JP7324764B2 - 粘弾性フォーム - Google Patents
粘弾性フォーム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7324764B2 JP7324764B2 JP2020547168A JP2020547168A JP7324764B2 JP 7324764 B2 JP7324764 B2 JP 7324764B2 JP 2020547168 A JP2020547168 A JP 2020547168A JP 2020547168 A JP2020547168 A JP 2020547168A JP 7324764 B2 JP7324764 B2 JP 7324764B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tackifier
- foam
- weight
- parts
- polyol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 80
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- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003097 polyterpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
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- PLFFHJWXOGYWPR-HEDMGYOXSA-N (4r)-4-[(3r,3as,5ar,5br,7as,11as,11br,13ar,13bs)-5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-3-yl]pentan-1-ol Chemical compound C([C@]1(C)[C@H]2CC[C@H]34)CCC(C)(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@]3(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@@H](CCCO)C PLFFHJWXOGYWPR-HEDMGYOXSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/64—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63
- C08G18/6492—Lignin containing materials; Wood resins; Wood tars; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
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Description
A)ポリオールまたは少なくとも1種のポリオールを含むアルコールの混合物であって、ポリオールまたはアルコールの混合物が、(i)270mg KOH/g未満のヒドロキシル価を有し、(ii)2~4の数平均ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、(iii)170mg KOH/g未満のヒドロキシル価を有する少なくとも1種のポリエーテルポリオールを含み、かつ(iv)少なくとも10重量%のオキシエチレン含有量を有し、かつ/または少なくとも40重量%のオキシエチレン単位を含有する少なくとも1種のポリエーテルポリオールを含む、ポリオールまたは少なくとも1種のポリオールを含むアルコールの混合物と、
B)構成要素A)の100重量部あたり1~5重量部の水と、
C)少なくとも1種の有機イソシアネートとを、
D)イソシアネート基と水および/またはアルコールとの反応のための少なくとも1種の触媒と、
E)少なくとも1種の泡安定化界面活性剤と、
F)構成要素A)の100重量部あたり1~45重量部の粘着付与剤と、の存在下で、反応させることを含み、
(i)粘着付与剤が、構成要素Aと少なくとも部分的に非相溶性であり、
(ii)粘着付与剤が、25℃で少なくとも10,000センチポアズの粘度を有し、
(iii)粘着付与剤が、15℃以下のガラス転移温度を有し、
(iv)粘着付与剤が、構成要素A)、B)およびC)のいずれとも反応しない、方法である。
(i)構成要素A)と少なくとも部分的に非相溶性であり、
(ii)25℃で少なくとも10,000センチポアズの粘度を有し、
(iii)15℃以下のガラス転移温度を有し、
(iv)フォーム形成反応の条件下で、構成要素A)、B)およびC)のいずれとも反応しない。
ポリオールAは、分子量1000の公称三官能性のポリエーテルポリオールである。それは、約0%の重合されたエチレンオキシド、91%の重合されたプロピレンオキシド、および9%の開始剤残留物を含有する。
フォーム実施例1ならびに比較試料AおよびBを、表1に記載される配合物から作製する。
フォーム実施例2および比較試料C~Eを、実施例1と同じ様式で試験する。フォーム配合物を、表3に記載する。試験結果を、表4に示す。
フォーム実施例3および4、ならびに比較試料Fを、実施例1と同じ様式で試験する。フォーム配合物を、表5に記載する。試験結果を、表6に示す。
フォーム実施例5~7および比較試料Gを、実施例1と同じ様式で試験する。フォーム配合物を、表7に記載する。試験結果を、表8に示す。
様々な粘着付与剤の候補を評価するために、以下の配合から上記のようにポリウレタンフォームが作製される。
フォーム実施例8~11は、表9に記載される成分から調製される。他の成分と組み合わされる前に、50℃に予熱された粘着付与剤Aを除いて、全ての成分は、最初は室温である。各場合において、フォームは、各場合において、触媒とPMDIを除く全ての構成要素を高速混合器内で、室温、2400rpmで15秒間混合することによって作製される。触媒を添加し、2400rpmで15秒間混合する。次いで、PMDIを3000rpmで3秒間混合し、反応混合物を、直ちにプラスチック製の離型フィルムで裏打ちされた38cm×38cm×24cmの箱に注ぐ。フォームを上昇させてボックスにセットし、次いで、室温で一晩硬化させる。フォームの外面を除去して、全ての外面上の連続気泡を露出させる。
本願発明には以下の態様が含まれる。
項1.
