して加湿ガスを受ける。
図2は、同軸の配置構成に構成された測定装置20の例示的な実施形態を示す。測定装置20は、同軸の配置構成の外室である混合室21を含む。同軸の配置構成は、確実に混合ガスを実質的に十分に混合させるのを促進するガス流路の延長を可能にしながら、測定装置20にコンパクトな設計をもたらす。したがって、測定装置20は、非同軸の配置構成の測定装置よりもコンパクトであり得る。混合室21は混合要素24を含む。混合要素24は、混合室21を通るガス流路の長さを延長し得る。
超音波センサー26のそれぞれは、ガス流路に沿って交互に圧力波を送信しかつ受信する。好ましい実施形態では、送信機として構成された超音波センサー26の第1の超音波センサーが、ガス流路に沿って下流方向にパルスシリーズを送信する。受信機として構成された超音波センサー26の第2の超音波センサーが、第1の期間後、送信されたパルスを検出する。超音波センサー26の第1の超音波センサーからのパルスシリーズの送信が完了すると、超音波センサー26のコンフィギュレーションは逆にされる。超音波センサー26の第2の超音波センサーが、ガス流路に沿って上流方向に一連のパルスを送信し、および超音波センサー26の第1の超音波センサーが、第2の期間後、送信されたパルスを検出する。下流方向は、ガス流路に沿ったガスの流れの方向と一緒であるか、またはそれに従う方向であると定義される。上流方向は、ガス流路に沿ったガスの流れの方向に逆らうか、またはそれとは反対の(したがって下流方向とは反対である)方向であると定義される。第1および第2の期間は、同じ長さでもまたはそうでなくてもよい。それら期間が異なるとき、一般的に、第1の期間(下流の送信)は、第2の期間(上流の送信)よりも短い。両方向におけるガス流路に沿ったパルスの送信および検出は、システムの変動に対する測定装置20、40の感受性を低下させ得る。いくつかの実施形態では、単一方向にのみ送信することが実現可能である。
測定装置20、40は、ガス送給システム1内のガスの特徴または特性を示す電気信号を制御システムに提供するように構成され得る。制御システムは、電気信号を受信し、ガスの特性または特徴(例えば、ガスの濃度、混合比率、流量、速度、温度、または湿度)を決定し、および少なくとも部分的に電気信号に応答して、ガス送給システム1の機器または構成要素を制御し得る。
F(lpm)=k×[(Gu-Gd)-fG]
式中、
Claims (5)
- 呼吸ガス送給装置のためのガス測定装置であって、前記ガス測定装置は、
ガス源からのガスを受け入れるように構成されたガス混合室であって、前記ガス混合室の第1の端部から前記ガス混合室の第2の端部までのガス流路を含み、および少なくとも1つの混合要素が前記ガス流路内に置かれている、ガス混合室;
前記ガス混合室からのガスを受け入れるように構成されたガス測定室であって、前記ガス混合室内で同軸に置かれており、前記ガス測定室は、前記ガス測定室の第1の端部から前記ガス測定室の第2の端部までのガス流路を含み、下流方向が、前記ガス流路に沿って前記第1の端部から前記第2の端部に向かって定義され、および上流方向が、前記ガス流路に沿って前記第2の端部から前記第1の端部に向かって定義される、ガス測定室;
前記少なくとも1つの混合要素は、ガスが前記ガス測定室の前記ガス流路に入る前に、前記ガス混合室の前記ガス流路内で前記ガスを混合するように構成されており、
コントローラ;
前記ガス測定室の前記第1の端部に位置決めされた第1の超音波センサーであって、第1の測定フェーズにおいて下流方向に音響パルス列を送信し、第2の測定フェーズにおいて上流方向の音響パルス列を検出し、かつ前記コントローラに信号を送るように構成されている、第1の超音波センサー;
前記ガス測定室の前記第2の端部に位置決めされた第2の超音波センサーであって、前記第2の測定フェーズにおいて前記上流方向に音響パルス列を送信し、前記第1の測定フェーズにおいて前記下流方向の音響パルス列を検出し、かつ前記コントローラに信号を送るように構成されている、第2の超音波センサー;
前記ガス流路内を流れる前記ガスの圧力を測定するように構成されている、圧力センサー;および
前記ガス流路内を流れる前記ガスの温度を測定するように構成されている、温度センサー;
を含み、
前記コントローラは、前記第1の超音波センサーから受信された信号と前記第2の超音波センサーから受信された信号と前記温度センサーから受信された信号と前記圧力センサーから受信された信号とに基づいて、前記ガスの特徴を決定するように構成されており、前記ガスの特徴を決定することは、流量を決定することを含む、呼吸ガス測定装置。 - 前記ガス流路内の湿度を測定する湿度センサーをさらに備え、前記ガスの特徴を決定することは、前記第1の超音波センサーから受信された信号と前記第2の超音波センサーから受信された信号と前記温度センサーから受信された信号と前記湿度センサーから受信された信号とに基づいて、ガス濃度を決定することをさらに備え、
及び/又は、前記ガスが2種のガスを含み、
及び/又は、前記2種のガスが酸素および空気を含み、
及び/又は、前記下流方向の音響パルス列または前記上流方向の音響パルス列が、複数の音響パルスを含み、
及び/又は、前記下流方向の音響パルス列または前記上流方向の音響パルス列が、単一の音響パルスを含み、
及び/又は、前記ガスの特徴がさらに速度を含み、
及び/又は、前記第1および第2の超音波センサーが、固有共振周波数で励起されるように構成されており、
及び/又は、前記コントローラが、前記下流方向の音響パルス列に対して下流の飛行時間を決定するように構成され、前記コントローラが、前記上流方向の音響パルス列に対して上流の飛行時間を決定するように構成され、および前記コントローラが、少なくとも部分的に前記下流の飛行時間および前記上流の飛行時間に基づいて、前記ガスの特徴を決定するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。 - 呼吸ガス送給装置のためのガス測定装置の第1の端部から前記ガス測定装置の第2の端部までのガス流路に沿って、前記ガス測定装置を通って流れるガスの特徴を決定する方法であって、前記ガス測定装置は、ガス源からのガスを受け入れるように構成されたガス混合室からのガスを受け入れるように構成され、前記ガス混合室は、前記ガス混合室の第1の端部から前記ガス混合室の第2の端部までのガス流路を含み、および少なくとも1つの混合要素が前記ガス流路内に置かれており、前記少なくとも1つの混合要素は、ガスが前記ガス測定室の前記ガス流路に入る前に、前記ガス混合室の前記ガス流路内で前記ガスを混合するように構成されており、前記ガス測定室は前記ガス混合室内で同軸に置かれており、