粘着付与剤で部分的にコーティングされた内面を有する軟質ポリウレタンフォームであって、前記粘着付与剤層が、前記内面の表面積の1~75%を占める、軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項2.
前記粘着付与剤が、前記内面の表面積の2.5~40%を占める、項1に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項3.
前記粘着付与剤が、前記ポリウレタンフォームの前記内面上に、10nm~200μmの最長寸法を有する不連続領域の形態で存在する、項1または2に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項4.
前記最長寸法が、少なくとも100nm~最大50μmである、項3に記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項5.
前記粘着付与剤としては、ロジン、水素化および/またはエステル化ロジン、ポリテルペン、C5脂肪族樹脂、C9芳香族樹脂、C5/C9コポリマー樹脂、水素化C5またはC9樹脂、ブテンのポリマーまたはコポリマー、エポキシ樹脂、スチレン/ブタジエンコポリマーおよびスチレンイソプレンコポリマーなどのスチレン/共役ジエンコポリマー、エチレン-アクリル酸コポリマー、0.900g/cc未満の密度を有するエチレン-高級α-オレフィンコポリマー、シリコーンオイル、セルロース化合物、カチオン性ポリアクリルアミド、パラ-t-オクチルフェノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂、400~2000の数平均分子量を有するポリエステル、ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー、ならびに室温で液体であるエチレン-プロピレン-ジエン樹脂のうちの1種以上が挙げられる、項1~4のいずれかに記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項6.
軟質ポリウレタンフォームの作製方法であって、60~110のイソシアネート指数で、
A)ポリオールまたは少なくとも1種のポリオールを含むアルコールの混合物であって、前記ポリオールまたはアルコールの混合物が、(i)270未満のヒドロキシル価を有し、(ii)2~4の数平均ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、(iii)170未満のヒドロキシル価を有する少なくとも1種のポリエーテルポリオールを含み、かつ(iv)少なくとも10重量%のオキシエチレン含有量を有し、かつ/または少なくとも40重量%のオキシエチレン単位を含有する少なくとも1種のポリエーテルポリオールを含む、ポリオールまたは少なくとも1種のポリオールを含むアルコールの混合物と、
B)構成要素A)の100重量部あたり1~5重量部の水と、
C)少なくとも1種の有機イソシアネートとを、
D)イソシアネート基と水および/またはアルコールとの反応のための少なくとも1種の触媒と、
E)少なくとも1種の泡安定化界面活性剤と、
F)構成要素A)の100重量部あたり1~45重量部の粘着付与剤と、の存在下で、反応させることを含み、
(i)前記粘着付与剤が、構成要素Aと少なくとも部分的に非相溶性であり、
(ii)前記粘着付与剤が、25℃で少なくとも10,000センチポアズの粘度を有し、
(iii)前記粘着付与剤が、15℃以下のガラス転移温度を有し、
(iv)前記粘着付与剤が、構成要素A)、B)およびC)のいずれとも反応しない、方法。
項7.
前記粘着付与剤としては、ロジン、水素化および/またはエステル化ロジン、ポリテルペン、C5脂肪族樹脂、C9芳香族樹脂、C5/C9コポリマー樹脂、水素化C5またはC9樹脂、ブタンのポリマーまたはコポリマー、エポキシ樹脂、スチレン/ブタジエンコポリマーおよびスチレンイソプレンコポリマーなどのスチレン/共役ジエンコポリマー、エチレン-アクリル酸コポリマー、0.900g/cc未満の密度を有するエチレン-高級α-オレフィンコポリマー、シリコーンオイル、カチオン性ポリアクリルアミド、パラ-t-オクチルフェノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂、ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー、ならびに室温で液体であるエチレン-プロピレン-ジエン樹脂のうちの1種以上が挙げられる、項6に記載の方法。
項8.