前記ガス測定装置は、前記第1の端部に位置決めされた第1の超音波センサーと、前記第2の端部に位置決めされた第2の超音波センサーとを含み、下流方向が、前記ガス流路に沿って前記第1の端部から前記第2の端部に向かって定義され、および上流方向が、前記ガス流路に沿って前記第2の端部から前記第1の端部に向かって定義され、前記方法は:
前記第1の超音波センサーから下流方向に音響パルス列を送信し、かつ前記第2の超音波センサーにおいて前記下流方向の音響パルス列を検出するステップ;
前記下流方向の音響パルス列に基づいて、下流の飛行時間を決定するステップ;
前記第2の超音波センサーから上流方向に音響パルス列を送信し、かつ前記第1の超音波センサーにおいて前記上流方向の音響パルス列を検出するステップ;
前記上流方向の音響パルス列に基づいて、上流の飛行時間を決定するステップ;
前記ガス流路内を流れる前記ガスの圧力を測定するステップ;
前記ガス流路内を流れる前記ガスの温度を測定するステップ;
前記ガスの特徴を、前記下流の飛行時間と前記上流の飛行時間と前記測定された温度と前記測定された圧力とに基づいて決定するステップ;
を含み、
前記ガスの特徴を決定するステップは、流量を決定することを含む、方法。 - 前記方法は、前記ガス流路に沿って流れる前記ガスの前記湿度を測定するステップをさらに備え、前記ガスの特徴を決定するステップは、前記下流の飛行時間と、前記上流の飛行時間と、前記測定された温度と、前記測定された湿度とに基づいてガス濃度を決定するステップをさらに備え、
及び/又は、前記下流方向の音響パルス列または前記上流方向の音響パルス列が、複数の音響パルスを含み、
及び/又は、前記下流方向の音響パルス列または前記上流方向の音響パルス列が、単一の音響パルスを含み、
及び/又は、前記方法は、
前記第1の超音波センサーから第2の下流方向に音響パルス列を送信し、かつ前記第2の超音波センサーにおいて前記第2の下流方向の音響パルス列を検出するステップ;
前記下流方向の音響パルス列と前記第2の下流方向の音響パルス列との平均値に基づいて、前記下流の飛行時間を決定するステップ;
前記第2の超音波センサーから第2の上流方向に音響パルス列を送信し、かつ前記第1の超音波センサーにおいて前記第2の上流方向の音響パルス列を検出するステップ;および
前記上流方向の音響パルス列と前記第2の上流方向の音響パルス列との平均値に基づいて、前記上流の飛行時間を決定するステップ
をさらに含み、
及び/又は、前記ガスの特徴がさらに速度を含み、
及び/又は、前記第1の超音波センサーから下流方向の音響パルス列を送信するステップが、固有共振周波数で前記第1の超音波センサーを励起させることを含み、および前記第2の超音波センサーから上流方向の音響パルス列を送信するステップが、前記固有共振周波数で前記第2の超音波センサーを励起させることを含み、
前記ガスが酸素および空気を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 呼吸ガス送給システムであって、
請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の前記ガス測定装置と、
前記ガス測定装置からの呼吸ガスを受け取る吸息管と、
前記呼吸ガスを患者に送給するための前記吸息管と流体連通する患者インターフェースと、
を備える、呼吸ガス送給システム。
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US20170197056A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 |
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JP2020096914A (ja) | 2020-06-25 |
CA2950073A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
AU2015268171A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
AU2015268171B2 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
SG10201810281TA (en) | 2018-12-28 |
JP2022091902A (ja) | 2022-06-21 |
EP3148624A4 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
CN115554543A (zh) | 2023-01-03 |
CN110354356B (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
CN110393839B (zh) | 2023-03-24 |
AU2020201432A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
CN106535972B (zh) | 2019-09-03 |
JP2017517319A (ja) | 2017-06-29 |
CN110393839A (zh) | 2019-11-01 |
AU2022202127A1 (en) | 2022-04-14 |
WO2015183107A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
CN110354356A (zh) | 2019-10-22 |
EP3148624A1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
US20230026603A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 |
AU2022202127B2 (en) | 2024-06-27 |
AU2020201432B2 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
SG11201609863WA (en) | 2016-12-29 |
JP2024023533A (ja) | 2024-02-21 |
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