前記粘着付与剤が、少なくとも1種のロジンを含む、項7に記載の方法。
項9.
前記粘着付与剤が、少なくとも1種のポリテルペンを含む、項7に記載の方法。
項10.
粘着付与剤の量が、構成要素A)の100重量部あたり5~25重量部である、項6~9のいずれかに記載の方法。
項11.
粘着付与剤の量が、構成要素A)の100重量部あたり7.5~20重量部である、項6~10のいずれかに記載の方法。
項12.
シリコーンまたはワックスの水性分散液またはエマルジョンを、フォーム外面の表面積の1平方メートルあたり20g~300gのシリコーンまたはワックスを提供するのに十分な分散液またはエマルジョンの量で、前記軟質フォームに塗布することをさらに含む、項6~11のいずれかに記載の方法。
項13.
前記シリコーンが、アミノシリコーンである、項12に記載の方法。
項14.
項6~13のいずれかに記載の方法に従って作製された、ポリウレタンフォーム。
項15.
前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが、16℃以下のガラス転移温度を有する、項1~5および14のいずれかに記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項16.
前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが、少なくとも1秒の回復時間を有する、項1~5または14~15のいずれかに記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項17.
前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが、少なくとも2秒の回復時間を有する、項1~5または14~16のいずれかに記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項18.
前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが、少なくとも1.4L/秒の気流を示す、項1~5または14~17のいずれかに記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項19.
前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが、24~64kg/m3の密度を有する、項1~5または14~18のいずれかに記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
項20.
前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが、50%以下の弾力性を有する、項1~5または14~19のいずれかに記載の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム。
Claims (5)
- 軟質ポリウレタンフォームの作製方法であって、60~110のイソシアネート指数で、
A)ポリオールまたは少なくとも1種のポリオールを含むアルコールの混合物であって、前記ポリオールまたはアルコールの混合物が、(i)270未満のヒドロキシル価を有し、(ii)2~4の数平均ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、(iii)170未満のヒドロキシル価を有する少なくとも1種のポリエーテルポリオールを含み、かつ(iv)少なくとも10重量%のオキシエチレン含有量を有し、かつ/または少なくとも40重量%のオキシエチレン単位を含有する少なくとも1種のポリエーテルポリオールを含む、ポリオールまたは少なくとも1種のポリオールを含むアルコールの混合物と、
B)構成要素A)の100重量部あたり1~5重量部の水と、
C)少なくとも1種の有機イソシアネートとを、
D)イソシアネート基と水および/またはアルコールとの反応のための少なくとも1種の触媒と、
E)少なくとも1種の泡安定化界面活性剤と、
F)構成要素A)の100重量部あたり2.5~15重量部のポリテルペン粘着付与剤と、の存在下で、反応させることを含み、
(i)前記粘着付与剤が、構成要素Aと少なくとも部分的に非相溶性であり、
(ii)前記粘着付与剤が、25℃で少なくとも10,000センチポアズの粘度を有し、
(iii)前記粘着付与剤が、15℃以下のガラス転移温度を有し、
(iv)前記粘着付与剤が、構成要素A)、B)およびC)のいずれとも反応しない、方法。 - 粘着付与剤の量が、構成要素A)の100重量部あたり5~15重量部である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 粘着付与剤の量が、構成要素A)の100重量部あたり7.5~15重量部である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- シリコーンまたはワックスの水性分散液またはエマルジョンを、フォーム外面の表面積の1平方メートルあたり20g~300gのシリコーンまたはワックスを提供するのに十分な分散液またはエマルジョンの量で、前記軟質フォームに塗布することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シリコーンが、アミノシリコーンである、請求項4に記載の方法。
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